Phimoldhamma Research Institute Journal

Strengthening the Network for Organizing Cultural Tourism and Creative Wisdom Management Along the Border in Loei Province

2025-05-15T15:21:48+07:00

The objectives of this qualitative research were: 1) to study the context of cultural tourism resources and creative local wisdom in Loei Province; 2) to examine the participatory process of strengthening networks for managing cultural tourism and creative local wisdom along the border areas of Loei Province; and 3) to propose guidelines for strengthening networks for the management of cultural tourism and creative local wisdom along the border areas of Loei Province. The research instruments consisted of in-depth interviews conducted in two communities, with 15 participants (monks and laypeople) from each community, totaling 30 participants, as well as focus group discussions involving 15 participants. The data were analyzed using inductive reasoning and descriptive analysis.
The research findings revealed that:
1. The cultural tourism and creative local wisdom sites along the border areas of Loei Province, adjacent to the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, comprise two main communities: Wat Phra That Satja Community, Tha Li Sub-district, Tha Li District, and Ban Tha Dee Mee Community, Pak Tom Sub-district, Chiang Khan District, Loei Province. Both communities demonstrate distinctive characteristics in managing cultural tourism resources.
2. The participatory network-building process for managing cultural tourism and creative local wisdom along the border areas involves collaboration among various partner organizations. The process begins with coordinating relevant stakeholders, holding stakeholder meetings, selecting community network committees, and managing and administering the network effectively.
3. The guidelines for strengthening networks for the management of cultural tourism and creative local wisdom along the border areas of Loei Province emphasize the establishment of a clear vision and defined roles and responsibilities of the network working committees. These guidelines integrate the application of Aparihāniya-dhamma (the Buddhist principles of non-decline) to promote integrated management, enhance network strength, and support sustainable community development.

Study of the Problems of Student Care Management System of Educational Institutions Under the Office of the Primary Education Area

2025-04-30T16:46:25+07:00

The objectives of this research were to: 1) study the conditions and problems of student care and support system management in educational institutions under the Office of the Primary Education Area; and 2) compare problems of student care and support system management according to teachers’ opinions, classified by age and work experience. This study employed a survey research design. The sample consisted of 400 teachers responsible for student care and support systems in educational institutions under the Office of the Primary Education Area. The research instrument was a questionnaire using a five-point rating scale, with a reliability coefficient of 0.99. The statistics used for data analysis included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
The research findings revealed that:
1. the conditions and problems of student care and support system management were at a high level overall and across all aspects.
2. comparisons based on teachers’ age showed statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level in overall and individual aspects. Regarding work experience, no significant differences were found overall; however, when considering individual aspects, particularly in knowing students individually, teachers with different work experiences showed significantly different levels of problems in student care and support system management.

Development of a Training Curriculum based on Buddhist Principles Combined with Coaching to Enhance Learning Management Skills by Vuddhidhamma for the Small Primary School Moral Teaching Monks in Khon Kaen Province

2025-09-17T16:45:06+07:00

This research aimed to: 1) develop a training curriculum based on Buddhist principles combined with coaching to enhance learning management skills using the Vuddhidhamma approach for moral teaching monks in small primary schools, and 2) study the implementation results of the developed curriculum. This was a research and development study conducted in two phases: Phase 1: curriculum development, and Phase 2: study of curriculum implementation. The sample consisted of 30 moral teaching monks affiliated with the Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Khon Kaen Campus, selected using purposive sampling. The research instruments included the training curriculum, a knowledge test, an assessment of learning design ability, an assessment of learning management ability, and a satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and paired-samples t-tests.
The findings were as follows:
1. The developed training curriculum comprised six components: principles, curriculum objectives, curriculum content structure, training process, training media, and measurement and evaluation. Expert evaluations indicated that the curriculum had the highest level of suitability overall.
2. The results of the curriculum implementation revealed that the moral teaching monks had a significantly higher level of knowledge and understanding of learning management using the Vuddhidhamma approach after the training compared to before the training (p < .01); their ability to design learning management using Vuddhidhamma was assessed at a very good level; their ability to manage learning using Vuddhidhamma was at the highest level; and their satisfaction with the training curriculum was also at the highest level.

