@article{suwanmala_2020, title={Urban Life-Cycle: Growth, Decline, and Resilience}, volume={18}, url={https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/kpi_journal/article/view/244977}, abstractNote={<p>          An urban setting has its path, originates, grows, declines, and recovers or dies. The process of changes can be explained by internal and external factors, such as ecological and technological changes, as well as factors inhibited in the city. The present work is a case study of Potharam city, which has experienced at least two cycles of growth and decline during the past century. Potharam city grew up with locational advantages, being a center of regional transportation and endowed with rich natural resources. The city declined when transportation technology changed and the natural resources disappeared. Fire disaster and the excessively concentrated growth at the city center also contributed to the decline. Potharam Municipality played key role in reviving the city from the first downward spiral. The second recovery cycle is underway.</p>}, number={2}, journal={King Prajadhipok’s Institute Journal}, author={suwanmala, charas}, year={2020}, month={Oct.}, pages={66–86} }