RTNA Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Education

The Analysis of the Relationship Between Value Chain Management Government Support and Business Performance of SMEs in the Border Trade Area of Northeastern Thailand

Pichyada Pheunpha, Kiengkwan Ugsornwong; Phimonsinee Udomphan — Mon, 18 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this study were 1) to study the level of value chain management, government support, and the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and 2) to analyze the relationship between value chain management, government support, and the performance of SMEs. This research was a quantitative research. A total of 307 SMEs were sampled using the area sampling method, with Ubon Ratchathani Province representing Lower Northeastern Thailand and Mukdahan representing Upper Northeastern Thailand. The data collection tool was a questionnaire with a very high confidence level (Cronbach's alpha = 0.939). The statistics used were descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The research results showed that 1) from the perspective of SMEs, their value chain management and performance levels were at high level but government support was at low level. 2) The relationship between value chain management and SME business performance is very strong positive. 3) Government support has a moderate positive relationship with SME business performance. 4) Value chain management has a moderate positive relationship with government support. When considering the sub dimensions, the top three most relevant relationships between value chain management and SME performance were human resource management dimension, and learning and growth dimension, marketing and sales dimension and learning and growth dimension, and marketing and sales dimension and customers, respectively. The findings show that SMEs should manage their value chain, especially human resource management, by effectively selecting, developing, and training employees to maximize business learning and growth. They should also manage their value chain in terms of marketing and sales. SMEs should have effective marketing and sales promotion strategies to increase business performance. The government should provide financial support and create an environment conducive to business.

The Development Global Mindedness Using Phenomenon Based Learning For High School Students

Nattasak Lomas, Kasinee Karunasawat — Mon, 18 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a Phenomenon Based Learning (PhBL) approach on Global Mindedness among high school students. The research unfolded in two main phases. Phase 1 Developing the PhBL learning management, which included 1.1) Exploring the definitions and characteristics of Global Mindedness and 1.2) Designing the PhBL learning management approach to enhance Global Mindedness for high school students. Phase 2 focused on evaluating the effectiveness of the developed PBL approach. The target group consisted of 25 Grade 11 students, studying in the second semester of the 2024 academic year, selected using purposive sampling. Research instruments included a structured interview form, learning management units, and a Global Mindedness assessment. Data and statistical analysis involved content analysis, mean, standard deviation, and One-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA. The findings revealed that 1. Results of the Phenomenon Based Learning Management Development: 1.1 Global Mindedness is the ability of a person to recognize the value of reflective reasoning about one's actions in relation to the global community, taking responsibility for their impact as a world citizen, and contributing to positive change and sustainability. It has three key characteristics: (1) Cultural Diversity Appreciation, (2) Global Issue Awareness, and (3) Global Citizens Interdependence. 1.2 The designed PhBL learning management approach for enhancing Global Mindedness consists of five steps: (1) observing and selecting a phenomenon, (2) questioning or defining a problem, (3) investigating for answers, (4) assessing understanding, and 5) reflecting and organizing values. 2. Effectiveness of the Learning Management: The PhBL approach significantly improved students' Global Mindedness, with statistically significant progress observed at the .05 level.

The Development of Social Studies Learning Management Through The Group Investigation Method With Generative Artificial Intelligence to Enhance Information Literacy of High School Students

Wongsakorn Rodprayoon, Kasinee Karunasawat — Mon, 18 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a learning management approach integrating group investigation with generative artificial intelligence to enhance information literacy among high school students. The sample consisted of 30 grade 12 students from the second semester of the 2024 academic year, selected through cluster random sampling. Research instruments included the learning management plan, an information literacy assessment, and statistical analysis methods such as mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient and one-way repeated measures ANOVA. The findings revealed that (1) the developed learning approach followed six key steps: (a) encountering situations with generative AI, (b) brainstorming inquiry topics, (c) planning exploration with AI, (d) conducting investigations, (e) discussing and synthesizing findings, and (f) identifying further inquiry topics. (2) The approach significantly improved students’ information literacy, as repeated measures ANOVA confirmed consistent and statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05) across all assessment points.

Evaluation of the Elderly School Project in Maengoen Sub-district, Chiang Saen District, Chiang Rai Province, Using the CIPP Model

Patruthai Langmuang, Nualnapa Chullasutthi; Prayoon Imiwat — Mon, 18 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the implementation of the senior school project in Maengoen Sub-district, Chiang Saen District, Chiang Rai Province using the CIPP Model, and to propose development strategies (guidelines for Improving the implementation of the project?) for the project. The (target) population and key informants consist of 44 senior school students, 25 family Members or caregivers of the students and 8 Individuals Involved in the School Project in Maengoen Sub-district. The research tools included the questionnaires and focus group discussions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. The findings indicated that, in terms of context, the activities in senior schools align with the needs of senior school students. For input, staff/instructors/volunteers have a high level of knowledge and skills in implementing the curriculum or activities, while funding support is at a moderate level. About the process, the curriculum and various activities are appropriately scheduled, but the support for budget requests from multiple agencies is at a low level. Output: The senior school provides opportunities for sharing experiences or local wisdom, fosters pride and self-worth, and is beneficial to the physical and mental health of the elderly. However, the school’s activities have not yet succeeded in reducing expenses or generating income for the elderly participants.

