Journal of Buddhist Education and Research (JBER)

The Strategies for Human Resource Management Based on the Trisikkhā Principles for Educational Administrators Affiliated with the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area, Nong Khai Province

Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to 1) study the necessary human resource management needs of school administrators under the Primary Education Area Office, Nong Khai Province, 2) develop human resource management strategies based on the Trisikkhā principle for school administrators under the Primary Education Area Office, Nong Khai Province, and 3) evaluate the strategies for human resource management based on the Trisikkhā principle for school administrators under the Primary Education Area Office, Nong Khai Province. This study was carried out by means of a mixed-methods research approach. The study was conducted in three phases with a sample of 260 school administrators under the Primary Education Area Office, Nong Khai Province. Research tools included questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and forms to assess the suitability, feasibility, and benefits. The research findings showed that: The current overall condition was rated as high, with the highest mean in performance evaluation and the lowest mean in planning workforce ratios and defining positions. The desirable condition was also rated as high, with the highest mean in planning workforce ratios and defining positions and the lowest mean in performance evaluation. When considering the need by aspect, recruitment, and appointment had the highest necessity index, while performance evaluation had the lowest. 2) The results of the strategy development included 1 vision, 5 missions, 5 objectives, and 5 strategic issues, divided into 15 strategies. 3) The evaluation of the strategies in terms of suitability, feasibility, and benefit found that the vision, missions, and quality of the strategic components were highly suitable, feasible, and beneficial.

Strategy of Management in the 21st Century Based on Brahmavihāra 4 of School Administrators in Nong Khai Primary Educational Service Area

Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to 1) study the necessary needs for educational institution administration in the 21st century of school administrators under the Primary Education Area Office, Nong Khai Province, 2) develop educational institution administration strategies in the 21st century according to the Four Brahmavihāra principles of school administrators under the Primary Education Area Office, Nong Khai Province, and 3) evaluate the educational institution administration strategies in the 21st century according to the Four Brahmavihāra principles of school administrators under the Primary Education Area Office, Nong Khai Province. This study was carried out by means of mixed methods research. The study was conducted in three phases with a sample of 281 administrators and teachers, totaling 320 participants. Research tools included a questionnaire, a semi-structured interview form, and an assessment form of suitability, feasibility, and benefit. The research findings revealed that:

1) The overall current condition was rated as high. When considered by aspect, the area with the highest mean was performance-oriented management, which was rated highly. The overall desirable condition was also rated as high. When considering the necessity by aspect, the area of creative personnel development had the highest necessity index, while decision-making and problem-solving had the lowest necessity index. 2) The result of strategy development included 1 vision, 6 missions, 6 objectives, and 6 strategic issues, divided into 18 strategies. 3) The evaluation of the strategies before implementation showed that the process, feasibility, suitability, and benefit were all rated at the highest level overall.

The Transformational Leadership Model According to the Four Brahmavihāra of Charity School Administrators of Buddhist Temples, Northeast Region 3

Suntad Sumonmatee, Ekkarach Kositpimanvach, Sunthon Saikham — Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the current conditions, the desired conditions, and necessary needs of transformative leadership according to the Four Brahmavihāra of charity school administrators of Buddhist Temples in the Northeast Region 3; 2) to develop the model of transformative leadership according to the Four Brahmavihāra of charity school administrators of Buddhist Temples in the Northeast Region 3; 3) to assess the model of transformative leadership according to the Four Brahmavihāra of charity school administrators of Buddhist Temples in the Northeast Region 3. This study was carried out by means of mixed-method research: quantitative and qualitative research. The research tools consisted of a questionnaire, a semi-structured interview form, and an assessment form of suitability, possibility, and usefulness. For quantitative research, the sample group included 244 school administrators and teachers. Statistics used were: frequency (f), percentage (%), mean, standard deviation (S.D), and Modified Priority Need Index (PNImodified) with the present condition value of 0.993 and the desired condition value of 0.992. For qualitative research, the group of informants was: (1) five experts selected by purposive sampling used in checking the congruence and validity of the content;(2) five experts selected by purposive sampling used in semi-structured interviews; (3) nine experts by purposive sampling used in Focus Group Discussion; (4) six experts and stakeholders of 3 Charity Schools of Buddhist temples in the Northeast Region 3 with an excellent performance by selecting one administrator, five teachers from each school, totaling 24 persons, to assess of the model on suitability, possibility, and usefulness presented in the dissertation’s public hearing to conclude as a result of the research. The research results were as follows: 1. From the study of the current conditions, the desired conditions and necessary needs of transformative leadership according to the Four Brahmavihāra of charity school administrators of Buddhist Temples in the Northeast Region 3, the mean value of the desirable conditions was higher than the present condition in all aspects and all issues. Overall, the current conditions were at a high level. The desirable conditions were at the highest level. To prioritize urgent needs that need to be developed first considering the PNImodified, the results were as follows: (1) individual consideration according to the Four Brahmavihāra; (2) intellectual stimulation according to the Four Brahmavihāra; (3) the inspirational creation aspect according to the Four Brahmavihāra; (4) the influence with ideology according to the Four Brahmavihāra. 2. The results of the development suggested that the transformational leadership model according to the Four Brahmavihāra of charity school administrators of Buddhist temples in the Northeast Region 3 should consist of (1) name; (2) objectives; (3) principle and concept, (4) content (principles and concepts, objectives, contents, integration according to the Four Brahmavihāra, expected outcomes of each component). 3. The assessment results of the development suggested that the transformational leadership model according to the Four Brahmavihāra of charity school administrators of Buddhist temples in the Northeast Region 3 suggested that its overall suitability, possibility, and usefulness were at the highest level. The possibility and usefulness were at a high level and all issues can be used for real development.

The Development Model of Administrative Competencies Based on the Four Bala Principles for Administrators of Phrapariyattidhamma Schools, General Education Department, Area 7

Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The research on "The Development Model of Administrative Competencies Based on the Four Bala Principles for Administrators of Phrapariyattidhamma School, General Education Department, Area 7" aims to 1) study the priority needs for developing administrative competencies based on the Four Bala principles for school administrators; 2) create a development model for these competencies; and 3) evaluate the developed model. The mixed-method research approach was utilized, involving a sample of 280 school administrators and teachers. Tools used included questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and evaluation forms for feasibility, appropriateness, and utility. The research results are as follows: 1. The necessary development of administrative competencies based on the Four Bala principles for the school administrators identified four aspects, ranked by PNImodified from highest to lowest: self-development, teamwork, service excellence, and achievement orientation. 2. The quality development model for administrative competencies based on the Four Bala principles includes 1) model name, 2) principles and objectives,3) implementation methods, 4) targets for success, and 5) mechanisms driving success. 3. The evaluation of the development model for administrative competencies before its implementation showed its process characteristics are highly feasible, appropriate, and beneficial, with all components rated at the highest level.

Digital Leadership of Administrators Affecting High Performance Organization of Schools Under Trang Primary Educational Service Area Office 1

Kittimeth Jaritngam; Akkhara Thammathikul, Werayut Chatakan; Pramote Phromnil — Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were to 1) examine the digital leadership of school administrators, 2) explore high-performance organizations in educational institutions, 3) analyze the impact of digital leadership on high-performance organizations in schools, and 4) propose guidelines for developing digital leadership to enhance high-performance organizations in educational institutions under Trang primary educational service area office 1. The sample group consisted of 130 people administrators and deputy administrators. Research instruments included a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and a structured interview. Data analysis involved frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, and content analysis. The research findings revealed that: 1. The digital leadership of school administrators under Trang primary educational service area office 1 is at a very high level. When considering by side, it was found that the area with the highest average is digital citizenship, followed by creating a digital learning culture. And the lowest average aspect is digital professionalism. 2. The overall performance of high-performance organizations of educational institutions under Trang primary educational service area office 1 was at the highest level. The dimension with the highest average score was the emphasis on personnel quality, followed by the structural organizational process, while the organization's leadership had the lowest score. 3. The results of the analysis of digital leadership that affects the high-performance organization of educational institutions under Trang primary educational service area office 1 are digital citizenship and digital professionalism, which have positive effects on all aspects. 4. Guidelines for developing digital leadership that affects the high-performance organization of educational institutions under Trang primary educational service area office 1, consist of 4 aspects: 1) In terms of digital leadership vision, executives must use data and technology to analyze educational trends to set organizational direction and drive digital policies through data analytics platforms and tracking systems. 2) In terms of digital professionalism, promoting human resource skills through training and studying international case studies, applying technology and innovation in administration and teaching to develop sustainable educational quality. 3) In terms of building a digital learning culture, it supports the development of digital skills through training, the use of digital tools, and creating an environment conducive to flexible, modern learning and the ability to experiment with innovations.4) In terms of digital citizenship, promote the ethical and responsible use of technology, raise awareness of online safety, and support the use of technology for creative self-development and social development, helping educational institutions adapt to the digital age and develop effectively.

Relationship Between School Administrators’ Leadership and Teachers’ Motivation in Chonburi Area 3 under Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Chonburi and Rayong

Pratchaya Wongpleaw, Jutharat Nirundorn — Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The research aimed to (1) study the leadership level of school administrators (2) study the motivation level of teachers (3) study the relationship between the leadership of school administrators and the motivation of teachers in Chonburi 3, under the Office of the Secondary Education Area, Chonburi Rayong. The population used in the research was 285 teachers. The sample size was determined using the Krejci and Morgan table with a stratified random sampling method and then simple random sampling. The statistical values used in the research data analysis were mean, standard deviation, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The research results found that: Leadership of school administrators Overall, it is at the highest level in of motivation for teachers. and the relationship motivation was found to have a positive relationship at a moderate level.

The Needs Assessment Academic Administration in Special Education Service Centers under Office of Special Education Administration

Thamonwan Dangthongdee, Supatcha Sriiam , Chanchai Wongsirasawat — Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research article are 1) to study the current level and the desired level of academic administration of special education center service units, Office of Special Education Administration, and 2) to study the needs of academic administration in special education service centers under office of special education administration. The samples used in the research were 322 teachers of special education centers, Office of Special Education Administration, the sample size was determined by Yamane’s sampling formula. The research instrument was a 5-point rating scale questionnaire with a reliability value of 0.99. The statistics used for data analysis were mean, standard deviation, and PNI modified. The research results found that 1) the current level of academic administration in special education service centers under office of special education administration Overall, it was at a high level for all 5 items (x ̅= 4.23, S.D. = 0.63). Desirable level of academic administration in special education service centers under office of special education administration Overall, it was at a high level (x ̅= 4.38, S.D. = 0.62). 2) Assessment of the needs of academic administration in special education service centers under office of special education administration, the order of needs are as follows: inclusive education, community-based rehabilitation, student registration measurement and evaluation transitional services, early intervention and facilities, media, services, and other educational assistance.