Community Enterprise Group Development with the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy in Ubonrat District, Khon Kaen Province

2025-09-18T14:46:37+07:00

This study aimed to: (1) examine the operations of community enterprise groups in Ubonrat District, Khon Kaen Province; (2) investigate the development of these groups based on the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy; and (3) propose development guidelines for community enterprise groups grounded in the principles of the Sufficiency Economy. A qualitative research method was employed, collecting data through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with 22 key informants. The data were analyzed using content analysis.
The findings revealed that:
1. Community enterprise operations can be categorized into four types: (1) genuine participatory groups, (2) semi-family-based groups, (3) government project-based groups, and (4) agency-supported groups. Their operations encompassed production, distribution, and management. Strong community enterprises were able to develop product standards, create employment, and enhance food security within their communities. However, most groups still faced challenges related to management, knowledge, and continuity of operations.
2. The development of community enterprises based on the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy emphasized the principles of “moderation, reasonableness, and self-immunity,” along with the conditions of knowledge and morality. Groups with strong leadership and understanding of the philosophy applied these principles through participatory processes and operations aligned with community capacity. Nevertheless, many groups lacked a profound understanding of the philosophy, resulting in inconsistent implementation.
3. Development guidelines consist of three phases: (1) the Establishment Phase, which focuses on selecting qualified committee members and utilizing local resources efficiently; (2) the Growth Phase, which emphasizes management of people, work, capital, community, and self-development; and (3) the Sustainability Phase, which aims to strengthen networks, foster a learning culture, and promote good governance alongside social and environmental responsibility.

The Development of Game-Based Learning Management Combined with Demonstration Teaching to Promote Learning Achievement in The Subject of Introduction to E-Commerce for First Year Vocational Certificate Students in Digital Business Technology

2025-09-30T16:22:39+07:00

The objectives of this research were;1) to develop game-based learning management combined with demonstration teaching to promote learning achievement in the subject of introductory e-commerce for 1st year Vocational Certificate students in Digital Business Technology, to be effective according to the specified criteria of 80/80, 2) to compare the learning achievement results using games as a base together with demonstration teaching, Introduction to e-commerce for First Year Vocational Certificate students in Digital Business Technology. The sample group is 1st year vocational certificate students, Digital Business Technology program, Chonburi Technology College, currently studying in the second semester of 2024, there are 2 classrooms, where the experimental group is 35 students from room DB.1/2 and the control group is 35 students from room DB.1/3, totaling 70 students. using Random Sampling. This research Quasi-Experimental Research Design. The research instruments were 1. The experimental instruments consisted of 1) learning management using games as a base combined with teaching demonstrations, 2) learning management plans using games as a base combined with teaching demonstrations, 6 plans, totaling 12 hours. 2. The instrument used for data collection: The achievement test is a multiple-choice test with 4 choices and 30 questions. The statistics used in the data analysis comprised the arithmetic mean, standard deviation and percentage.
The research results were found that:
1. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the learning management of the control group equal to 82.63 percent and the efficiency assessment results of the experimental group equal to 94.60 percent, which shows that game-based learning management combined with demonstration teaching was effective according to the specified criteria of 80/80.
2. The academic achievement score of the control group was 24.79 points and the average score of the experimental group was 28.38 points, when comparing the scores of the experimental group it was significantly higher than the control group management at the .05 statistical level.

Developing a School Administration Model Based on Buddhist Principles for Buddhist Schools in Chiang Mai Province

2025-09-29T16:13:28+07:00

The objectives of this research were to: (1) examine the current and expected conditions of educational management based on Buddhist principles in Buddhist schools in Chiang Mai Province; (2) investigate the essential needs of Buddhist schools in Chiang Mai; (3) develop a school administration model based on Buddhist principles for Buddhist schools; and (4) evaluate the appropriateness and feasibility of the proposed model. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating both quantitative and qualitative data collection. The population consisted of 2,745 administrators, teachers, and related stakeholders, from which 1,160 participants were purposively selected as the sample. The research instruments included questionnaires, interviews, and assessment forms. Data were analyzed using basic statistics percentage, mean, standard deviation, the Priority Needs Index (PNI _Modified), and content analysis.
The findings revealed that:
1. The overall current and expected conditions were at a high level ( = 4.34, S.D. = 0.82). The highest rating was found in Buddhist Holy Day activities ( = 4.54, S.D. = 0.47), while community participation received the lowest rating ( = 4.21, S.D. = 0.71).
2. The overall essential needs indicated a Priority Needs Index of 0.101, with the highest need in the physical aspect, whereas the behavioral aspect of administrators, teachers, and students showed the lowest need.
3. The developed school administration model based on Buddhist principles consisted of five components: physical aspect, instructional aspect, behavioral aspect of administrators and teachers, Buddhist Holy Day activities, and Buddhist-oriented promotion activities. The model was supported by three strategic elements: Buddhist-based administration, management aligned with the Threefold Training (Trisikkhā), and community participation.
4. The evaluation results showed that the overall appropriateness and feasibility of the model were at a high level, with the physical aspect and instructional aspect demonstrating the highest feasibility.

