CRRU Law, Political Science and Social Science Journal

Guidelines for Management Food Surplus in the community to Reduce Food Waste

Noppakate Saisombut — 2025-09-03

The problem of food surpluses and food waste is currently a major issue that has a significant impact on the environment, the economy and society worldwide. Therefore, this article examines the causes of food surpluses, which are one of the main causes of food waste in households, communities and society, in order to provide guidelines for their reduction and ways to recycle them. The concept of circular economy and the hierarchy of food waste were used to analyze the management approach. In this study, qualitative research methods were applied through literature review and document analysis, comparing successful practices abroad to transfer them to the context in Thailand.

It was found that there are 3 approaches to dealing with surplus food in communities to reduce food waste: (1) the concept of integrated preventive surplus food management, which focuses on mindful consumption behavior at the household level; (2) the 7-step conceptual model for surplus food management, from purchase planning to food recycling, which can be applied in the community; and (3) linking behavioral systems to policy making at the community level, which focuses on the participation of households, businesses, and government sectors.

The knowledge gained can guide the development of public policy in the areas of food safety, waste management and sustainable urban development. They can also serve as a model for the development of a municipal zero food waste prevention model that is compatible with the goal of sustainable development (12.3).

Special Economic Zones: Impacts and Community Struggles in Bunrueng, Chiang Khong District, Chiang Rai

Nattapong Rakngam — 2025-09-03

The designation of Boonruang Community Forest in Chiang Khong District as part of establishing an industrial estate under the government's Special Economic Zone (SEZ) policy has led to conflicts between the state and residents. From the government's perspective, the development of the Chiang Khong SEZ is a key instrument to attract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and foster economic growth. Consequently, transforming the community forest area, which the state views as "idle land" that does not generate economic revenue, into infrastructure to support cross-border trade and investment is perceived as a means to create new economic opportunities and bring prosperity to the border region.

While the villagers perceive Boonruang Forest as more than just a forest—a culturally significant area intertwined with their way of life—they exercise their Community Rights to protect and preserve their resources through various strategies. These included establishing the Boonruang Forest Conservation Group, compiling and presenting knowledge about the community forest through research, performing rituals and traditional practices to signify their bond with the forest, and conducting symbolic activities such as protests and public forums. They also collaborated with national and international environmental organizations to strengthen their efforts.

The community's determination brought widespread attention to the issue of conserving Boonruang Community Forest, ultimately pressuring the government to reconsider and halt the establishment of an industrial estate in the area. This victory highlights the power of communities to resist state authority and choose a development path that balances resource conservation with sustainable self-determination.

Human rights issue of persons holding Thai nationality under Section 23 of the Nationality Act B.E. 2508 (No. 4 B.E. 2551)

Pairush Teerachaimahit — 2025-09-03

Thailand has promulgated the Nationality Act, B.E. 2508 (revised number 4 in 2008), with the intent of amending is to guarantee the nationality rights of persons whose Thai nationality has been revoked as a result of Revolutionary Council Announcement No. 337, causing persons who had previously had their nationality revoked or not having nationality and includes the children of persons whose nationality has been revoked or whose nationality has been guaranteed the right to Thai nationality from the date of the promulgation of this law. However, the fact that people have been revoked or have not had their nationality for over 30 years has led to this group of people lacking opportunities to improve their quality of life. or access good opportunities in life or access good opportunities in life During the past period. Even though Thai nationality rights are guaranteed and various rights as provided and guaranteed by the laws of Thailand as a person who already has Thai nationality but there is no policy to compensate for the opportunities lost in improving the quality of life during the past period from the state. Therefore, this research has included studies and recommendations. The state should establish policies to compensate for the lack of opportunities to develop the quality of life that is lost, and the state should consider very carefully in formulating any laws that affect individual rights in order not to cause social and human rights problems as in the past.

Legal problems to Control the operation of The Edible-nest Swiftlet House

Wimonrat Saelee — 2025-09-03

The Edible-nest Swiftlet (The Aerodramus fuciphagus) is a protected wild animal under the Wild Animal Conservation and Protection Act, B.E. 2562 (2019) No. 857, whitce does not allow anyone to raise or possess it, but it can be collected of nests by reguesting permission from the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation. The Edible-nest Swiftlet are considered economic animals because their nests are highly valuaed, which is an important export product to China. Nowaday, there are more businesses operating The Edible-nest swiftlet houses, it affects the environment, communities and people in the nearly areas, such as smells, bird dropping, noise and disease.

This research aim to 1) Study the background and concept of the swiftlet house business, problems and impact arising from the swiftlet house business. 2) Study the Wild Animal Conservation and Protection Act, B.E. 2562 (2019), the Public Health Act, B.E. 2535 (1992), and the Building Control Act, B.E. 2522 (1979) which involve the operation of the swiftlet house business. 3) Study of the comparison of Thai law and Malaysian law in relation to swiftlet house 4) Study and analyze the legal issues involved in Controlling the problems arising from the operation of swiftlet house 5) Propose guidelines to improve the laws related to the operation of the swiftlet house to be more appropriate and effective.

