RTNA Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Education

Comparative Study of Maritime boundary Judgements for Determining Maritime Delimitation between Thailand-Cambodia in the OCA above Latitude 11 N.

Samharn Dairairam — 2024-08-22

This article aims at studying possible solutions for maritime delimitation between Thailand and Cambodia. Information for analysis was sourced from judgments by the JCJ. International Court of Justice (ICJ) and International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS). These judgment involve circumstances, particularly the physical and geographical surrounding, such as the characteristic of coastline, islands, and rocks including. Position and sizes of offshore features similar to case between Thailand-Cambodia. The selected judgments are case between Netherlands-Germany-Denmark, Bangladesh-Myanmar, Ukraine-Romania and Nicaragua-Columbia. The results reveal that solutions for delineating maritime boundary between Thailand and Cambodia vary depending on circumstances. Otherwise, there are two significantly solutions: the first considers all offshore features regarding delineation, while the second disregards all offshore features in delineation. Unexpectedly, the new method for equidistance adjustment arises from this article suggests that equidistance line can be adjusted by ratio of the offshore feature’s area. Actually, the adjustment of equidistance line could be done based on the ratio of the length of the relevant coastlines and the ratio of offshore island and rock areas. This article can guide research about equidistance modification between Thailand and Cambodia. The purpose of this article is to study UNCLOS 1982 regarding Technical Aspects for the Law of the Sea using the overlapping claimed area between Thailand and Cambodia as a case study. The results of the study are the author's views and opinions only and do not affect status of overlapping claimed area between Thailand and Cambodia.

Blue Economy : Concept for Driving Royal Thai Navy to a Leading Role in the Region

Phuvajak Phuvanatnaranubala — 2024-08-22

The purpose of this academic article aims to study Blue Economy concept that Royal Thai Navy has put effort to present this concept in various international symposium because it’s a concept that every country in the world will have common maritime national interest to protect the legal utilization of the sea and affect to the development of the world economy so Is the intention of Royal Thai Navy to present this concept that show the important future vision of Royal Thai navy to other countries going to be accepted by other navies and be the driving force of Royal Thai navy to a leading role in a region as mention in the Royal Thai Navy Vision ? To find the solutions, the researcher has conducted quality research by reviewing the Blue Economy concept, the important of Blue Economy to Thai society, Maritime Security in the region, what does Royal Thai Navy do to present this topic in various international symposium, Neo-Liberal Institutionalism theory, to analyze the reaction and opinion of other navies in the region to Blue Economy and final part is to answer the question that Is Blue Economy concept going to be the driving force of Royal Thai Navy to a leading role in a region ? The conclusions of the study show that the effort of Royal Thai navy to present the concept of Blue Economy in various international symposium and initiate the cooperation between navies in the region to protect the legal utilization of the sea in the future has related to Neo-Liberal Institutionalism theory that has main idea in believing the cooperation between states can happen in anarchy condition by using the methods of international regimes to bring peace to the world. Also, the reaction of other navies to Blue Economy concept are almost the same and understand how important of Blue Economy concept and enhance the cooperation between navies to develop the sustainable of utilization of the sea together in the future. According to this, the effort of Royal Thai Navy to present Blue Economy Concept to other navies in the regions is also become the great opportunity to drive Royal Thai navy to a leading role in the regions. However, it also takes time and consistency to work on spreading out this concept and finally, Royal Thai Navy will be accepted as a leading role in the regions.

Guidance: Science for development to help learners

Nukrob Meesan — 2024-08-22

The Article “Guidance: Science development to help learners” is an academic article that aims to spark ideas in presenting the concept of guidance science as a science of development and its importance to develop students personally. Especially, a society is in an era of various and fluctuation changes. This significant situation will be a guideline for educators for personal developer Interest and for applying its importance to the development of helping students individually. The first part of this article will explain the meaning of guidance science, the second part regards the purpose of Guidance Science or Guidance philosophy the third part is about developing and helping learners related to guidance services. The last part will be the guidance services for students and conclusions.

Equating the Royal Thai Navy English Proficiency Test (NEPT) With the American Language Course Placement Test (ALCPT)

Jitpicha Jarayapun — 2024-08-22

The Royal Thai Navy Language Proficiency Test (NEPT), established by the Naval Education Department (NED) in 2021, plays a crucial role in the Royal Thai Navy's (RTN) Personnel Management. In fiscal year 2023, the RTN assigned the NED the task of equating the NEPT with other standardized tests to enhance its efficacy. However, it's worth noting that most standardized English tests are aligned with the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scales, allowing scores to be compared within this reference framework. This study aims to equate the NEPT with the widely recognized American Language Course Placement Test (ALCPT), an English language examination commonly used within international armed forces. The ALCPT was originally designed for placing and assessing students in an American Language Course (ALC) program, and screening candidates before assigning them to positions on overseas US military installations in accordance with US military regulations. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between the NEPT scores and the ALCPT scores, and to develop a mathematical model estimating scores on both tests. A random stratified sample of 245 trainees from seven courses, together with voluntary officers, provided different layers based on ranks, units, and military lines within the RTN. The finding of the study revealed a highly linear positive correlation between NEPT and ALCPT scores, reaching 87.60% . The result of linear regression analysis indicates that NEPT scores can be used to predict or estimate the ALCPT scores with a predictive variation level of 76.70% . The linear regression equation for ALCPT scores is represented by , where represents the ALCPT score, and represents the NEPT score. In addition, the research results can be used to compare the ALCPT scores with the NEPT scores to determine the baseline requirement for setting the initial salary rate for managing RTN Human Resources, as well as for considering the management of RTN personnel in various areas.