Guidelines for Developing Information Systems for Educational Institution Administration under the Mae Hong Son Secondary Educational Service Area Office

Kanjanaphorn Chotakkharathitikun, Suraphong Saengseemuk — Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research used a mixed-method research methodology. The objectives were 1) to study the status and problems of information system management for educational institution administration under the Mae Hong Son secondary educational service area office, and 2) to find a guideline for developing information system management for educational institution administration under the Mae Hong Son secondary educational service area office. The sample group consisted of 216 school administrators and teachers in educational institutions under the Mae Hong Son secondary educational service area office, and 9 experts. The instruments were questionnaires and structured interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and content analysis. The results of the research found that the overall status of information system management for educational institution administration was at a high level (x̄ = 4.45). The average is at a high level at all, the data verification ranked the highest and last the information storage. The problem of information systems for educational institution administration found that the policy determination and guidelines for data collection are not clear, resulting in incomplete data results that do not meet the needs of use. The data verification list is not consistent with the data characteristics. The operation is not on time. The use of data and information is inefficient. The information system is not developed to be accurate and up-to-date at all times. The guidelines for developing information systems for educational institution administration found that educational institutions should organize an analysis of the educational institution's context to use the results to determine policies and the needs for using data and information in educational institution administration. There should be a calendar that covers educational institution administration, allowing all parties to participate in planning, specifying a clear time period for supervision and monitoring, creating a comprehensive database system, and supporting the use of modern information technology in operations.

Experience-Based Learning Activities on the Four Noble Truths to Develop Causal Thinking Skills in Primary School Year 5 Students at Ramkhamhaeng Networking Schools, Sukhothai Province

Rathaporn Sanansain, Nuttachet Pooncharoen — Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research is qualitative research. The objectives are 1) to study the current status and problems of learning management on the Four Noble Truths for Grade 5 students in the Ramkhamhaeng Network School, Sukhothai Province, and 2) to develop learning activities based on experience on the Four Noble Truths to develop causal thinking skills for Grade 5 students. The main informants are 8 teachers in the Ramkhamhaeng Network School, Sukhothai Province and 74 students. The research area is Ban Muang Kao “Sri Intratit” School, Mueang District, Sukhothai Province. The research methodology is derived from a purposive sampling of Grade 5 students of Ban Muang Kao “Sri Intratit” School. The research instruments are: 1) A manual for organizing learning activities on the Four Noble Truths to develop causal thinking skills for Grade 5 students and 2) In-depth interview questions using descriptive data analysis. The results of the research found that the current status and problems of learning To develop the causal thinking skills of the 5th grade students of the Ramkhamhaeng Network School, Sukhothai Province, in all 4 aspects, both groups of informants agreed that the current learning activity organization process of teachers using the teaching method in Buddhism is still not consistent with the needs of the students and lacks the integration of causal thinking skills, causing students to lack knowledge of Buddhist principles, unable to explain and apply them to their daily lives. In addition, teachers lack knowledge in developing teaching media and do not integrate causal thinking skills, resulting in students lacking motivation and unable to connect Buddhist principles with daily lives. The researcher therefore used the results of the study of the current conditions and problems of learning management to develop causal thinking skills to develop the organization of learning activities on the Four Noble Truths to develop causal thinking skills of the 5th grade students, enabling them to learn through actual practice, linking the Four Noble Truths with real situations, enhancing their analytical thinking skills and finding solutions rationally, and also helping to enhance the characteristics of being a good Buddhist according to the learning standards of the Buddhism subject appropriately.

Guidelines for Promoting Motivational Characteristics for School Administrators of Mae Yuam-Mae Khong Educational Management Center under the Mae Hong Son Primary Educational Service Area Office 2

Sulawan Yajai, Thanakit Sittirach — Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research used a mixed-method research methodology with the objectives of 1) studying the motivational characteristics of school administrators, and 2) finding ways to promote motivational characteristics for school administrators at Mae Yuam-Mae Khong educational management center under the Mae Hong Son primary educational service area office 2. This mixed-method research involved 142 teachers and 9 experts. Data were collected using questionnaires and structured interviews, analyzed through descriptive statistics and content analysis. The results of the research found that; the motivational characteristics of school administrators were at a high level (μ = 4.33). The being enthusiastic (μ = 4.36) was the highest, followed by optimism (μ = 4.35), trustworthiness (μ = 4.32), and vision (μ = 4.29) were the lowest, respectively. To foster motivational, school administrators should engage all stakeholders in decision-making, strategic planning, and vision dissemination. Information should be disclosed transparently and not concealed completely. It should encourage the exchange of learning, experiences, and reflecting on problems and obstacles from work. It should use the supervision process to stimulate motivational, use human relations skills, to be open-minded, and develop leadership by decentralizing and assigning responsibilities. It shows that administrators who have an open-minded vision, are optimistic, enthusiastic and behave in a trustworthy manner will have an influence on the motivational of teachers. Therefore, relevant agencies should use it as a curriculum for developing school administrators to have desirable characteristics

The Development of Creative Leadership of School Administrators under the Pathum Thani Educational Service Area Office

Apichayapon Konsrila , Supatcha Sri-iam, Kanreutai Klangphahol — Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purposes of this research were: 1) to study the actual state and the expected state for Creative Leadership of School Administrators, and 2) to study the needs for Creative Leadership of School Administrators under the Pathum Thani Educational Service Area Office. The sample group used in the research was 339 teachers under Pathum Thani educational service area office. The tools were a questionnaire. The data were analyzed in terms of percentage, mean, standard deviation, prioritized need index (PNI modified). The results of this research were as follows: 1) The actual state of creative leadership of school administrators found that an overall is high (x̄ = 4.06, S.D.= 0.767), 2) The expected state to of creative leadership of school administrators found that an overall is high (x̄= 4.24, S.D.= 0.862), and 3) The needs of the development of creative leadership of school administrators under the Pathum Thani educational service area office, it was found that the with the highest average was Teamwork (PNI_modified= 0.52).

Buddhism in Ta Muen Tot Castle

Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

In the study titled "Buddhism in Ta Muen Tot Castle," the researcher set three objectives: 1) to study the form, meaning, development, and the belief system behind the construction of Ta Muen Tot Castle; 2) to study Buddhism in Ta Muen Tot Castle; and 3) to analyze Buddhism in Ta Muen Tot Castle. This is a qualitative field research project using in-depth interviews and descriptive analysis. The study found that, in terms of form, Ta Muen Tot Castle is an Arogyasala (hospital chapel) built of laterite and sandstone. In terms of meaning, it signifies a religious sanctuary for healing, commissioned by King Jayavarman VII (B.E. 1724–1761) of the ancient Khmer Empire, as noted in the inscription at Ta Prohm temple in Cambodia. Regarding its development, inscriptions found at Ta Muen Tot Castle (S.R. 1, K.375) are written in ancient Khmer using Sanskrit from the 18th Buddhist century, though they provide limited historical details. Similar inscriptions have been found in four locations across Thailand. The belief system behind the construction stems from Buddhist faith. Buddhist figures found at Ta Muen Tot Castle include the four-armed Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva (Angkor Wat art style), the Buddha, the Jina (Victor), Bhaiṣajyaguru Vaiḍūrya (Medicine Buddha), Surya Vairochana Chandrarochi, Chandra Vairochana Rohiniśa, and the Lotus-Footed One—symbolizing heaven, disease, medicine, and merit. The analysis revealed: 1) Symbolic forms, such as Avalokiteśvara representing Mahayana Buddhism, with references to the Buddha as healer in the Trikaya doctrine (Nirmāṇakāya, Dharmakāya, Sambhogakāya), the Jina symbolizing victory over illness, Bhaiṣajyaguru as the supreme healer accompanied by two bodhisattvas—Surya Vairochana Chandrarochi (small medicine pot) and Chandra Vairochana Rohiniśa (large medicine pot), both representing Mahayana beliefs; 2) Symbolic actions, including the use of medicine to conquer illness and merit-making as a moral purification of the mind from unwholesomeness to wholesomeness; and 3) Symbolic thoughts, such as the Lotus-Footed One implying transcendence and purity, heaven symbolizing supreme bliss, and disease representing suffering and affliction.

Guidelines for Preventing Dropout of Ethnic Students in the Highland Mae Suat Educational Management Center under the Mae Hong Son Primary Educational Service Area Office 2

Watanyoo Somdoung, Suraphong Saengseemuk — Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research used a mixed-method research methodology. The objectives were 1) to study the conditions and problems for dropout of ethnic students in the highlands and 2) to find ways to prevent dropout of ethnic students in the highlands, Mae Suat educational management center under the Mae Hong Son primary educational service area office 2, was divided into 2 steps. The population consisted of 111 school administrators and teachers in Mae Suat educational management center under the Mae Hong Son primary educational service area office 2, and 9 experts. The questionnaires and structured interviews were used. Descriptive statistics were used to find frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and content analysis. The results of the research found that the overall dropout conditions were at a moderate level (μ = 2.68, σ = 1.17). Family conditions were the highest cause, while student conditions were the lowest cause. The problems of dropout were frequent absences, insufficient learning equipment, distant residences, poor parents, and poor relationships with teachers. The guidelines for dropout prevention were to develop vocational skills so that students could earn income while studying by participating in vocational institutions and local businesses. Improve the operation of the student care system seriously, support the development of an internal environment that is conducive to learning, develop teachers to organize teaching and learning that responds to the interests of students, and promote good interactions between the school and the community.

Correlation Between Perception of Principal’s Leadership, Welfare Expectation and Work Performance Attention of Contract Teachers in Secondary School District Office, Bangkok Area 2

Somporn Poungperm — Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to 1) find the relationship between the leadership perception of administrators, the expectation of school welfare, and the work intention of contract teachers in schools under the Office of the Secondary Education Service Area 2, Bangkok, and 2) predict the work intention by the leadership perception of administrators and the expectation of school welfare of contract teachers in schools under the Office of the Secondary Education Service Area 2, Bangkok. The sample group of the research were 130 contract teachers in schools under the Office of the Secondary Education Service Area 2, Bangkok. The research instruments were 3 summated rating scales with reliability (α) 768 to .775. The statistics used for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The research results found that 1) The perception of administrators' leadership, the expectation of school welfare, and the intention to work had a low to moderate relationship. 2) The perception of administrators' leadership and the expectation of school welfare predicted teachers' intention to work by 33%. 3) The perception of administrators' leadership and the expectation of school welfare together predicted teachers' intention to work in terms of readiness to work by more than 25%. 4) The perception of administrators' leadership and the expectation of school welfare together predicted teachers' intention to work in performing assigned tasks with perseverance and teachers' intention to work in terms of completing various tasks with dedication by less than 25%.