Administrative Factors Affecting Proactive Learning Management of Teachers in Schools under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Chaiyaphum

2025-09-29T16:08:03+07:00

This research aimed to: 1) examine administrative factors related to teachers’ proactive learning management, 2) investigate the level of teachers’ proactive learning management, 3) analyze the relationship between administrative factors and teachers’ proactive learning management, and 4) identify administrative factors affecting teachers’ proactive learning management in schools under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Chaiyaphum. This study employed a correlational research design. The population consisted of 1,699 teachers working in schools under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Chaiyaphum in the 2024 academic year. The sample comprised 313 teachers, selected using the Krejcie and Morgan table and stratified random sampling based on school size. The research instrument was a questionnaire on administrative factors
related to teachers’ proactive learning management, including academic leadership, organizational structure, administrative policy, organizational culture, personnel development, and information technology utilization. The reliability coefficients of these factors ranged from .90 to .97. The questionnaire measuring teachers’ proactive learning management had a reliability coefficient of .98. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s product–moment correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis.
The research findings revealed that:
1. The overall level of administrative factors related to teachers’ proactive learning management was at a high level, with administrative policy having the highest mean score.
2. The overall level of teachers’ proactive learning management was at the highest level, with learning activity management showing the highest mean score.
3. Administrative factors were positively correlated with teachers’ proactive learning management at a moderate level, with statistical significance at the .01 level.
4. Information technology utilization, administrative policy, and academic leadership were significant predictors of teachers’ proactive learning management at the .01 level, collectively accounting for 43.4 percent of the variance in teachers’ proactive learning management.

Academic Administration Strategy in the Bani World Era of Schools under Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 5

2025-05-16T15:47:15+07:00

This research aimed to 1)examine the current condition, desired condition, and priority needs of academic administration in the BANI World era, and 2) propose academic administration strategies for schools under the Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 5. A mixed methods research design was employed. In Phase 1, quantitative data were collected from a sample of 337 school administrators and teachers selected from a population of 2,120 using Yamane’s formula with a sampling error of .05 and stratified random sampling. In Phase 2, qualitative data were obtained from three experts through semi-structured interviews. The research instruments included a five-point rating scale questionnaire with a content validity index ranging from 0.67 to 1.00 and a reliability coefficient of 0.87, as well as a semi-structured interview form. Data were analyzed using frequency, mean, standard deviation, and the Priority Needs Index.
The research findings revealed that:
1. The overall current condition of academic administration was at a moderate level, with educational adaptability showing the highest mean score, while the overall desired condition was at a high level, particularly in terms of curriculum flexibility. The most urgent needs were future skills development, flexible curriculum adjustment, and learning management innovation, respectively.
2. The academic administration strategies in the BANI World era comprised five strategies: enhancing future skills of administrators and teachers, accelerating curriculum flexibility, developing learning management innovations through modern technology, strengthening managerial paradigms and technological systems, and promoting educational adaptability among administrators and teachers in the digital age.

Administrative Factors Affecting the Operation of World-Class Standard School in Schools Under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Surat Thani Chumphon

2025-09-29T16:06:13+07:00

This research aimed to: (1) examine administrative factors related to the implementation of World-Class Standard Schools; (2) investigate the implementation of World-Class Standard Schools; (3) analyze the relationship between administrative factors and the implementation of World-Class Standard Schools; and (4) identify administrative factors influencing the implementation of World-Class Standard Schools in educational institutions under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Surat Thani–Chumphon. The study employed a quantitative research design. The sample consisted of 341 teachers, selected based on Krejcie and Morgan’s sample size table and stratified random sampling according to school size. The research instruments included questionnaires measuring five administrative factors-administrative leadership, organizational climate, organizational culture, management, and learning management-with reliability coefficients of .93, .84, .87, .86, and .92, respectively. The questionnaire assessing the implementation of World-Class Standard Schools had a reliability coefficient of .98. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis.
The research findings revealed that:
1. Administrative factors in school under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Surat Thani Chumphon were rated at the high level. The learning management, the organizational culture, the administrative management, and the organizational atmosphere were rated at the highest level. The leadership of executives were rated at the high level;
2. The operational of international standard schools were rated at the highest level which were ranked by workforce, results, operation, measurement analysis and knowledge management, student and stakeholder, strategic and leadership;
3. Administrative factors related the operational of international standard schools correlated positively at the high level, which as significant at the .01 level (r = .900) and
4. Administrative factors affecting the operational of international standard schools consists of 5factors were the administrative management (X₄), the learning management (X₅), the organizational culture (X₃), the leadership of executives (X₁) and the organizational atmosphere (X₂), respectively. These factor were significant predictors of the operational of international standard schools and they could explain 81.7% of the variance (p = .01). The regression equation is formulated as follows:
Y₁ = 1.039 + 1.961(X₄) + 1.543(X₅) + 1.232(X₃) + .813(X₁) + .630(X₂)
Z₁= .303(X₄) + .270(X₅) + .190(X₃) + .143(X₁) + .126(X₂)