The research results found that currently, there are no specific laws for the operation of the swiftlet house regarding permission to operate the business, specifying the location, the swiftlet house standards, healthy and environmental management systems. Therefore, there is still a lack of clarity and efficiency in supervision and control. The researcher believes that 1) The Law should be amended to make The Edible-nest Switflet (The Aerodramus fuciphagus) a protected wild animal that can be raised or bred to promote them as a commercial business to generate income for the community and the country. 2) There should be a specific law of enforce the operation of the swiftlet houses, specifying the details clearly. 3) There should be integration from all section, including business operation, local people, and officials from relevant government, to solve problems effectively and fairly for all parties.

Legal Issues regarding Tax Measures for Promoting Thai Startups under the Investment Promotion Act B.E. 2520 and the Enhancement of Competitiveness for Targeted Industries Act B.E. 2560: A Comparative Study with Singapore, Japan, and South Korea

Jarukit Ngamsomsong — 2025-09-03

The promotion of startups is one of key policies to enhance national economic competitiveness and foster innovation-driven growth. Many countries have implemented tax measures which are specifically designed to support startups. These tax measures include mitigating financial burdens and encouraging investment in high-growth enterprises. However, Thailand’s existing tax framework remains structurally inadequate and lacks clear implementation strategies, resulting in significant barriers to startup growth and competitiveness. This study critically examines legal framework governing tax measures for startup promotion in Thailand, focusing on the Investment Promotion Act B.E. 2520 and the Enhancement of Competitiveness for Targeted Industries Act B.E. 2560. A comparative analysis is conducted with Singapore, Japan, and South Korea. These specific countries have successfully implemented tax policies to support their startup ecosystems.

The findings reveal that Thailand's current tax measures do not adequately address the unique characteristics of startups. Key legal challenges include the absence of a clear legal definition of “startup,” inconsistencies and overlaps in tax incentives, constraints posed by Sections 31 and 36 of the Investment Promotion Act B.E. 2520, and the lack of a centralized regulatory body dedicated to startup development. In contrast, the examined countries provide well-defined legal classifications, streamlined tax incentives, and targeted regulatory frameworks that facilitate startup growth. Based on these findings, this study proposes clarifying the legal definition of startups, eliminating redundancy in tax measures, revising tax incentives to better support startup scalability, and establishing a dedicated governmental agency responsible for startup promotion. These policy adjustments are essential for enhancing the efficiency of Thailand’s startup ecosystem and strengthening its position in the global market.

Legal Challenges and Development Guidelines for Online Arbitration in Thai Insurance Business: A Case Study of the Office of the Insurance Commission (OIC)

Supissara Silacome — 2025-09-03

In the digital transformation era, where information and communication technology plays a crucial role, this article explores the factual and legal challenges surrounding online arbitration in the insurance industry under the supervision of the Office of Insurance Commission (OIC) in Thailand. The research employs a documentary analysis method, examining relevant laws and regulations and comparing them with international practices, such as those of the Singapore International Arbitration Centre (SIAC), to identify legal gaps and propose improvements that enhance fairness, efficiency, and alignment with Thailand 4.0 policies.

The study finds that implementing online arbitration in the Thai insurance sector faces several legal limitations. A key issue lies in the unique characteristics of the OIC arbitration process, which is state-initiated without requiring a prior agreement between parties—potentially excluding it from the definition of “arbitration” under Thai law. Moreover, the legal status of the OIC’s arbitral awards remains unclear, raising concerns about their enforceability. Additionally, current legal frameworks do not clearly support state-operated online arbitration procedures. A comparison with SIAC highlights differences in standards, procedures, and technological applications, offering valuable insights for Thailand’s future development in this area.

The study recommends the enactment or amendment of laws to specifically accommodate online arbitration, with clear guidelines for electronic document submission, online witness examination, and remote hearings. It also suggests integrating these procedures with the Electronic Transactions Act B.E. 2544 (2001) to ensure validity and credibility. Finally, developing internationally standardized, secure, transparent, and accessible IT systems is essential to effectively enforce electronic arbitral awards and modernize Thailand’s arbitration system.

Management mechanism to reduce violence among psychiatric patients according to human rights principles by using community-based in Udon Thani Province

Sudarat Pengkham — 2025-09-03

This research aimed to study, develop, and disseminate management mechanisms for reducing violence among psychiatric patients, grounded in human rights principles and utilizing a community-based approach in Udon Thani Province. The study employed a mixed-methods research design, integrating both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Data collection involved documentary research, field surveys using questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions.

The research population comprised 60 key informants, 200 local stakeholders in the target area, and 20 experts. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data underwent content analysis.