A Comparison of Learning Achievement on Foreign Languages in Thai Language for Matthayomsuksa 3 Students Using Multimedia and Traditional Teaching Method

Benjaporn Soisirisunthorn, Oranuch Limtasiri — Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of multimedia materials for teaching Thai loanwords to Matthayomsuksa 3 students, ensuring an efficiency level that meets the 80/80 criterion. 2) to compare the learning achievement in the Thai language on the topic of loanwords from foreign languages between Matthayomsuksa 3 students taught using multimedia materials and those taught using traditional methods. The sample consisted of Matthayomsuksa 3 students from two classrooms, Matthayomsuksa 3/2 and Matthayomsuksa 3/3, selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments used were 1) multimedia materials on the topic of loanwords from foreign languages. 2) lesson plans using multimedia materials. 3) traditional lesson plans. 4) An achievement test consisting of 20 multiple-choice questions with 4 options. The data were statistically analyzed through the efficiency index (E1/E2), mean, standard deviation, and independent t-test. The results of this research were as follows: 1) The effectiveness of the multimedia materials for teaching Thai language on the topic of loanwords from foreign languages for Matthayomsuksa 3 students achieved an efficiency index (E1/E2) of 81.80/81.83. 2) The learning achievement in the Thai language on the topic of loanwords from foreign languages among Matthayomsuksa 3 students taught using multimedia materials was significantly higher than that of students taught using traditional methods at the .05 level of statistical significance.

Good Governance in Thailand’s Durian Exportation

Thanongsak Chaichuy, Jomdet Trimek — Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research analyzes the problems of governance in Thailand's durian exports and proposes guidelines for developing good practice standards and fair-trade policies. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with durian packing house operators and related agencies, using a purposive sampling method with a total of 12 participants, including 8 durian export business operators and 4 representatives from pertinent agricultural policy agencies. The findings indicated that the durian export sector in Thailand is subject to unjust trade practices, which include production control and bulk purchasing, grading and price control, complex regulatory systems, misrepresentation of durians from neighboring countries, and interventions by gray-market investors. Durian pricing, transportation and inspection systems, quality control to ensure compliance with standards, chemical residue and immature durian inspections, and clear pre-harvest and export regulations within the country are all critical components of best practice standards for durian exportation in Thailand. The research recommends the implementation of quality control measures for exported durians, market expansion and diversification, financial assistance for business operators, support for infrastructure and logistics systems, and collaborative development of durian exports between the government and the private sector to implement fair trade policies for Thailand's agricultural sector in durian exports.

Buddhist Principles Related to Political leadership of Local Administrators in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province

Wed, 02 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this thesis were: 1) to study the level of political leadership among local administrators in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province; 2) to examine the relationship between the Four Brahmavihāra and the political leadership of local administrators in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province; 3) to explore the application of the Four Brahmavihāra to enhance the political leadership of local administrators in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province. This research employed a mixed-method approach, integrating both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The quantitative research was conducted using a questionnaire as the primary tool for data collection. The sample group consisted of 399 local politicians in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province. The statistical methods used for data analysis included frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Hypothesis testing was conducted using Pearson's correlation coefficient. The qualitative research involved in-depth interviews with 12 key informants, and the data were analyzed using descriptive content analysis. The research results were as follows: 1. The overall level of political leadership among local administrators in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province, is high. When examining different aspects, it was found that all aspects were rated at a high level. The personality aspect had the highest mean score of 3.85, followed by morality and ethics (3.83), emotional intelligence (3.80), social skills, and knowledge and competency (3.68), respectively. 2. The relationship between the Four Brahmavihāra and the political leadership of local administrators in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province, is statistically significant at the 0.01 level, with a positive correlation coefficient of 0.71. 3. Political leadership of local administrators in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province, according to the principles of the Four Divine Abodes, local administrators should perform their duties and do so willingly, with good thoughts and compassion for the people in the area. They must be honest and sincere in their duties. They must consider the public interest as their main concern, be happy for others, and must perform their duties well, that is, help the people and meet them all the time. Performing duties must be done without bias.

A Study of Risk Management of School Administrators under the Jurisdiction of the Phetchabun Primary Educational Service Area Office 3

Chitphon Phetwari, Nikom Nakai — Sun, 06 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to study the risk management practices of school administrators under the Phetchabun Primary Educational Service Area Office 3. The population used in the study includes 185 schools. The sample size was determined using a ready-made table, resulting in 127 schools. The respondents consist of 127 school administrators and 127 teachers, totaling 254 participants. A total of 224 questionnaires were returned, representing 88.19%. The data collection tool used was a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, with reliability values ranging from 0.8 to 1.0 and a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.895. The statistics used in data analysis include percentage, mean, and standard deviation. The study found that school administrators' risk management in the Phetchabun Primary Educational Service Area 3 was generally at a high level. When considering each aspect, financial risk management has the highest mean value, which is at the highest level, followed by operational risk management at a high level, and strategic risk management, which has the lowest average level, at a high level.

The Perceptions of Thai EFL Primary School Teachers towards the Shift from the Classroom to Online Teaching during Covid-19 Period

Michael Lietz, Kris Lietz, Jaruwan Skulkhu, Sombun Ariya, Kritiya Ariya — Sun, 06 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purpose of this study was to find out the perceptions of EFL teachers in Thai primary schools regarding online teaching, two years after the onset of the global Covid-19 pandemic. In this study, the participants were 6 full-time Thai EFL teachers (1 male and 5 females) teaching in Intensive English Program (IEP) in primary level from various private Catholic schools in the central region in Thailand. The selection of the participants was conducted through the purposive sampling technique. The participants have had teaching experience in the English language for 1-5 years. For this study the participants are simply named P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6. To collect data and information, the instruments consisted of semi-structured interviews were employed. The interviews were conducted online on the Zoom platform over a course of three evenings, 2 interviewees each day. The data and information, then were analyzed using the integrative approach, combining deductive and inductive methods. The findings indicated that the positives of online teaching were underlined by the participants, who mentioned time, energy, and location flexibility as advantages. Furthermore, the teachers were able to improve their teaching talents by learning how to use ICT in the classroom. In contrast, the participants perceived the disadvantages of English online instruction from two perspectives: higher workload for teachers and less effective learning for students. Thai learners in primary school, as noted in the discussion of the downsides of online teaching, require more hands-on supervision and benefit from the social and physical interaction that may be offered when learning onsite. In comparison to secondary school and college students, Thai primary school kids behave differently and are less autonomous.

A Study of the Characteristics of Professional Administrators in Wichianburi District under the Phetchabun Primary Educational Service Area Office 3

Warunee Paenjumpa, Nikom Nakai — Thu, 10 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study examines the characteristics of professional school administrators in Wichian Buri district, Phetchabun Area 3, under the Office of the Basic Education Commission. The population includes school administrators and teachers, totaling 568 individuals. The sample used for this research includes school administrators and teachers in the Wichian Buri district, totaling 234 individuals, which consists of 22 school administrators and 212 teachers. A simple random sampling method was employed for the selection. The data collection tool used was a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, with an Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) value ranging from 0.80 to 1.00, and overall reliability of the instrument being 0.990. The statistical methods used for data analysis included mean and standard deviation. The research findings indicate that the overall characteristics of professional school administrators in Wichian Buri district, under the Office of the Basic Education Commission, Phetchabun Area 3, are at a high level. When considering the various aspects, it was found that the highest average score was in the area of morality and ethics, followed by personality traits. Conversely, the area with the lowest average score was in knowledge and competencies.

Education Management for Equality and Reducing Education Inequality

Fri, 11 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Education is recognized as an important mechanism for national development, but the situation in education shows that the problem of inequality and educational opportunities is still a problem that has existed for a long time. This is due to the prevalence of inequality in various aspects of education, including the quality of different schools. Education is not comprehensive in remote areas. The shortage of scholarships, economic problems, and the pandemic are all important factors that result in Thai children being pushed out of the education system. In addition, the situation of inequality is linked to the quality of education and is linked to the affiliation of the educational institution. The size of the educational institution and the economic status of the household. This paper aims to analyze the causes of educational opportunities that affect educational inequality, focusing on seeking guidelines and suggestions for educational institutions to lead to the design of educational management for equality and reduce inequality. Some of the data was obtained from data collection under the expansion project and the development of a data collection system in accordance with the sustainable development goals in provincial education. The Northeast Region was presented to the Office of the Education Equity Fund in 2022 and was obtained from interviews with administrators of basic education institutions. It was concluded that the concept of education for equality and inequality reduction is consistent and in the same direction as the concept of human capital development. Education management is the cornerstone of developing people to have physical qualities; mental and social education can create a career. Therefore, education management is for the development of human quality and economic development and social stability as a whole. Therefore, the duty of educational institutions must be to manage education in terms of policy, education, and education. Principles and resources are available to manage education equitably without discrimination. Whether it is the management of the teaching and learning curriculum that arises from the participation of stakeholders. Organize teaching and learning courses in accordance with wisdom, locality, and culture, and promote learning that can be applied in daily life. Reduce competition and rule-making; social rules avoid reproduction and overcrowding, creating conflicts by classifying learners and types of study plans in educational institutions.

Effects of Using the Reading Skills Training Kit with the QAR Teaching Strategy to Develop Analytical Reading Ability for Matthayom 4 Students

Jetsadakorn Aukkarasupsakul, Sumana Kheannil — Wed, 16 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were 1) to develop a reading skill training package with QAR teaching strategy to promote analytical reading ability for Matthayom 4 students to achieve the efficiency according to the specified criteria of 80/80 and 2) to develop analytical reading ability with a reading skill training package with QAR teaching strategy. The target group was 16 Matthayom 4.11 students studying at Wat Nong Khaem School, under the Office of the Secondary Education Service Area, Bangkok Area 1 in the academic year 2024 who had analytical reading test score lower than 50 percent. The research instruments consisted of 1) a learning management plan to develop analytical reading ability using the QAR teaching strategy, 2) a reading skill training package with the QAR teaching strategy to develop analytical reading ability, and 3) an analytical reading ability test. The research results indicated that 1) The reading skill training kit using the QAR teaching strategy was effective, with an efficiency score of 83/82, exceeding the specified 80/80 standard. 2) Students have improved analytical reading ability, which passed the analytical reading ability assessment criteria of more than 50 percent as determined by the researcher.