The Relationship Between Academic Administration and Student Quality According to the Educational Standards of Schools under Chaiyaphum Primary Educational Service Area Office 2

2025-09-30T16:20:10+07:00

The objectives of this research were to: 1) study the academic administration of schools, 2) examine the student quality according to educational standards, and 3) investigate the relationship between academic administration and student quality according to educational standards of schools under Chaiyaphum Primary Educational Service Area Office 2. The research was a quantitative correlational study. The samples consisted of 327 school administrators and teachers selected by Taro Yamane’s formula using a stratified random sampling method. The research instrument was a five-point rating scale questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.97 for academic administration and 0.98 for student quality, resulting in an overall reliability of 0.98. The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient.
The research findings revealed that:
1. Academic administration of schools was rated at a high level overall. When considering each aspect, the practices ranked from the highest to the lowest average values were: teaching and learning management, measurement and evaluation and credit transfer, school curriculum development, development and use of educational media and technology, and educational supervision.
2. Student quality according to educational standards was rated at a high level overall. The ranking from highest to lowest average scores included: reading, writing, communication, and calculation abilities; knowledge, basic skills, and positive attitude toward occupation; ability to use information and communication technology; learning achievement according to the school curriculum; analytical and critical thinking skills; and innovation creation ability.
3. The relationship between academic administration and student quality according to educational standards was found to be positive and at a high level, with statistical significance at the .01 level (r = .741). The strongest relationship was found between the development and use of educational technology media and the ability in reading, writing, communication, and calculation, while the weakest relationship was between educational supervision and innovation creation ability.

Innovative Leadership Components of School Administrators Responding to Changes in the BANI World Era under Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 4

2025-04-20T19:29:51+07:00

The objectives of this research were to 1) analyze the components of innovative leadership of school administrators responding to changes in the BANI World era and 2) confirm the factor structure of innovative leadership of school administrators responding to changes in the BANI World era under Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 4. This study employed a descriptive research design. The sample consisted of 500 school administrators and teachers selected through stratified random sampling. The research instruments included a 5-point rating scale questionnaire with content validity indices ranging from 0.67 to 1.00 and a reliability coefficient of 0.974, as well as a semi-structured interview. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
The research findings revealed that:
1. The exploratory factor analysis identified four components of innovative leadership, ranked by factor loadings as follows: creating an innovative organizational climate, teamwork and participation, innovative creativity, and visionary innovative management.
2. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the measurement model was well fitted to the empirical data, with χ² = 51.621, p-value = 0.172, SRMR = 0.009, RMSEA = 0.020, CFI = 0.999, and TLI = 0.998, all meeting the acceptable criteria. These findings confirm that the innovative leadership component model is appropriate for explaining innovative leadership of school administrators in the BANI World era at the .01 level of statistical significance.

Guidelines for Being Professional Learning Community in Schools under Nakhon Phanom Primary Educational Service Area Office 1

2025-05-16T15:45:27+07:00

The objectives of this research were: 1) to examine the current situation of Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) in schools, and 2) to study guidelines for being Professional Learning Communities in schools. A mixed-methods research approach was employed. The sample consisted of 39 school administrators and 297 teachers, totaling 336 participants from 249 schools under the Nakhon Phanom Primary Educational Service Area Office 1. The sample size was determined using stratified sampling. The research instruments included a five-point rating scale questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. Quantitative data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, median, and interquartile range, while qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis.
The research findings revealed that:
1. The overall level of being Professional Learning Communities in schools, as well as in each aspect, was at a high level ( = 4.38, S.D. = 0.56). The aspect of professional learning and development recorded the highest mean score ( = 4.40, S.D. = 0.57), followed by shared vision ( = 4.39, S.D. = 0.57), caring community ( = 4.38, S.D. = 0.59), shared leadership ( = 4.38, S.D. = 0.58), supportive community structure ( = 4.37, S.D. = 0.59), and collaborative teamwork ( = 4.36, S.D. = 0.59).
2. The guidelines for being Professional Learning Communities in schools consisted of six key components, ranked from the lowest to the highest mean as follows: 1) shared vision, 2) collaborative teamwork, 3) professional learning and development, 4) caring community, 5) supportive community structure, and 6) shared leadership. These guidelines were found to be appropriate and can be effectively applied to strengthen and enhance Professional Learning Communities in schools.