The Priority Needs in Pedagogical Leadership Development of Phratumnuk Suankularb School’s Teachers

Panupong Petcharat — 2024-08-22

The research was descriptive research and aimed to study a need assessment of developing pedagogical leadership of Phratumnuk Suankularb School’s teachers. The population was Phratumnuk Suankularb School’s staffs consisting of 1 director, 2 deputy directors, and 68 teachers. The research instrument consisted of a 5-level rating scale questionnaire tested for content validity, and the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) ranged from 0.67 to 1.00. Data were analyzed by using Mean, Standard deviation, and Modified Priority Needs Index (PNI_Modified). The research result revealed that 1) the priority needs index overall was 0.556 (PNI_Modified= 0.556). When data were analyzed per item of pedagogical leadership, the highest priority needs index was Leading teaching and learning aspect (PNI_Modified= 0.598), followed by Using pedagogy (PNI_Modified= 0.587), Capability building (PNI_Modified= 0.572), Promoting student outcome (PNI_Modified= 0.541), Having collaborative learning and work culture (PNI_Modified= 0.531), and Understanding vision and goal (PNI_Modified= 0.507), respectively. 2) Teacher development methods from questionnaires of the 3 highest priority needs index aspects consisted of on-the-job training with the team learning method and off-the-job training with the training/seminar/workshop methods.

Transformational Leadership Influencing Work Engagement of Generation Y in Bangkok Metropolitan and Subarban Areas

Yootanat Boonyachai — 2024-08-22

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the transformational leadership and work engagement.; 2) to compare job engagement based on demographic characteristics.; 3) to study the influential transformational leadership on job engagement. The sample was working people aged between 25 - 45 years working in Bangkok and outskirts. The research tool was a questionnaire. The statistics used were frequency, percentage, means, standard deviation, t-test, Independent Sample (One-Way ANOVA), LSD (Least Significant Difference) and Multiple Regression with a statically significant level .01. The results showed that 1) the transformational leadership characteristics and overall work engagement were at a high level. 2) Demographic characteristics such as education level, duration of employment, and work position showed differences in work engagement at the statistical significance level of .01. 3) Ideological Influence leadership styles, intellectual stimulation leadership style, and the individualistic leadership style influencing Generation Y's job engagement were able to predict 65.80 percent. The equation for the standard score was Z=0.276 _(X1) +0.165 _(X2) +0.387 _(X3).

Analysis of the Correlation among Creative Leadership, Organizational Commitment, and Joy at Work of Personnel in National Research Council of Thailand, Bangkok

Danischaya Srila — 2024-08-22

The objectives of this study were, 1) to examine the level of creative leadership, organizational commitment, and joy at work of personnel, 2) to compare the joy at work of personnel, based on different personal factors, 3) to explore the relationship between creative leadership and joy at work of personnel, and 4) to study the relationship between organizational commitment and joy at work of personnel. It is exploratory research. The samples of this study were 217 personnel in the National Research Council of Thailand, Bangkok. Data were collected using the questionnaires, and the statistical methods used for analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation, T-test, F-test, least significant difference, and Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient. The statistical significance was set at .05 and .01 levels. Results indicated that: 1) the perceived levels of creative leadership, organizational commitment, and joy at work of personnel were high, 2) personnel in National Research Council of Thailand had differences in joy at work based on gender, marital status, job title, medical eligibility, monthly income, and working years, 3) creative leadership was positively correlated with joy at work, and 4) organizational commitment was positively correlated with joy at work, with statistical significance at the .05 level.

A Need Assessment for Development Academic Management of Schools under Samutprakan Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 Based on the Concept of Learning Agility

Wathittaya Taecharoen — 2024-08-22

The objectives of this research were to conduct the needs assessment for developing academic management of schools under Samutprakan’s Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, based on the concept of learning agility. The population was 72 schools under Samutprakan Primary Educational Service Area Office 1. The sample of informants were 244 people, including school directors, deputy directors or academic department heads, and teachers. Stratified sampling, based on the groups and sizes of the schools was employed. The research instrument used was an opinion questionnaire on the approaches to the development of academic management in schools under Samutprakan Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, based on the concept of learning agility. The data were analyzed by frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Priority Needs Index Modified. When the priority needs index per item was analyzed, instruction was identified as the highest priority need (PNI_Modified = 0.421), followed by curriculum development (PNI_Modified = 0.418) as the second priority need. The lowest priority need was assessment (PNI_Modified = 0.414). The research results showed the need of developing academic management to encourage learning agility arrange learners.