Integrating Experiential Marketing Concepts into Business Education: A Case Study in the Jewelry Industry

Yuanchun Xu, Shaowen Wang — Wed, 16 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

With the acceleration of global economic integration, the jewelry industry, as an important component of the high-end consumer goods market, is facing increasingly fierce market competition. Traditional marketing methods are no longer able to meet the increasingly diverse needs of consumers, and experiential marketing, as an emerging marketing concept, is gradually receiving widespread attention from jewelry companies. This article is based on the stimulus response model and empirically tests the impact path and mechanism of sensory experience and emotional experience on consumer purchasing behavior through regression analysis, and verifies the mediating role of consumption ability. The study used quantitative methods and collected 272 valid sample data. The results indicate that both sensory and emotional experiences have a significant positive impact on purchasing behavior, with emotional experience having a more prominent influence (β=0.482, p<0.001). In addition, consumer power plays an important mediating role in the impact of both factors on purchasing behavior. The study provides strategic recommendations for jewelry brands to strengthen sensory design and deepen emotional marketing, in order to enhance brand influence and consumer purchase intention.

The Impact of English Club Participation on Citizenship Development Among Thaksin University Students: A Study of Online and On-Site Engagement

Thu, 17 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

English Clubs are widely established in educational institutions, including primary schools, secondary schools, and universities, serving as platforms for language development and personal growth. At Thaksin University in Songkhla, Thailand, the English Club plays a multifaceted role in promoting both academic excellence and active citizenship. This article explores how extracurricular activities - conducted by the TSU English Club in both physical and virtual settings - contribute to students’ language proficiency, personal development, and social engagement. Through a range of interactive activities, such as book discussions, cultural exchange programs, and community service initiatives, the English Club fosters communication skills and intercultural understanding. The club also provides opportunities for leadership development, as students organize and participate in events that enhance teamwork, critical thinking, and civic responsibility. Additionally, online platforms have expanded the club’s reach, allowing students to engage with international peers and develop digital literacy skills. Beyond language acquisition, the club’s initiatives promote active citizenship by encouraging students to contribute to their communities. Activities such as charity events, environmental campaigns, and collaborative projects with international volunteers reinforce the importance of civic responsibility. Moreover, hybrid learning models ensure that students can continuously develop their English proficiency while participating in meaningful social and cultural exchanges. This article highlights the significant role of English Clubs in shaping well-rounded individuals equipped with linguistic competence and a strong sense of social responsibility. By integrating both traditional and digital approaches, the TSU English Club serves as an essential platform for fostering global citizenship and lifelong learning among students.

The Impact of Social Media on Food Culture: A Comparative Analysis of Flavor, Tradition, and Identity in Thai and Indonesian Cuisines

Thu, 17 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study investigates how social media platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook reshape culinary traditions and cultural identities in Thailand and Indonesia. Comparative analysis reveals differences in balancing traditional authenticity with digital innovation, highlighting both opportunities and challenges for culinary heritage preservation. This study explores how platforms like Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook transform food perception, consumption, and sharing in these two Southeast Asian nations. By comparing the role of social media in Thai and Indonesian food cultures, this paper examines how traditional flavors, culinary practices, and cultural identities are being preserved, adapted, and reimagined in the digital age. Through an analysis of viral food trends, influencer-driven content, and user-generated posts, the study highlights how social media has amplified the global appeal of iconic dishes like Thailand’s khanom buang (crispy crepes filled with sweet or savory meringue), and Indonesia’s Martabak, while also fostering new hybrid cuisines. The findings reveal that while both countries leverage social media to celebrate their rich culinary heritage, they differ in how they balance tradition and innovation. Ultimately, this study underscores the profound impact of social media on food culture, offering insights into how digital platforms are reshaping the culinary identities of Thailand and Indonesia in the 21^st century.

The Administration of the Student Support System of Rajaprajanugroh School under the Office of Special Education Administration Group 8

Natthakarn Siammai, Sajanun Kheowvongsri — Fri, 18 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research article aimed to: 1) to examine the management of student support systems in Rajaprajanugroh Schools under the Special Education Administration Bureau, Group 8. 2) compare the management of student support systems in these schools based on gender, educational level, work experience, and individual schools; and 3) collect recommendations for improving the management of student support systems based on teachers’ opinions. The sample group consisted of 208 teachers, and a questionnaire was used as the research instrument, with an overall reliability coefficient of 0.968. Statistical methods used for data analysis included percentage, mean, standard deviation (S.D.), t-test, and F-test. The results are as follows: 1. the overall management of the student care and support system in Rajaprajanugroh Schools under the Office of Special Education Administration, Group 8, was at a high level (𝑥̅ = 4.33, S.D. = 0.64). When analyzed by aspect, the three highest-rated aspects were student promotion and development, prevention and problem-solving, and student referral. 2. The comparison of student care and support system management based on gender, education level, work experience, and individual Rajaprajanugroh schools showed that differences in gender and education level were statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Differences in work experience, both overall and in individual aspects, were not statistically significant. However, differences among Rajaprajanugroh schools were statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 3. The recommendations gathered suggested that administrators should implement real-time monitoring systems to track students' at-risk behaviors, allowing teachers to respond promptly to situations. Additionally, administrators should promote the establishment of Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs) with hospitals, mental health centers, or private organizations to facilitate effective expert intervention. Lastly, administrators should support schools in developing long-term student support networks by collaborating with relevant external organizations.

Guidelines for Developing Leadership in the 21st Century for School Administrators Under Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office Area 3

Suphat Khulchai, Somsak Poomkong, Tanasak Siripoonyanan — Fri, 18 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The research aimed to study 1) the current status, the desired status, and the leadership needs in the 21^st century of school administrators under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area, Khon Kaen Area 3 and 2) the guidelines for developing leadership in the 21^st century of school administrators under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area, Khon Kaen Area 3. This research was mixed-method research. The samples were 297 school administrators and teachers. The sample size was determined by opening the Krejci and Morgan table using stratified random sampling and simple random sampling. The research instruments were a 5-level rating scale questionnaire, a semi-structured interview form, an appropriateness and feasibility assessment form, the index of consistency was 0.8-1.00, the discrimination power of each item was between 0.45-0.89, and the reliability of the entire questionnaire was 0.99. The statistics used for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation, the Priority of Needs Index (PNImodified), and content analysis. The results of the research were as follows: 1. The current situation is at a high level overall (x̄= 3.91) and when considering each aspect, it was found that all aspects were at a high level. The aspect with the highest average value was the aspect of creating and changing visions for a digital society (x̄= 3.95) and the aspect with the lowest average value was the aspect of developing expertise to become a professional ( = 3.88). 2. The desired state of academic leadership in the 21^st century of school administrators under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area 3, Khon Kaen, was at a high level overall (x̄= 4.79) and when considering each aspect, it was found that all aspects were at a high level. The aspect with the highest average value was the aspect of accepting new knowledge to create an intellectual society (x̄ = 4.86) and the aspect with the lowest average value was the aspect of creating and changing visions for a digital society (x̄ = 4.74). 3. The assessment of the needs of academic leadership in the 21^st century of school administrators under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area 3, Khon Kaen, found that overall, the need index value was PNI_modified = 0.2249 and when considering each aspect Ranked from most to least, they are: Developing expertise to become a professional, with the highest need index (PNI^modified = 0.2448), accepting new knowledge to create a society of knowledge, with the need index (PNI_modified = 0.2398), promoting the use of information technology, with the need index (PNI_modified = 0.2211), creating new innovations or services, with the need index (PNI_modified = 0.2188), and creating and changing visions for a digital society, with the need index (PNI_modified = 0.2000), respectively. 4. Guidelines for developing leadership in the 21st century for educational administrators Under the jurisdiction of the Office of the Primary Education Area, Khon Kaen Area 3, consisting of 5 areas and 15 approaches as follows: 1) Developing expertise to become a professional, with 3 approaches; 2) Accepting new knowledge to create a society of knowledge, with 3 approaches; 3) Promoting the use of information technology, with 3 approaches; 4) Inventing new innovations or services, with 3 approaches; and 5) Creating and changing visions for a digital society, with 3 approaches. Overall, the results of the evaluation of suitability were at the highest level, with an average of 4.93, and the results of the evaluation of feasibility were at the highest level, with an average of 4.77.

A Model for the Development of Teachers and Educational Personnel Using Technology as a Base, Integrating Professional Learning Communities for Active Learning Management to Improve Student Quality in Schools Under the Office of the Secondary Education Service Area, Maha Sarakham