The Needs for Drug Prevention and Solution Operations in Schools under Chaiyaphum Primary Educational Service Area Office 2

2025-05-16T16:23:27+07:00

The purposes of this research were: 1) to examine the current and desired conditions of the prevention and resolution of drug problems in schools; 2) to identify the priority needs for developing the implementation of drug prevention and resolution in schools; and 3) to propose guidelines for the prevention and resolution of drug problems in schools under the Chaiyaphum Primary Educational Service Area Office 2. This study employed a quantitative research approach. The sample consisted of 327 school administrators and teachers responsible for drug-related work in schools. The sample size was determined using proportional stratified sampling based on school size and calculated according to Yamane’s formula at a .05 level of sampling error. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted with three experts, including the Director of the Primary Educational Service Area Office, school principals, and personnel responsible for drug-related work in schools. The research instruments included a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, the modified Priority Needs Index (PNI _modified), and descriptive content analysis.
The research findings revealed that:
1. The overall current condition of the prevention and resolution of drug problems in schools was at a high level ( = 3.67), while the overall desired condition was at the highest level ( = 4.52).
2. The priority needs for developing the prevention and resolution of drug problems in schools showed modified Priority Needs Index (PNI _modified) values ranging from 0.20 to 0.70.
3. The guidelines for the prevention and resolution of drug problems in schools consisted of four aspects: 1) core teachers (five guidelines), 2) surveillance (four guidelines), 3) development of the drug prevention and resolution system (four guidelines), and 4) prevention and resolution of drug problems (five guidelines).

Development of Information Technology Utilization Model for Academic affairs Administration of Early Childhood Level in Medium-sized Schools under the Foundation of the Church of Christ in Thailand

2025-04-30T16:47:25+07:00

This research aimed to: 1) study the current state of information technology utilization for academic administration in medium-sized early childhood schools, 2) design and develop a model for IT utilization in early childhood academic administration, 3) experimentally implement the developed model, and 4) evaluate the model's effectiveness, efficiency, and value. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) methodology. The population consisted of 8 medium-sized schools under the Church of Christ in Thailand Foundation. Data was collected from 5 informants per school, totaling 40 individuals, including directors, academic assistants, and early childhood teachers, who were selected by purposive sampling. Wattana Wittaya Academy was chosen as the experimental school, with 12 participants: the director, academic assistants, and early childhood teachers. Data collection tools included questionnaires on current problems, a model evaluation form, and a form to assess the model's effectiveness, efficiency, and value. Statistical analyses included percentage, mean, standard deviation, and dependent t-tests.
The research findings revealed that:
1. Current State of IT Utilization for Early Childhood Academic Administration: Overall, the problems encountered were at a high level ( = 4.22, S.D. = 0.52). Ranked from highest to lowest mean, these were: supervision and monitoring ( = 4.31, S.D. = 0.51), evaluation ( = 4.28, S.D. = 0.51), learning experience management ( = 4.17, S.D. = 0.54), and planning ( = 4.14, S.D. = 0.52).
2. Model Design and Development: The developed model comprised four operational components: 1) Planning, 2) Learning Experience Management, 3) Supervision and Monitoring, and 4) Evaluation.
3. Comparison of Experimental Results: The post-experiment scores were significantly higher than the pre-experiment scores at the .01 statistical level.
4. Model Evaluation: The model's effectiveness and value were rated at the highest level, while its efficiency was at a high level.

Guidelines for Developing Academic Leadership of School Administrators in the Digital Era under Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 5

2025-11-19T11:50:13+07:00

The objectives of this research were: 1) to investigate the current conditions, desirable conditions, and necessary needs for developing the academic leadership of school administrators in the digital era, and 2) to propose guidelines for developing academic leadership in the digital era. This study employed a mixed-methods research design. The sample consisted of 97 school administrators and deputy administrators in charge of academic affairs, and 117 academic teachers, totaling 214 participants, determined using Taro Yamane’s formula. The research instruments included a questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.95 and a semi-structured interview. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, the Modified Priority Needs Index (PNI), and descriptive content analysis.
The research findings revealed that:
1. The overall current level of academic leadership in the digital era was high, while the desirable level was at the highest level. The priority needs were ranked as follows: development of innovative media and technology-based learning resources, creation of a positive learning environment, diversified educational supervision, setting challenging missions and goals, proactive teaching and learning management, and curriculum management responsive to change.
2. The guidelines for developing academic leadership of school administrators under the Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 5 comprised six aspects with a total of 30 strategies, five strategies for each aspect. These guidelines encompassed innovative media development, positive learning environments, diverse supervision approaches, challenging mission setting, proactive instructional management, and curriculum management aligned with ongoing changes in the digital era.

