Trends of Monk Roles in Thai Politics in the Next Two Decades
Abstract
Buddhism is an important religion in Asia; its role and influence are indelibly imprinted in the educational, social, psychological, and socio-economic development of the continent. Its manifestation can be seen in the philosophy, rites, beliefs, cultural practice, and way of life adopted by Buddhist monks and laypersons.1 When one analyzes the influence of Buddhism in Thai society, it can be seen that monks and the public have enjoyed mutually good relationships for over 700 years.
The role and significance of monks as individuals and as organized bodies can be analyzed on the basis of the relationships between the Sangha, the ruling class, and the public since the Sukhothai period. Monks have played an important role as advisers to the monarchs; on occasions they even recommended alternative solutions to administrative issues for the monarchs, as evidenced in the reigns of King Ramkhamhaeng, King Lithai, and King Naresuan. When the villagers of Bang Rachan were caught in the battle against the Burmese invaders, monks helped to boost their morale. Thus, they have played an important role in inspiriting and empowering political figures and the public as a whole and played no small part in helping the country pull through various crises. It can be seen that in the course of the nation’s historical development since the Sukhothai period monks have acted as a “bridge” between the ruling party and the public, making it possible for them to co-exist peacefully under Buddhist principles.
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