Wasit Somjitsripanya — Fri, 18 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์ 1) เพื่อศึกษาสภาพปัญหา และความต้องการการพัฒนาครูและบุคลากรทางการศึกษาเพื่อการจัดการเรียนรู้เชิงรุกสู่การยกระดับคุณภาพนักเรียน ในโรงเรียนสังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษามัธยมศึกษามหาสารคาม และ 2) เพื่อพัฒนารูปแบบการพัฒนาครูและบุคลากรทางการศึกษาโดยใช้เทคโนโลยีเป็นฐาน บูรณาการชุมชนแห่งการเรียนรู้ทางวิชาชีพเพื่อการจัดการเรียนรู้เชิงรุกสู่การยกระดับคุณภาพนักเรียน ในโรงเรียนสังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษามัธยมศึกษามหาสารคาม การวิจัยนี้เป็นการวิจัยและพัฒนา แบ่งออกเป็น 2 ขั้นตอน ได้แก่ ขั้นตอนที่ 1 การศึกษาข้อมูลพื้นฐาน สภาพปัญหาและความต้องการ ผู้ให้ข้อมูล คือ 1) ผู้บริหารสถานศึกษา ครูผู้สอนและบุคลากรทางการศึกษา รวมจำนวน 65 คน เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัย ได้แก่ 1) แบบวิเคราะห์เอกสาร 2) แบบสัมภาษณ์ผู้บริหารสถานศึกษา 3) แบบบันทึกการสนทนากลุ่ม ขั้นตอนที่ 2 การพัฒนารูปแบบ ผู้ให้ข้อมูล คือ 1) ผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิในการจัดสัมมนาอิงผู้เชี่ยวชาญ (Connoisseurship) จำนวน 9 คน ได้มาโดยการเลือกแบบเจาะจง (Purposive Sampling) ในการประเมินความเหมาะสมและความเป็นไปได้ของรูปแบบ เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัย ได้แก่ 1) แบบตรวจสอบความสมเหตุสมผลเชิงทฤษฎีและความสอดคล้องของร่างรูปแบบ และ 2) แบบประเมินความเหมาะสมและความเป็นไปได้ของรูปแบบ ผลการวิจัย พบว่า สภาพปัญหาในการจัดการเรียนรู้ ขาดการส่งเสริมให้นักเรียนฝึกทักษะด้านการคิดวิเคราะห์ การแก้ปัญหา สื่อการเรียนรู้ ไม่เพียงพอและไม่มีความหลากหลาย ครูต้องการพัฒนาความสามารถในการจัดการเรียนรู้ การประยุกต์ใช้วิธีการจัดการเรียนรู้ที่หลากหลาย เหมาะสมกับเนื้อหาและผู้เรียน การพัฒนาครูควรจะใช้วิธีการที่หลากหลาย และ 2) รูปแบบการพัฒนาครูและบุคลากรทางการศึกษาโดยใช้เทคโนโลยีดิจิทัลเป็นฐานบูรณาการชุมชนแห่งการเรียนรู้ทางวิชาชีพสู่การยกระดับคุณภาพผู้เรียน ในโรงเรียนสังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษามัธยมศึกษามหาสารคาม ประกอบด้วย 6 องค์ประกอบ ได้แก่ 2.1) หลักการ 2.2) วัตถุประสงค์ 2.3) กระบวนการพัฒนา มี 3 ขั้น ได้แก่ กระบวนการพัฒนาครูและบุคลากรทางการศึกษาโดยใช้เทคโนโลยีเป็นฐานบูรณาการชุมชนแห่งการเรียนรู้ทางวิชาชีพ เพื่อการจัดการเรียนรู้เชิงรุกสู่การยกระดับคุณภาพผู้เรียนในโรงเรียนสังกัดสังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษามัธยมศึกษามหาสารคาม มีการดำเนินงานตามขั้นตอน PLC ผ่าน T-SPMMB ขั้นตอนที่ 1 การเตรียมการ (Preparation : P) การวางแผนกลยุทธ์เพื่อทำเป้าหมายให้สำเร็จ (Strategic Planning : S) ขั้นตอนที่ 2 การเรียนรู้สู่การปฏิบัติจริง (Learning Activities : L) (1) การฝึกอบรมปฏิบัติการ (Practice : P) (2) การบริหารจัดการ (Management : M) มีการวางแผนกิจกรรม และการปฏิบัติกิจกรรม การแลกเปลี่ยนเรียนรู้แบบชุมชนวิชาชีพ การนิเทศ ติดตาม และตรวจสอบ และการประเมินผล (Evaluation) ขั้นตอนที่ 3 การปรับปรุงพัฒนาอย่างต่อเนื่อง (Continuous Improvement : C) (1) การเลือกวิธีการปรับปรุงพัฒนาและแก้ไขปัญหา (Method : M) (2) การคัดเลือกวิธีปฏิบัติที่เป็นเลิศ (Best Practice : B) 2.4) การวัดและประเมินผล 2.5) ระบบสนับสนุน และ 2.6) เงื่อนไขความสำเร็จ

Gender and Sexual Relation in Pluto : a Atory, a Planet, and Love Novel

Siriyakorn Kansuwan — Fri, 18 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to analyze the gender roles of femininity and masculinity of the main characters in the novel Pluto: A Story, a Planet, and Love, as well as to examine the sexual relationships of the main characters in the same novel. It is a qualitative documentary research presented through descriptive analysis. The research frameworks employed include Doyle’s (1991) concept of femininity and masculinity, and Jackson and Scott’s (1996) theory of sexuality. The findings reveal two key aspects of femininity: attention to physical appearance and being an ideal or accomplished woman. In contrast, three aspects of masculinity are identified: 1) rejection of femininity, 2) the necessity of achieving success, and 3) the expression of aggression. Regarding the sexual relationships of the characters, five characteristics are found: 1. Sexual preferences; 2. Sexual desires; 3. Sexual practices; 4. Discourses that create opportunities for sexual encounters; 5. Sexual attitudes, which can be categorized into two perspectives: a conservative perspective and a modern perspective.

Buddhism and the Changes in Thai Society

Phrakhrusutthamapirat (Sutmaphirato/Yueyong), Thanarat Sa-ard-iam — Mon, 21 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Ritual Traditions, Essence and Lost Meanings, Stories of Buddhist Ritual Traditions, Teachings Expand Perspectives in a Changing World, Teachings from the Story of “Narayana’s Ten Incarnations” Then Hindus believe that the Buddha is another incarnation of Narayana. Therefore, only recently, in the consciousness of Hindus, Buddhists, especially in the way of life of ordinary people, have been living together peacefully and exchanging cultures as usual. For example, the luxurious attire of Hindu guests at this time has been adapted from the attire of the Muslim royal court, while the Indian Muslim community has come to follow the caste system that it used to adhere to before the change. Where will the original pillars of the Sangha be in this “development” In the "development" era, it is directly related to the Sangha institution, to the failure of the organization to manage the problem of monks who behave in an unorthodox way and create networks with influential people to be involved, the crisis of the Sangha organization, the word "freedom" To act as a cover to protect oneself or to use in self-governance management before the new Sangha Act. The fact that the Sangha organization has no guidelines to manage the issues that arise within. For example, the issue of fake monks becoming monks, monks practicing unorthodox practices, and monks not being interested in the Dhamma. The 1996 Sangha Reform Act has been calling for a long time to reform the Sangha. We must find a way out of this problem. As follows: Return the monks and temples to the villagers to participate in their care. Temples must be under the supervision of the community. The weakness of the Sangha in terms of ideology, the Sangha's educational management, and the temples that have been passed down from ancient times must take on new roles. Monks and Society Monks and temples have played a significant role in providing social services from the past to the present. This is clearly evident, no matter how much society has changed. Reform of the Sangha 1999 The governance of the Thai Sangha is still not strong and unified. The weakness in the governance structure is ineffective.

Buddhist Paths in Tipitaka 1

Phrakhru Nimitrattanaphon, Thanarat Sa-ard-iam — Mon, 21 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

พรหมชาลสูตร (ว่าด้วยข่ายแห่งพระสัพพัญญุตญาณ) เป็นพระสูตรที่พระผู้มีพระภาคเจ้าตรัสปรารภสุปปิยปริพาชกกับพรหมทัตมาณพเรื่องชมและติ สามัญญผลสูตร เป็นพระสูตรที่ว่าด้วยประโยชน์แห่งการบวช คือ ประโยชน์ที่จะได้จากการดำรงเพศเป็นสมณะ 3 ระดับ อัมพัฏฐสูตร (ว่าด้วยชายหนุ่มชื่ออัมพัฏฐะ) สมัยหนึ่งพระผู้มีพระภาคเจ้า เสด็จจาริกไปในโกศลชนบท พร้อมด้วยภิกษุหมู่ใหญ่ บรรลุถึงพราหมณคามแห่งชาวโกศล ชื่ออิจฉานังคละ โสณทัณฑสูตร (คุณสมบัติของพราหมณ์) พระสูตรนี้เป็นการซักถามปัญหาระหว่างพระพุทธเจ้ากับโสณทัณฑพราหมณ์ว่า ผู้ประกอบด้วยคุณสมบัติอย่างไรบ้างผู้คนจึงเรียกเป็นพราหมณ์ กูฏทันตสูตร (ว่าด้วยเศรษฐศาสตร์การเมือง) พระพุทธเจ้าทรงเสด็จจาริกไปแคว้นมคธ พร้อมภิกษุ 500 รูป พระองค์เสด็จถึงหมู่บ้านขาณุมัต มหาลิสูตร (คุณวิเศษที่เห็นเป็นส่วน ๆ) มหาลิเข้ามาบวชเพื่อต้องการความเป็นทิพย์ ตรัสว่ามีธรรมอื่นที่ดีกว่าปราณีตกว่า ชาลิยสูตร (ว่าด้วยชีวะกับสรีระ) พระผู้มีพระภาคประทับ ณ โฆษิตาราม กรุงโกสัมพี นักบวช 2 คน คือ มัณฑิยปริพพาชกกับชาลิยะ มหาสีหนาทสูตร (ว่าด้วยการบริหารจัดองค์กร) พระพุทธเจ้าทรงประทับ ณ ราวป่าด้านทิศตะวันตกภายนอกพระนคร โอรสของเจ้าลิจฉวีนามว่าสุนักขัตตะลาสิกขาจากพระธรรมวินัย โปฏฐปาทสูตร (อัตตภาพ 3) พระสูตรที่โปฏฐปาทปริพาชก ทูลถามเรื่องอภิสัญญานิโรธ การดับสัญญาชั้นสูง สุภสูตร (ธรรมที่ทรงให้ประชาชนสมาทาน) พระอานนท์แสดงธรรมแก่สุภมาณพโตเทยยบุตรถึงธรรม เกวัฏฏสูตร (ปาฏิหาริย์ที่จักทรงแสดง) ทรงตรัสแก่เกวัฏฏบุตรคหบดีขณะประทับอยู่ในสวนมะม่วงของปาวาริกเศรษฐี โลหิจจสูตร (ความโลภอันชั่วร้าย) พระผู้มีพระภาคเสด็จจาริกไปในแคว้นโกศล พร้อมด้วยภิกษุสงฆ์ ซึ่งพระเจ้าปเสนทิโกศลพระราชทานให้โลหิจจพราหมณ์ครอบครอง เตวิชชสูตร (ทางและไม่ใช่ทาง) ปรารภวาเสฏฐะและภารทวาชมาณพได้สนทนากันถึงเรื่องทางและไม่ใช่ทาง

Buddhist Traditions and Rituals

Phrakhruphibunphatthanprasut, Thanarat Sa-ard-iam — Mon, 21 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The Origin of Thai Rituals and Traditions The origin of Thai rituals and traditions refers to rituals and traditions, activities that have been passed down for a long time. The origin of Thai rituals and traditions Thai people have a clear national identity, which can be divided into 2 types. Religious rituals and traditions and customs are valuable in giving Buddhists the opportunity to make merit, to do activities together, to have a cheerful mind, and to practice according to the beliefs of society. It is based on the ideas of the majority of people in society. Royal ceremonies and traditions refer to the Royal Ploughing Ceremony, Chulalongkorn Day, Chatramongkhon Day, Makha Bucha Day, Songkran, Visakha Bucha Day, the ordination of monks, Asarnha Bucha Day, and the Buddhist Lent Festival. Royal Kathin Ceremony, Rituals and Traditions about life include the hair-cutting ceremony, the 12 commandments, the ordination ceremony, the wedding ceremony, the welcoming ceremony, the naming of children, the house-building ceremony, the spirit house setting ceremony, the Khao Thip stirring ceremony, the foundation stone laying ceremony, the age-blessing ceremony, and the offering of food to monks. Making merit at auspicious occasions, making merit at inauspicious occasions, and ceremonies and traditions related to festivals and important days in Buddhism, such as Makha Bucha Day, Atthami Bucha Day, Visakha Bucha Day, Asarnha Bucha Day, and Khao Phansa Day. Candle casting ceremony, End of Buddhist Lent ceremony, Pha Pa offering ceremony, Mahachat sermon tradition, Buddha image burial ceremony, Thai New Year merit-making tradition, Sarat tradition, New Year's Day tradition, Songkran tradition, Loi Krathong tradition, and Phra pulling tradition.