Accessibility and Connectivity Performance of Passenger Terminal to Using Behavior

2025-05-15T15:22:39+07:00

This research aimed to 1) examine service usage behavior and factors affecting the use of passenger bus terminals among local users, 2) investigate the accessibility efficiency of passenger bus terminals for local users, and 3) investigate the connectivity efficiency of passenger bus terminals for local users. This study employed a survey research design using questionnaires to collect data from a sample of 400 users of the Chonburi Passenger Bus Terminal, selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
The research findings revealed that:
1. Regarding service usage behavior and influencing factors, most users were female, aged between 21 and 30 years, and used the passenger bus terminal once a month. The primary reason for using the service was its proximity to their residence. Most users accessed the terminal during 12.00–17.59 hrs., spent less than one hour per visit, and traveled to the terminal by private car.
2. Regarding accessibility efficiency, users reported a high level of satisfaction, particularly in terms of travel convenience, distance, and modes of access to the terminal.
3. Regarding connectivity efficiency, users also reported a high level of satisfaction, especially with service quality and the continuity of the service system. In addition, hypothesis testing indicated that differences in gender and income significantly affected satisfaction levels regarding the connectivity efficiency of the passenger bus terminal at the 0.05 level of statistical significance.

Guidelines for Developing Digital Leadership of School Administrators under Maha Sarakham Primary Educational Service Area Office 3

2025-09-17T16:40:45+07:00

This study aimed to: 1) examine the current situation, desirable condition, and priority needs of digital leadership among school administrators, and 2) propose development guidelines for enhancing digital leadership of school administrators under Maha Sarakham Primary Educational Service Area Office 3. The research was conducted in two phases using an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design. The sample consisted of 293 participants, including school administrators and teachers. Research instruments included a five-point rating scale questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Modified Priority Needs Index (PNI _Modified), while qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis.
The research findings revealed that:
1. The overall level of digital leadership among school administrators was high, with digital professionalism receiving the highest mean score. The desirable condition was rated at the highest level, and the most critical priority need was building digital learning networks (PNI _Modified = 0.208).
2. The proposed development guidelines emphasize establishing digital networks that support collaborative learning, fostering an open and creative learning culture, and defining a clear digital vision to effectively and sustainably drive organizational development in the digital era.

Buddhist aesthetics in Asubha Kammatthana

2025-12-09T10:49:13+07:00

This study aims to: (1) examine the concept of beauty in Buddhist aesthetics, (2) explore the philosophical foundations of Asubha Kammatthana (the contemplation of impurity), and (3) analyze the relationship between Buddhist aesthetics and Asubha Kammatthana. This research employed a documentary approach, drawing upon the Tipitaka, commentaries, Buddhist philosophical texts, and related academic works. Data were analyzed through descriptive and interpretative methods.
The research findings revealed that:
1. The concept of beauty in Buddhist aesthetics emphasizes inner beauty-a serene, compassionate, and unattached mind-rather than external or physical attractiveness. True beauty is defined as emptiness, non-attachment, and harmony with nature, serving as a gateway to insight and liberation.
2. Asubha Kammatthana is a meditative practice aimed at reducing sensual desire by contemplating the body as it truly is-impermanent, unattractive, and devoid of self. Rather than viewing it negatively, Buddhist aesthetics interprets this practice as an appreciation of truth. Genuine beauty is realized through wisdom that sees the unbeautiful without clinging, thus loosening attachment to the body and leading toward liberation from suffering.
3. Buddhist aesthetics within Asubha Kammatthana illustrates that beauty is not confined to sensory pleasures but emerges from perceiving the reality of conditioned phenomena according to the Three Characteristics. This practice transforms aesthetic experience from a worldly level to a supramundane level, purifying the mind from desire and delusion. The highest form of beauty is the beauty of Nirvana, a pure and liberated aesthetic experience.

Guideline for Enhancing the Instructional Management to Develop Career Skills of High School Students in Schools under the Office of the Basic Education Commission

2025-08-15T10:40:52+07:00

This research aimed to: (1) examine the problems of instructional management for developing career skills among secondary school students; (2) compare instructional management for developing career skills among secondary school students, classified by school size; and (3) explore guidelines for enhancing instructional management to develop career skills among secondary school students. The study employed a survey research design. The sample consisted of 384 teachers from secondary schools under the Office of the Basic Education Commission in the 2024 academic year, selected through stratified random sampling based on school size. In addition, eight key informants participated in in-depth interviews. The research instruments included a questionnaire on instructional management for developing career skills among secondary school students, with a reliability coefficient of 0.91, and a semi-structured interview protocol focusing on guidelines for enhancing instructional management. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and content analysis.
The research findings were as follows:
1. The overall instructional management for developing career skills among secondary school students was at a high level (𝑥̄ = 3.92, S.D. = 0.70), with high mean scores in integrating career skills into core subjects, organizing student development activities, independent study, and project-based learning related to careers.
2. There were no statistically significant differences in instructional management for developing career skills among secondary schools of different sizes; and
3. The guidelines for enhancing instructional management derived from the interviews indicated that schools should integrate instructional content with essential careers, promote the use of active learning processes, enhance student motivation, foster collaboration with external organizations, support students’ self-management, apply diverse assessment and evaluation methods, provide platforms for presenting students’ career-related work, and promote participatory learning.