The development of school administration model 5MSG for development of teacher competency in learning management for raise the level of learning achievement of Phoowittaya School

Angkana Khumsingnok — 2024-08-22

The objectives of this research were to 1) study (the current conditions), problems, and guidelines for management and development of the teacher competency in learning management to raise the level of learning achievement of Phoowittaya School; 2) develop a school administration model that affects the development of the teacher competency in learning management to raise the level of learning achievement; 3) implement the developed school administration model; and 4) study the satisfaction toward the developed school administration model. The Research and Development (R&D) methodology was divided into 4 phases as follows: Phase 1 (R₁) : study (the current conditions), problems, and guidelines for management and development through qualitative data using interviews. The key informants consisted of one administrator, 43 teachers, and 10 experts. Phase 2 (D₁) : develop school administration model that affects the development of teacher competency in learning management (to raise the level of) students learning achievement of Phoowittaya School. The evaluation included Model’s utility, feasibility, propriety and accuracy by 9 experts. Phase 3 (R₂) : implement the school administration model using Participatory Action Research two semesters. The participants consisted of 1 school administrators, 43 teachers, and 730 students. Phase 4 (D₂) : evaluate satisfaction toward the developed school administration model. The target group consisted of 1 administrator, 43 teachers, and 13 member of the basic education school committee. The research tools consisted of the interview form, the model quality assessment form, and the satisfaction questionnaire. Quantitative data analysis used the descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean (M), and standard deviation (SD). Qualitative data were analyzed by using content analysis and inductive summarization. The results of the research are summarized as follows: 1. The state of problems of teacher competency in learning management is predominantly attributed to a lack of awareness among teachers regarding contemporary and diverse teaching methodologies. Moreover, resistance to change impedes the efficacy of learning achievement. A systematic management approach focusing on continuous development of both teachers' and students' competencies is essential for addressing this challenge. 2. The developed model of school educational administration that affects the development of teacher competency in learning management to raise the level of learning achievement, was at the highest level of utility, feasibility, propriety, and accuracy. 3. The development of teacher competency in learning management found that the teacher competency in learning management was at a high level, with 9.31%. In the academic year 2022, students’ levels of learning achievement, desired characteristics and the competencies were rated from good to excellent level, increased showing an from the academic year 2021. ansd 4. The evaluation of satisfaction toward the developed model of school administration found that overall was at the highest level.

Investigating the Learning Behaviours and the Perceptions of Graduate Students towards the Online Intensive English Programme of Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University in Thailand

Sita Yiemkuntitavorn — 2024-08-22

The Intensive English Programme at STOU has been an onsite course for years helping students who are required to meet the English proficiency standards for graduation. During the pandemic, the entire course has radically shifted to online platform through MS Teams (for teaching and learning) and Moodle (for evaluating). This paper aims to investigate student’s learning behaviors and perceptions of the online learning process. To carry out this study, the 30 students from 2 groups were observed during the classes and the focus group interview was conducted through MS Teams. After observing students’ behavior in 4 aspects: 1) online learning tools 2) learning motivation 3) Instructor-students and Students-student interactions 4) English content, some students had technical and Internet issues during the course. Some lacked of motivation and interaction with the instructor and other students. As it is an English language subject, some students who are not familiar with the language and some students with advanced English language skills may not pay much attention in class. Therefore, some of them failed to reach an acceptable level of proficiency in 3 English skills at the end of 4-day course. However, in the focus group interview aimed to explore 3 aspects; 1) the use of learning tools 2) lesson content and supplementary materials and 3) instructors' teaching styles. Students stated that there were advantages of online learning in this course--low costs, convenience, and flexibility, they still encountered difficulties in using the learning tools. The lesson content was challenging; nevertheless, the instructor could effectively teach to ensure understanding of the materials. If there are still students facing limitations in terms of learning tools and facilities, which the university needs to consider, this research suggests that hybrid learning might be a suitable approach for ongoing learning effectiveness for students.

The Influence of the Marketing Mix Social Media and Brand Trust on Housing Estate Purchase Intensions of Customers in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand

Pichyada Pheunpha — 2024-08-22

This research investigated the influence of personal traits, marketing mix, social media, and brand trust on customers of housing estate purchase intentions in Ubon Ratchathani province, Thailand. The quantitative study used the survey methodology to sample the views of 265 house estate customers. A questionnaire with a very high level of reliability was used in this study. The statistics employed were descriptive, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis (MRA). The study result of ANOVA found that difference gender, age, house prices, and house brand were affected to customers' purchase intentions. The MRA results found that personal traits, marketing mix, social media, and brand trust explained 67.4% of the customer purchase intentions of a housing estate. The variables influenced customer purchase intentions: brand trust, marketing mix, and gender, respectively. This study contributes to the existing literature and recommends that housing developers create brand and marketing mix strategies. The marketing mix ensures that a house product is well-positioned, accessible, and appealing to customers, while brand trust reduces perceived risks and fosters loyalty. Together, they play a crucial role in driving customer purchase intentions and long-term business success. They also need to consider the customer gender especially male to promote their business to make the customers interested in, trust, and believe in the quality of the housing estate to purchase in the future.