ฺBuddhist Admisnistration

Phrakhrupariyatkitdhamrong, Thanarat Sa-ard-iam — Mon, 21 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The book “Buddhist Administration” contains the following contents: 1) Administration has been around since humans first started living together. The best administration is “Buddhist Administration”. The Buddha has established practices called “Sila” or “Vinaya”. In the management of the Sangha, there are three types: self-governance, world-government and Dhamma-governance. 2) Elements of Buddhist administration include self-governance, people management, work management, property management and time management. 3) The characteristics of a Buddhist administrator must have the principles of the Brahmavihāra (the principles for adults), namely, loving-kindness, compassion, sympathetic joy, and equanimity. They must be discerning, intelligent, and have a place to rely on. 4) Buddhist method of planning work decisively from the 5W1H elements: who, what, where, when, why and how. In Buddhist terms, it is called "Daily Buddhist Activities", Buddhist activities that the Lord Buddha performed regularly each day. 5) Buddhism for wise administrators includes the Brahmavihāra, Saṅgahavatthu, Sappurisadhamma, Direction, True Friend, Ten Royal Virtues, Rajasanghavatthu, Imperial Conduct, and Licchavi Parihaniya Dhamma, etc. 6) The Buddhist principles for winning the hearts of colleagues that the Buddha taught are called "Saṅgahavatthu", which include giving, loving speech, helpfulness, and unity. 7) Creating relationships between executives and subordinates: Executives should nurture subordinates and workers, and subordinates or employees should be considerate of their bosses or executives. 8) The most effective Buddhist method of judgment is the combination of facts and values, along with the principles of good people. 9) The Buddhist method of risk management that the Lord Buddha taught to be used in the management of an organization is called “Aparihāniyadhamma”, which includes meeting regularly, meeting together in unison, and not being arbitrary. Those who are adults, respect them, do not abuse their power, do not insult or despise each other, and set up protective measures. 10) The Buddha's clever method of managing knowledge began with the command for his disciples to go out and proclaim Buddhism. 11) Buddhist management method and the method of integration with modern management is called “4M principle” which includes Money, Management, Manpower and Machinery. And 12) Buddhist methods for creating sustainable organizations are considered components of the “Noble Path” and are important in developing the physical and verbal behavior of people to be pure.

Organizing 5E Inquiry-Based Learning with Board Games to Develop Achievement in Learning Literature on the Topic of Kap Ho Klong Praphas Than Thong Daeng for students Matthayom 2

Chamaiporn Suajiw, Aomthachit Pansri — Sat, 26 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this study were to 1) develop instructional plans for teaching the literary work Kap Ho Khloang Praphat Than Thong Daeng using the 5E inquiry-based learning model integrated with board games for Grade 8 students; 2) compare students’ academic achievement in Thai literature before and after the implementation of the instructional model 3) examine students’ satisfaction with the use of the 5E inquiry-based learning model integrated with board games in studying the literary work. The sample group consisted of 25 Grade 8 students enrolled in the 2024 academic year at Ban Mueang Kao “Sri Inthrathit” School, located in Mueang District, Sukhothai Province. The participants were selected using a simple random sampling method. The research instruments included four instructional plans, an academic achievement test on the selected literary work, and a questionnaire on learning satisfaction. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (paired-sample t-test).The results indicated that: 1) the instructional plans were rated as highly appropriate (x̄ = 4.80, S.D. = 0.05); 2) the students’ post-test scores were significantly higher than their pre-test scores at the .05 level of statistical significance 3) students reported a high level of satisfaction with the instructional method (x̄ =4.46, S.D.=0.41).

Development of Handwriting Kit with Electronic Books to Enhance Writing Skill in Children with Autism Spectrum

Khanittha Sombut, Korrawan Mongput — Sat, 26 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience developmental delays in language, communication, and fine motor skills. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a handwriting kit with electronic book to enhance writing skills in children with ASD. The target group consisted of seven children aged 5 to 8 years who had been diagnosed with ASD. The research instruments included the handwriting kit with electronic book, learning plans, and a handwriting assessment form. The program was conducted three times a week over a span of seven weeks. The results indicated that the efficiency index (E1) of the handwriting kit with electronic book was 80.73 and the efficiency index (E2) was 99.27, surpassing the established effective criteria of 80/80. The index of congruency (IOC) for the handwriting kit with electronic book was 1.00. Furthermore, the children with ASD exhibited statistically significant improvement with their handwriting skill in post-intervention (p<.05). In conclusion, children with ASD enrolled at the Regional Special Education Center 11, Nakhon Ratchasima, demonstrated improved handwriting skills after participating in the handwriting kit with electronic book.

Learning Management Based on Multimedia Learning Theory to Enhance Students’ Ability to Create Workpieces and Motivation to Learn in Grade 12 Students

Supasita Yenok, Ubonwan Songserm — Sat, 26 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the ability of Grade 12 students to create workpieces after learning management based on multimedia learning theory, and 2) to compare the students' motivation to learn before and after the implementation of learning management based on multimedia learning theory. This study employed a pre-experimental research design, specifically the One-Group Pretest–Posttest Design and the One-Shot Case Study. The sample group consisted of 42 Grade 12 students from Kamphaeng Saen Wittaya School, enrolled in the second semester of the 2024 academic year, selected through cluster random sampling. The research instruments included: 1) a learning management plan on "The Kingdoms of Animals and Plants" using multimedia learning theory, with a suitability index of 5.00; 2) a workpiece creation ability assessment form, with a suitability index of 4.33; and 3) a learning motivation assessment form, with a suitability index of 5.00. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, dependent t-test, and content analysis. The research findings were as follows: 1. The students' ability to create workpieces after learning management based on multimedia learning theory was evaluated at a good level (M = 2.74, S.D. = 0.19), confirming the first hypothesis. 2. The comparison of students' learning motivation before and after the learning management showed that the mean post-learning motivation score (M = 4.32, S.D. = 0.70) was higher than the pre-learning motivation score (M = 3.32, S.D. = 0.96), supporting the second hypothesis.

The Development of Multilevel Structural Equation Model of Creative and Innovation Ability for High School Students in Science and Mathematics Program

Amornpan Datong, Nattakan Prachanban — Sat, 26 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purposes of this research were 1) to develop a measurement model of Creative and Innovation ability and 2) to develop and validate a multilevel structural equation model of factors affecting Creative and Innovation ability for high school students in Science and Mathematics program. The sample consisted of 30 teachers and 600 high school students in Science and Mathematics program under the secondary educational service area office Phitsanulok Uttaradit in Phitsanulok province which from the same classrooms. The research instruments included the Creative and Innovation ability assessment and a questionnaire of factor influencing Creative and Innovation ability. These were 5-point rating scales. The data were analyzed using the frequency distributions, percentage, mean, standard deviation and multilevel structural equation modeling analysis using statistical software. The research findings were as follows 1) A measurement model of Creative and Innovation ability for high school students in Science and Mathematics program are consistent with empirical data and construct validity as shown by the model fit with empirical data. And 2) A multilevel structural equation model of factors affecting Creative and Innovation ability for high school students in Science and Mathematics program are consistent with empirical data and construct validity as shown by the model fit with empirical data. The statistical analysis showed further that, the individual-level are Openness to Experience (B=0.881) and Work Autonomy (B=0.399) and the classroom-level is Transformation Leadership (B=0.662).

Learning Management Based on Cognitive Flexibility Theory to Enhance Mathematical Communication Ability and Satisfaction of Grade 8 Students

Sutasinee Kawsumarng, Ubonwan Songsern — Sat, 26 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purposes of this research were to 1) compare the mathematical communication ability of Grade 8 students before and after learning management based on the Cognitive Flexibility Theory and 2) examine the satisfaction of Grade 8 students toward learning management based on the Cognitive Flexibility Theory. The sample group in this study consisted of Grade 8 students in the first semester of the academic year 2024, selected through Cluster Random Sampling, using a classroom as the unit of selection. One classroom was randomly chosen, consisting of 30 students. The research instruments used in this study included 1) two lesson plans based on the Cognitive Flexibility Theory, with a total duration of six hours, 2) a mathematical communication ability test, and 3) a satisfaction questionnaire on learning management based on the theory. The statistical methods used for data analysis were mean (x̄), standard deviation (SD), and t-test Dependent. The research findings indicated that the students who learned through the theory of cognitive flexibility demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in mathematical communication abilities at the .05 level and expressed the highest level of satisfaction with the learning model.

Relationships between Organizational Climate in School and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Teachers under Kamphaeng Phet Primary Education Service Area Office 1

Suwanan Nongluang, Taweesak Sawangmek — Mon, 05 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purposes of this research were to 1) study the organizational climate in schools, 2) examine the organizational citizenship behavior of teachers, and 3) investigate the relationship between the organizational climate in schools and the organizational citizenship behavior of teachers under the Kamphaeng Phet Primary Educational Service Area Office 1. The sample group consisted of 322 school administrators and teachers from schools within the same jurisdiction. The research instrument was a questionnaire using a 5-level Likert scale. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The findings revealed that the overall organizational climate in schools was rated at a high level, with "support" receiving the highest mean score and "reward" the lowest, both at a high level. Similarly, the overall level of teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior was high, with "organizational loyalty" rated at a very high level and "patience" at a high level. Finally, the study found a statistically significant positive correlation between the organizational climate in schools and the organizational citizenship behavior of teachers under the Kamphaeng Phet Primary Educational Service Area Office 1.