Promoting the Role of Women to Create a Network of Members of the National Women's Association Council Under Royal Patronage

2025-11-30T17:01:26+07:00

The purpose of this research was to study the Promoting the role of women to create a network of members of the National Women's Association Council under Royal Patronage. Integrated research model. The research tools used were semi-structured in-depth interviews and questionnaires. The sample group consisted of 19 key informants and 400 women's association council members. Statistics used in data analysis include frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation. and t-test statistics
The research results found that: Most of the members of the National Council of Women in the sample were over 55 years of age, totaling 306 people. 279 people got a bachelor's degree level, 302 people worked as members for a period of 10 years or more, and 336 people hold association membership positions. 2) Factors of leadership characteristics of executives the overall picture at the highest level was an average of 4.80. Women's Leadership Development Factors, the overall picture was at the highest level with an average of 4.79 and the factor of creating network partners, the overall picture was at the highest level with an average of 4.70. 3) Promoting women's roles was the highest overall influence on network partnership creation (beta = 0.926). 4) Most women leaders lack powerful communication skills to create motivation, lack of knowledge and understanding of modern network management.

The Development of a Model to Enhance Advanced Thinking Skills to Improve Professional Teaching Capabilities for Students in the Bachelor of Education Program in Social Studies at Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University

2025-08-30T20:15:45+07:00

This research aimed to (1) examine the current conditions, the desirable conditions, and the needs for instructional management; (2) develop a model to enhance higher-order thinking skills for strengthening professional teacher identity; (3) implement the developed model; and (4) evaluate the model. The study employed the Research and Development (R&D) methodology comprising four phases: survey research, design-based development, quasi-experimental research, and evaluation research. The sample consisted of 147 undergraduate students in the Bachelor of Education Program in Social Studies and nine key informants. The research instruments included interviews, questionnaires, a higher-order thinking skills test, a creative thinking assessment form, a satisfaction questionnaire, and a model evaluation form. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis, while quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
The results revealed that:
1. The current instructional practices for enhancing higher-order thinking skills and professional teacher identity remained at a level requiring further development, with modified Priority Needs Index (PNI _modified) values ranging from 0.49 to 0.57. The highest level of need was found in the planning and design of learning activities (PNI _modified = 0.57).
2. The developed model for enhancing higher-order thinking skills to strengthen professional teacher identity consisted of five core components (POS-MR): Principle, Objective, System, Method, and Review.
3. The results of the model implementation indicated that students’ satisfaction with the learning management based on the model was at a high level ( = 4.28, S.D. = 0.51).
3. The expert evaluation results showed that the model demonstrated a high level of structural consistency, appropriateness, validity, usefulness, and overall feasibility ( = 4.44, S.D. = 0.26), with feasibility receiving the highest mean score ( = 4.53, S.D. = 0.26). In conclusion, the developed model was found to be appropriate and could be effectively applied as a guideline for enhancing higher-order thinking skills and strengthening the professional teacher identity of preservice teachers, in alignment with the educational context of the 21st century.

Development of Learning Through Learning on the E-learning System

2025-04-30T16:48:31+07:00

This academic article aims to present concepts and approaches for developing learning through lessons on the E-Learning system in order to enhance the quality of teaching and learning and increase the efficiency of school administration. The PDCA (Plan–Do–Check–Act) cycle is employed as a management framework to support systematic development and continuous improvement in educational management.
E-Learning is a learning approach that supports student-centered learning by expanding access to learning resources without limitations of time and place (anywhere anytime learning) and allowing learners to control their own learning pace (self-paced learning). This approach aligns with 21st-century learning principles and lifelong learning development.
This article discusses key components of E-Learning lesson development, including instructional design that aligns with learners’ interests and abilities, the integration of information technology to support learning processes, and the application of the PDCA cycle for planning, implementation, evaluation, and continuous improvement. These elements contribute to strengthening instructional effectiveness and advancing educational institutions toward becoming learning organizations and educational innovators in the digital era.