The study's findings revealed: 1) The community lacked management mechanisms for preventing violent incidents involving psychiatric patients in accordance with human rights principles under legal provisions, based on a community-based approach in Udon Thani Province. 2) A management mechanism was developed to reduce violence among psychiatric patients based on human rights principles, utilizing a community-based approach. This involved integrating cooperation between government agencies and local communities, including the establishment of local working committees, the application of telemedicine technology systems, and a proposed amendment to Section 21, first paragraph, of the Mental Health Act B.E. 2551. Specifically, for patients over eighteen years of age, consent for treatment should include not only the patient but also stakeholders or individuals as specified under Section 21, third paragraph. 3) The effectiveness of training and transferring the management mechanism to prevent violence from psychiatric patients to community leaders and individuals involved in their care showed that learning outcomes after the transfer of knowledge were significantly higher than before the activity. Before training, the mean was x̄ = 4.8 (S.D. = 1.41); after training, x̄ = 8.52 (S.D. = 1.00), with an overall mean of x̄ = 6.66 (S.D. = 1.20).

Citizen Participation in Border Security Policy Processes: Thailand-Myanmar Border Tak Province

Khomsan Nakwangsai — 2025-09-03

This research aims to study: (1) the current state of citizen participation in the Thai-Myanmar border security policy process, (2) the factors influencing citizen participation in the Thai-Myanmar border security policy process, and (3) approaches to enhance citizen participation in the Thai-Myanmar border security policy process. The study focuses on Tak Province as a case study due to its economic significance as a border area and the importance of border crossings, which are considered new forms of comprehensive security. This research employed a qualitative research methodology, guided by the concept of citizen participation and the concept of border regime development. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with key informants in Tak Province. The study found limited citizen participation in Thai-Myanmar border security, mainly in project implementation and information sharing. However, the use of informal local relationships was observed to address issues and drive government measures, indicating the dynamics of citizen participation in the border area, which may differ from formal participation or participation in other areas. Factors impacting participation include kinship ties, economic growth, and the situation in Myanmar. The research suggests enhancing participation through improved understanding and cooperation among stakeholders and developing mechanisms for citizen involvement at all levels.

Self- Construction and tactics for creating humor by “Juree” on TikTok, “Lang Lao Channel”

Rungrat Thongsakul — 2025-09-03

This research aimed to study self- construction and tactics for creating humor on TikTok, Lang Lao Channel. Data were collected from “TikTok, Lang Lao Channel” where 683 video clips were presented during 21 April 2021 to 31 October 2022, 82 video clips were selected using a purposive sampling method. The selected clips were transcribed and contextual information was documented. The data were then categorized and analyzed, with a focus on self-construction, identity, and the strategies used to create humor. The research results revealed that 1. Self-construction according to the role of “Juree” was full of interesting content created for audiences so that they are able to follow through appearance, clothing, accessories, habits, behavior and the use of Thai southern dialect. The presentation of southern culture made audiences to see “Juree’s identity” explicitly. 2.There were 13 tactics for creating humor, i.e.1) exaggeration in 116 messages, 2) language usage in 69 messages, consisting of the use of idioms, creating puns, creating new words, 3) parody in 46 messages, 4) deviation in 35 messages, 5) the use of conflict in behavior in 32 messages, 6) analogy in 31 messages, 7) indecency of something or someone in 25 messages, 8) plot twist in 19 messages, 9) the use of messages displayed at the wrong time in the wrong place in 18 messages, 10) modification of the severity of a situation to be distorted from the fact in 12 messages, 11) captivating the audiences in 11 messages, 12) the use of mistakes in 10 messages and 13) switching player characters in 7 messages The findings highlight how local identity is communicated through online media in ways that foster a deeper understanding of local culture, while also being effectively adapted to produce humorous content that resonates with and entertains viewers.

Assessment of water balance potential for effective water management in the Kok River Basin Chiang Rai Province

Ithiphat Rueangkitwat — 2025-09-03

This research objective to assess land use and water use from land use and assess water balance of the Kok River. Chiang Rai Province area. Based on field survey data and using geographic information systems

The research results found that the Kok River Basin in Chiang Rai Province has an area of 1,910.46 square kilometers or 1,194,027.31 rai. The land use and land cover characteristics are mostly deciduous forests, paddy fields, corn fields, Urban and buildings areas, and Para rubber plantations, with an area of 340,043.68 rai, 277,597.56 rai, 128,878.47 rai, 122,426.93 rai, and 76,138.61 rai, respectively. And the amount of water found that the Kok River area in Chiang Rai Province has 14,132,812.33 square meters, or 8,833.01 rai, has an average water surface depth of 3.30 meters. The spatial characteristics of the river have a capacity to store water at 46,638,280.67 cubic meters and water use was 1,833,880.11 cubic meters. This results in the amount of water used being lower than the spatial capacity of the Kok River. However, This is only an assessment of water use from land use within 2 kilometers from the river.