Digital Leadership of School Administrators Affects the Performance of Teachers in the New Normal Era, under the Office of the Nakhon Si Thammarat Municipality

Larptawee Leelatiwanon, Weerayut Chatakan, Akkara Thammatikul — Sat, 10 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to study the digital leadership of school administrators, the effectiveness of teachers' performance in the digital age, the impact of digital leadership on teachers' performance, and ways to develop digital leadership for school administrators under the jurisdiction of Nakhon Si Thammarat City Municipality. The sample group consisted of 260 teachers. Data analysis was conducted using percentage, mean, standard deviation, correlation coefficient, multiple regression, and content analysis. The research findings revealed that: 1. The overall digital leadership of school administrators, as well as in individual areas, was at a high level. The area of building digital networks for learning had the highest mean, while the area of creating a digital learning culture had the lowest mean. 2. The overall effectiveness of teachers' performance in the digital age, as well as in individual areas, was at a high level. The ability to develop oneself and the profession had the highest mean, while the ability to manage learning had the lowest mean. 3. The digital leadership of administrators had an impact on the effectiveness of teachers' performance in the digital age. It was found that creating a digital learning culture, building digital networks for learning, and professional digital use significantly affected teachers' performance at the .01 statistical level. 4. The development of digital leadership in school administrators is crucial for promoting teachers' performance in the digital age. This includes supporting infrastructure, appropriately using digital tools, administrators viewing the overall organization, planning and setting goals systematically, promoting staff involvement, and developing digital skills through systematic training and practical activities.

Administration Based on Good Governance and Competency of Administrators in School of Sakhonburi Consortium Under Samutsakhon Primary Educational Service Area Office

Wilasinee Thongsuk, Jutharat Nirundorn — Sun, 11 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research objectives were to 1) study administration based on good governance and competency 2) study the competency of administrators 3) study the relationship between good governance-based administration and competency of administrators in schools of Sakhonburi consortium under the Samutsakhon primary educational service area office. The sample was 148 persons. The used instrument in this research was a questionnaire concerning the relationship between good governance and competency of administrators in schools of Sakhonburi consortium under the Samutsakhon primary educational service area office 3. The used statistics for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The results of the research revealed that: 1) administration based on good governance of administrators in schools of Sakhonburi consortium under the Samutsakhon primary educational service area office, was at a high level in overall. 2) The competency of administrators in schools Sakhonburi consortium under the Samutsakhon primary educational service area office, was at high level in overall. 3) The relationship between administration based on good governance and competency of school administrators in Sakhonburi consortium under the Samutsakhon primary educational service area office, in general, was at a high level of positive relationship at .01 statistical significance.

Community Based Experiential Learning Activities to Develop Shallow Citizens to Know About Local Culture of Elementary School Students

Wachirawit Dechboon, Parinya Soithong — Sun, 11 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research is qualitative research with two objectives: 1) to study the current status and problems in the organization of learning about Laplae local food culture of social studies teachers, and 2) to develop experiential learning activities on a community basis to develop citizens who are aware of Laplae local food culture of primary school students. The target group consisted of 42 people, consisting of 3 social studies teachers, 3 people who are experienced in making Laplae local food, and 36 students in grade 3 of Uttaradit Kindergarten School. The research instruments used in the study were 1) an interview form on the current status and problems in the organization of learning about Laplae local food culture of social studies teachers, 2) an interview form on information about Laplae local food, and 3) guidelines for organizing experiential learning activities on a community basis to develop citizens who are aware of Laplae local food culture. The researcher analyzed the qualitative data using content analysis and synthesized descriptive writing. The research results found that 1) the current problems in the organization of learning about Laplae local food culture Currently, most of them follow the 2008 Basic Education Core Curriculum and the integration of local content into the subjects is limited. Most of the learning management is mostly lectures. 2) Knowledge gained from those who have experience in cooking Lablae food found that Lablae local food uses local ingredients, especially from the fence or available in season. It is easy to make and can be eaten all day long. 3) Experiential learning activities on the community base to develop citizens who are aware of Lablae local food culture. This is the integration of experiential learning concepts and community-based education concepts in the preparation of activity guidelines. The components include principles and reasons, activity objectives, content, activity guidelines, measurement and evaluation guidelines, and contents including basic knowledge of Lablae local food, Khao Kaep, Mee Pan, Mee Khuk, Lod Chong Kem, and Miang Wan. 4) Results of the activities The experiential learning activities on the community base to develop citizens who are aware of Lablae local food culture are divided into 3 aspects: In terms of knowledge, it was found that students have knowledge of Lablae local food and can explain the characteristics, components, steps, and methods of making Lablae local food. In terms of practical application, it was found that students were able to apply the knowledge they gained to actual practice. Students prepared the ingredients and followed the steps for making Laplae local food. In terms of desirable characteristics, it was found that students were able to apply the knowledge they gained and the experiences they gained in actual practice to their daily lives and help conserve and disseminate Laplae local food. Therefore, community-based experiential learning activities to develop aware citizens can be integrated in line with the local context to create a variety of learning activities, which will affect the organization of learning activities by teachers to be diverse, and students as learners will gain knowledge, experiences, and desirable characteristics.

The Development of Word Reading Abilities of Grade One Students by Using Learning PWIM and Gamification Technique

Nattaporn Mueanchoo, Namthip Ongrardwanich — Sun, 11 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research has the following objectives: 1) to develop a learning management plan using PWIM and gamification techniques to enhance the word reading abilities of Grade 1 students, 2) to compare the word reading abilities of Grade 1 students before and after studying, and 3) to study the satisfaction of Grade 1 students towards the use of PWIM and gamification techniques. The sample group in this research consisted of 40 Grade 1 students from Semester 2, Academic Year 2024, at Bantharnnamthip School, Thung Saliam District, Sukhothai Province. They were selected using a simple random sampling method, with the school as the sampling unit. The research instruments included: 1) A learning management plan using PWIM and gamification techniques, 2) A test to measure word reading abilities, and 3) A satisfaction interview form. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, percentage, and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The research results indicate that: 1) The development of the learning management plan using PWIM and gamification techniques was considered highly appropriate by experts (X̄ = 4.47, S.D. = 0.47), 2) The comparison of students' word reading abilities after studying showed a significant improvement compared to before studying at a statistical significance level of 0.05, and 3) Students were satisfied with learning through the use of PWIM learning management combined with gamification techniques.

Needs Assessment and Development of Digital Leadership of School under the Office of Phitsanulok Primary Education Service Area 1

Sila Dathong, Thirasak Uppamaiathichai — Sun, 11 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purpose of this research was to: 1) study the needs assessment, and 2) identify guidelines for the development of digital leadership for school administrators under the Office of Phitsanulok Primary Education Service Area 1. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 focused on studying the needs assessment for digital leadership development. The sample group consisted of 86 school administrators under the Office of Phitsanulok Primary Education Service Area 1, selected using Taro Yamane’s formula and proportional stratified random sampling across districts. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and the Priority Needs Index (PNI Modified). Phase 2 involved conducting in-depth interviews with 3 experts, selected by purposive sampling. The research instrument was the interview form. The results of the research showed that the overall desired condition of digital leadership for school administrators was at the highest level (x̅ = 4.53). The highest mean score was for digital literacy and communication (x̅ = 4.61), followed by digital culture creation at a high level (x̅ = 4.50). These results indicated a significant need for the development of digital leadership among school administrators.

Research on the Current Situation of Chinese Popular Vocal Music Major by Interview at Shenyang Conservatory of Music

Fei Yuhan, Nayos Sartjinpong — Sun, 11 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to examine the current situation of the Chinese popular vocal music major at Shenyang Conservatory of Music through qualitative interviews with five expert instructors. Findings reveal pedagogical practices combining traditional Chinese techniques and contemporary pop styles, challenges related to resources and curriculum, and the growing role of technology in vocal training. This paper used qualitative methods, including interviews, conducted by interviewing three qualified key informants. The result found that, Vocal teaching methods for Chinese popular vocal music majors at Shenyang Conservatory of Music. Shenyang Conservatory of Music offers a unique blend of traditional Chinese techniques and contemporary popular music styles to prepare students for the Chinese vocal music industry. The core teaching methods include breath control, pitch accuracy, vocal range expansion, and diction, as well as incorporating traditional Chinese musical elements. The school also focuses on lyrical interpretation, phrasing, and emotional expression, using techniques like dynamic contrast and vocal coloring. The curriculum is genre-specific, tailoring vocal techniques and styles to suit different genres. Technology is also integrated into the training process, providing real-time feedback on performance and practical skills applicable to studio recording, live performances, and digital content creation. The school's approach is rooted in language, cultural understanding, and multilingualism, enhancing students' ability to connect with diverse audiences. Shenyang Conservatory utilizes technology to enhance vocal training, incorporating vocal analysis software, recording technology, and digital platforms. The school uses a dedicated studio equipped with tools like Pro Tools and Logic Pro to adapt students' singing styles.

The Current Situation of Speech Level Singing Method in the Popular Singing Major at Xinghai Conservatory of Music, Guangzhou City

Tao Liming, Nayos Sartjinpong — Sun, 11 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This paper aims to study the current situation of speech level singing method in the popular singing major Xinghai Conservatory of Music Guangzhou City, Guangdong. This paper creates research tool, and interviews data research to find the effectiveness of the manual. This research employed a qualitative method, to use in-depth interviews three key informants from Xinghai Conservatory of Music, and classroom observations, to gather the opinions and experiences of students and teachers on the SLS singing method. In-depth interviews provide more detailed insights, while classroom observations observe the teaching process and student learning performance. The result found that, through continuous laryngeal alignment and seamless vocal register changes, The Speech Level Singing (SLS) method teaches vocalists to replicate natural speech with their vocal cords. Conclusion, Teachers must adapt The Speech Level Singing (SLS) method exercises to individual needs, break bad habits, balance technique and artistry, and adapt to diverse genres. The Speech Level Singing (SLS) method is relevant for speech and singing processing applications, such as natural vocal production and vocal health monitoring. It can also be integrated into apps that track vocal strain or fatigue, helping singers maintain healthy habits during practice and performance.

Community-Based Learning Activities on the Local History of Following the trail Mahasanook Swamp to Awaken Sawhan Swamp to Strengthen the Youth of Historical Communication for High School Students in Udon Thani.