Loknimit: Interpreting Dharma Symbolism through the Boundary Stones of Wat Phochai Semaram, Nongpan Subdistrict, Kamalasai District, Kalasin Province

2025-04-09T15:33:08+07:00

This academic article aims to interpret the Dharma symbolism embedded in the Loknimit of the Ubosatha at Wat Phochai Semaram. The findings reveal that the Ubosatha of Wat Phochai Semaram represents an aesthetic creation formed through the integration of bricks, stones, cement, and sand into a remarkable piece of Buddhist architecture. Its refined beauty connects with spiritual sentiment, inspires faith, and establishes the site as a Punyakhet-a sacred field of merit recognized as a formal Wisungkhamsima boundary in Thai Buddhism.
The Loknimit itself is distinctively crafted in a spherical form resembling a celestial jewel (Manee Ratana), measuring approximately 80 centimeters in diameter. This symbolizes the eighty years of the Buddha’s life and His completion of the Buddha’s mission. The golden color of the Loknimit signifies auspiciousness, while the decorative ocean-wave motif metaphorically reflects the 84,000 Dharma teachings expounded by the Buddha.
These symbolic elements collectively convey profound Buddhist principles of liberation-freedom from all bonds and the attainment of supreme and eternal happiness.

Analyzing the Teachings of the Maha Chat Sermon to Strengthen Thai Civic Engagement

2025-09-18T14:57:07+07:00

This academic article aims to analyze the teachings found in the Maha Chat Sermon (the Great Sermon on the Life of Vessantara), a significant work of Buddhist literature in Thailand, and to examine how these teachings can be applied to promote good citizenship within the framework of Thai democracy. The analysis is based on the content of all thirteen chapters of the Maha Chat Sermon and is connected to key principles of democratic citizenship, including rights, duties, social responsibility, civic participation, and moral and ethical values.
The findings reveal that the Maha Chat Sermon incorporates teachings that promote five key dimensions of citizenship: (1) self-sacrifice, (2) generosity, (3) patience and forbearance, (4) commitment to moral integrity, and (5) awareness of others’ suffering. These qualities are essential for fostering strong, responsible, and ethical citizens who contribute to the development of a stable and high-quality democratic society.
This article therefore proposes an analytical framework for applying the teachings of the Maha Chat Sermon to civic education and the development of Thai citizenship in the context of contemporary society.

An Analysis of Appamāda-Dhamma as a Dynamic Principle of Life in Buddhist Philosophy

2025-09-30T16:35:58+07:00

This academic article aims to analyze Appamāda-Dhamma (heedfulness) as a dynamic principle of life within the framework of Buddhist philosophy. The study employs analytical and synthetic methods based on Buddhist canonical sources and relevant academic literature, together with philosophical reasoning to support the analytical findings.
The findings reveal that Appamāda-Dhamma functions both as a guiding principle of life regulation and as a driving force for human development, leading individuals toward the ultimate goal of life and the ideal of sustainable altruistic benefit. It promotes wise reflection (yoniso-manasikāra) and ethical self-regulation, enabling individuals to live with direction, value, and holistic well-being encompassing physical, mental, and social dimensions.
Furthermore, Appamāda-Dhamma extends beyond a passive form of heedfulness expressed through restraint (saṁvara), encompassing a proactive dimension that fosters self-development, social development, and both internal and external learning processes. Appamāda, therefore, constitutes a vital mechanism for regulating and enhancing the quality of life in accordance with the holistic principles of Buddhist philosophy.

Discipline and Forest Conservation

2025-09-18T15:54:25+07:00

This academic article aims to examine the concept of Vinaya and forest conservation, highlighting that nature consists of interrelated biotic and abiotic components. These include physical elements such as soil, water, air, and sunlight, as well as chemical elements such as minerals and nutrients, all of which form the foundation of ecological systems. In Buddhist thought, the Buddha emphasized the importance of forests as suitable environments (sappāya) for monastic life, including forests, rivers, streams, caves, mountain gorges, and secluded dwellings.
The study reveals that principles concerning environmental conservation embedded in the Vinaya can be categorized into two forms: (1) permissions and (2) prohibitions. In particular, the principle of the Four Nissayas prescribes monastic conduct to prevent environmental degradation, such as prohibitions against spitting or excreting into natural water sources, damaging the ground, or destroying living vegetation (bhūtāgāma). Moreover, the Vinaya promotes personal and social development through key teachings, including the Four Bhāvanās and the principle of Sappāya, which cultivate ecological awareness and ethical responsibility toward natural resources.
This article underscores the role of monks as ethical leaders in conserving and restoring ecosystems on land, in water, and in the air thereby contributing to the long-term sustainability of the natural environment.