Chonlathee Joynusnag, Parinya Soithong — Sun, 11 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purposes of this research were 1) to study current state local history learning arrangements of high school students in Udon Thani Province and 2) to create community-based learning management activities. To strengthen the youth of historical communication for high school students in Udon Thani Province. This qualitative research methodology by data were collected from the Sawhan Swamp archaeological site area, located in Chiang Phin Subdistrict, Mueang Udon Thani District, Udon Thani Province. The information was assemble through in-depth interviews with 9 community leaders and 6 history teachers. The research instruments included in-depth interview guidelines, and the information were analyzed using inductive content analysis combined with the Triangulation Method. The research findings revealed that students lacked knowledge and interest in local history. Most schools did not have a clear curriculum or instructional materials for teaching local history, and teachers placed insufficient emphasis on this subject. To address these issues, the researcher developed a set of learning activities entitled “Following the trail Mahasanook Swamp to awaken Sawhan Swamp” using the community as the foundation for learning. This approach provided students with direct learning experiences and stimulate active learning, The students participated in planning, implementation and communication of historical content by themselves. Teacher was responsible for designing the learning stations and facilitating a supportive environment for the activities. The activities contributed to the development of students’ learning competencies and promoted more favorable attitudes toward local history. The findings align with the Ministry of Education’s focus and policies on managing the core history curriculum outlined in the 2022 Basic Education Core Curriculum, which emphasizes fostering pride in the intellectual heritage of ancestors, preserving and developing it, and applying it meaningfully in contemporary society.

Guidelines for Using Information Technology to Develop the Educational Administration Process in Opportunity Expansion Schools in Phop Phra District, Tak Province

Aphiwat Yot-In, Suraphong Saengseemuk — Sun, 11 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research employed a mixed-method research design. The objectives were: 1) to examine the current conditions and challenges in using information technology for school administration in Opportunity Expansion Schools in Phop Phra District, Tak Province; and 2) to propose guidelines for enhancing the use of information technology in school administration within the same context. The investigation was implemented in two sequential phases. The sample comprised 231 school administrators and teachers from Opportunity Expansion Schools under the Tak Primary Educational Service Area Office 2, in conjunction with nine subject-matter experts. Data collection tools encompassed structured questionnaires and interview protocols. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics by frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation while qualitative data were examined through content analysis. Findings indicated that the overall level of information technology utilization in administrative practices was high ( x̄= 4.03). Among the assessed dimensions, reflective practice received the highest rating ( x̄= 4.13), followed by implementation ( x̄= 4.06), planning ( x̄= 4.02), design (x̄ = 4.01), and evaluation ( x̄= 3.92), respectively. Principal challenges encountered encompassed: insufficient budget allocation for technology procurement, misalignment between resources and actual needs, shortage of qualified mentors, inadequate inter-agency collaboration, and underdeveloped reflective mechanisms. Regarding the suggested interventions, educational institutions are encouraged to convene collaborative forums to analyze contextual factors and co-develop policies, visions, and strategic plans for comprehensive technology integration. Furthermore, information technology should be embedded across all levels of the curriculum, with sufficient budgetary support for the development of instructional media, innovation, and technological infrastructure. Online feedback mechanisms should be employed to assess the quality of school-community partnerships, thereby enabling inclusive stakeholder engagement and participatory decision-making in budget planning processes.

Community-Based Business Learning Activities to Promote Digital Entrepreneurship for Grade 6 Students

Pranpreeya Prathummed, Nattachet Pooncharoen — Mon, 12 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to explore and improve community business learning management for Grade 6 students in Ngewrai Subdistrict. Specifically, the objectives were: (1) to examine the current conditions and challenges associated with community business learning, and (2) to design and implement community-based learning activities that cultivate digital entrepreneurship skills. A qualitative research approach was employed, involving 17 participants: 12 students, 2 community business experts, and 3 teachers from Wattonchumsaeng school, located in Ngewrai Subdistrict, Taphanhin District, Phichit Province. Data were gathered using questionnaires, interviewing guidelines, and methodological triangulation to ensure data credibility. The data were then analyzed through inductive summary and descriptive recording. The findings revealed that: (1) existing community business learning faced challenges in four areas: a curriculum lacking integration of local knowledge, low student engagement and enthusiasm, assessment difficulties due to diverse student abilities, and a perceived lack of importance and development capacity regarding community businesses. (2) Community-based learning activities were developed, focusing on entrepreneurial knowledge, business skills, and digital competencies. These activities utilized the Ngewrai community as a learning environment, emphasizing active learning and real-life experiences. The outcomes demonstrated that students actively engaged in authentic learning, developed local products, and utilized online platforms for dissemination. This process significantly improved their problem-solving, decision-making, and self-directed learning skills, fostering a foundation for continuous development and sustainable learning.

Guidelines for the Development of Educational Institution Administration Based on the Principles of Good Governance under the Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 3

Comkrit Sriuttha, Somsak Poomkong , Tanasak Siripoonyanan — Tue, 13 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were to study: (1) the current conditions, the desired conditions, and the needs regarding school administration based on the principles of good governance in schools under the Office of Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area 3, and (2) guidelines for developing school administration according to the principles of good governance in schools under the same office. The research was divided into two phases. The first phase focused on investigating the current conditions, desired conditions, and needs, employing Krejcie and Morgan's table to identify a sample group of 297 teachers and school administrators. A questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale served as the research instrument. The index of item-objective congruence (IOC) ranged from 0.80 to 1.00. The discrimination power for each item regarding the current and desired conditions ranged from 0.40 to 0.86, and the reliability coefficient was 0.96. For the second phase, it involved developing guidelines for school administration based on good governance principles. This phase employed semi-structured interviews and an assessment form for evaluating the appropriateness and feasibility of the proposed guidelines. The data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, the Modified Priority Needs Index (PNImodified), and content analysis. Experts in educational governance (nine in total, selected through purposive sampling) evaluated the proposed guidelines, which were found to be at the highest level of appropriateness and feasibility. The results of the research were as follows: 1. The results for current conditions, desirable conditions, and needs assessment for school administration based on good governance principles in schools under Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 3 revealed that: The overall current conditions were at a high level (x̄= 4.10). When considered by aspect, it was found that the effectiveness principle was at the highest level (x̄= 4.29), and the equity principle was at the lowest level (x̄= 3.39). The overall desirable conditions for school administration based on good governance principles in schools under Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 3 were also at the highest level (x̄= 4.80). When considered by aspect, it was found that the equity principle was at the highest level (x̄= 4.87), and the participation principle was at the lowest level (x̄= 4.75). According to the needs assessment for school administration based on good governance principles in schools under Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 3, the accountability principle received highest ranking (PNIModified = 0.154), followed by transparency (PNIModified = 0.124), effectiveness (PNIModified = 0.119), rule of law (PNIModified = 0.116), participation (PNIModified = 0.112), and equity (PNIModified = 0.109), respectively. 2. The guidelines for developing school administration based on good governance principles in schools under Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 3 consisted of 6 aspects: 1) Accountability with 3 guidelines, 2) Transparency with 3 guidelines, 3) Effectiveness with 3 guidelines, 4) Rule of Law with 3 guidelines, 5) Participation with 3 guidelines, and 6) Equity with 3 guidelines, totaling 18 guidelines. The appropriateness was at the highest level (x̄= 4.83), and the feasibility was at the highest level (x̄= 4.75).

Guidelines for the Development of Child Development Center Management According to the Operational Standards of Child Development Centers under the Local Government Organizations in Kamphaeng Phet Province

Gittiya Akkahart, Somsak Poomkong , Tanasak Siripoonyanan — Tue, 13 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This mixed-methods study aimed to (1) assess the current, desired, and needed conditions for managing child development centers in accordance with the operational standards of local administrative organizations in Kamphaeng Phet Province, and (2) propose guidelines for improvement. The sample comprised 344 heads and teachers of child development centers, selected via stratified and simple random sampling based on Krejcie and Morgan’s table. Research instruments included a five-point Likert scale questionnaire, semi-structured interview protocols, and evaluation forms to assess the appropriateness and feasibility of the proposed guidelines. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (percentages, means, standard deviations), the Modified Priority Needs Index (PNImodified), and content analysis. The results indicated the following: 1. The current management conditions were rated at a high level overall (x̄ = 4.05), with academic and curriculum-based activities receiving the highest score (x̄ = 4.13), and infrastructure, environment, and safety the lowest ( x̄ = 4.00). 2. The desired conditions were rated at the highest level overall ( x̄ = 4.87), with the promotion of early childhood development networks receiving the highest score ( x̄ = 4.94), and center management the lowest (x̄ = 4.80). 3. The prioritized needs, based on PNImodified values, were as follows: promotion of early childhood development networks (0.233), academic and curriculum-based activities (0.223), participation and support (0.216), personnel (0.181), center management (0.180), and infrastructure, environment, and safety (0.180). 4. The proposed development guidelines encompassed six domains, each with three strategies, totaling 18 strategies. The appropriateness (x̄ = 4.77) and feasibility ( x̄ = 4.68) of the guidelines were both rated at the highest level.

Learners’ Attitudes Toward English Pronunciation and Their Ability to Distinguish Phonetic Features and Pronounce Vocabulary Before and After Completing a Course in English Articulatory Phonetics

Walaiporn Sasanapradit — Tue, 13 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This quasi-experimental study aimed to examine the relationship between students’ attitudes toward English pronunciation and their abilities to identify phonetic features and pronounce vocabulary before and after completing a course in English articulatory phonetics. The participants, selected through purposive sampling, consisted of 32 undergraduate English majors. Research instruments included (1) an attitude assessment questionnaire, (2) four phonetic discrimination tests, and (3) a set of vocabulary items. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including percentage, median, and mode. The findings revealed that students' attitudes toward English pronunciation improved significantly in a positive direction after completing the course. This change positively correlated with their enhanced phonetic discrimination abilities as assessed through listening and dictation activities, with post-test scores reaching very high levels—96.9%, 91.6%, 96.4%, and 90.6%, respectively. Pre-test scores ranged from low to moderate levels—67.5%, 43.4%, 58.9%, and 37.5%, respectively. Similarly, students’ pronunciation proficiency improved markedly. In pronunciation tasks involving the use of an English-English dictionary, students achieved the highest quality of performance, with a median score of 4.7 and a mode of 5. Prior to the course, their performance in pronunciation tasks using a Thai-English dictionary was at a moderately low level, with a median of 2.8 and a mode of 3. These findings demonstrate that ‘attitude’ plays a crucial role in students’ academic success alongside intellectual ability. A positive attitude toward English pronunciation significantly supports the improvement of students' abilities to identify phonetic features and pronounce English vocabulary.