The decision making of parents to send their children to study at Anubanmaryniramon school Chanthaburi

Nutvigorn Hansapan, Chieng Pawchit, Nukrob Meesan — Mon, 18 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were to 1) study the parents' decision to send their children to study at Anubanmaryniramon School, Chanthaburi, and 2) compare parents’ decision to send their children to study at Anubanmaryniramon School Chanthaburi according to the following aspects: educational level and average family income per month. The research samples were 60 parents of new students at Anubanmaryniramon School, Chanthaburi. The research instrument was a five-level rating scale questionnaire. The statistic used in this research were Mean (M), Standard Deviation (SD) and One-Way ANOVA. The research found that 1) The parents' decision to send their children to study at Anubanmaryniramon School, Chanthaburi, was at a high level overall and in each aspect, ranging from the highest ratings for teachers and educational management. Tuition fees, facilities and environment, and the relationship between school and community were rated at a high level. 2) There were no significant differences in parents' decisions to send their children to study at Anubanmaryniramon School, Chanthaburi, when compared by educational level and average family income per month.

MOU 2001: Different Perspectives but the Same Purpose

Samharn Dairairam — Mon, 18 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

There are two different opinions regarding Memorandum of Understanding between the Royal Thai Government and the Royal Government of Cambodia regarding the Area of their Overlapping Maritime Claims to the Continental Shelf – MOU 2544. The first opinion is to follow MOU 2544 whereas the other is to terminate the MOU 2544. The termination of the MOU 2544 will be the gab for solving the overlapping claimed areas between Thailand and Cambodia. The MOU 2544 is the progress of the problem solving. Thai people are not satisfied with the Cambodia’s continental shelf crossing the Koh Kut making uncertainty about Thailand’s sovereignty over Koh Kut. The area of overlapping claimed area is too big to compare with the others overlapping area between Thailand and neighboring coastal States. This article is to present the different reasons. MOU 2544 will be either still or terminated, the goal of both sides is for the national maritime interest of Thailand under the principle of the UNCLOS.

Cultural factors as key components for optimised International Cooperations: A case study of ASEAN and Western differences

Thananun Aungkajornkul — Mon, 18 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Maritime security is crucial for the Indo-Pacific region since it serves as a critical component of both global logistics and economic stability. However, the region’s security landscape is both traditionally and non-traditionally complex and contested. International cooperation, therefore, is often observed as tangible solutions to tackling these challenges. Yet, the existing cooperative mechanisms have been questioned by their overlapping complexity of alliances leading to challenges in balancing interests especially a collaboration of ASEAN and Western nations where differences have been noticed and somehow regressing trust. Contemporarily, a simple factor as culture has played a vital role in shaping security perspectives, as illustrated by the U.S.'s overlooked cultural considerations in Iraq and Afghanistan, which impacted operational success (Gorka, 2016). Integrating cultural understanding within security frameworks (through a theory like Social Identity Theory: SIT) may optimise cooperation, particularly with ASEAN participants, by deepening trust and shared identity. While cultivating a shared perception of common interests is challenging and time-consuming to assess, cultural engagements can offer a more effective approach to fostering cooperation and partnerships that benefit existing cooperations through elementarily undemanding processes as language participation, tradition and culture immersion, and multi-level relationships. This qualitative-approach paper aims to provides actionable strategies for enhancing ASEAN-Western cooperation through culturally tailored trust-building measures by provoking a sense of “us” toward partnership.

Unpacking King Rama IX's Aspirational Commitment: Contribution for Governance, Societal Values, and the Monarchy-People Nexus in Thailand

Chaded Sookde — Mon, 18 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This academic article examines the significant role of King Rama IX's aspirations, as reflected in his speeches, in shaping governance, societal values, and the relationship between the monarchy and the Thai people. King Rama IX ruled for nearly seventy years, merging traditional monarchy with modern governance, with a particular focus on sustainable development, moral leadership, and community engagement. His speeches, beyond their ceremonial function, instilled a national ethos centered on unity, ethical conduct, and civic duty. This study analyzes how these aspirations influenced Thai governance, promoting inclusivity, shared responsibility, and resilience. By positioning the monarchy as a moral compass, King Rama IX strengthened its role as a guardian of social values and national identity. His pledges deeply impacted various social groups, fostering civic participation and aligning royal vision with public aspirations. Additionally, the paper explores how his commitments interact with the broader socio-political landscape, demonstrating their lasting influence on governance and cultural continuity in contemporary Thailand. This study underscores the enduring impact of King Rama IX's legacy, providing insights into the evolving relationship between the monarchy, governance, and the people, and highlighting the balance between tradition and modernity in shaping Thai identity.

Views of Prince Traidos Prabandh towards Germany between 1914 and 1917

Wasapol Thumruksa — Mon, 18 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This paper studied the views towards Germany of Prince Traidos Prabandh. Minister of Siam at the Siamese Embassy in Berlin, Germany during World War I. Prince Traidos Prabandh was an important channel which news from Germany could spread into Siam because at that time Siam mostly received news from the Allied side. The data were collected from both primary sources, including documents from Siamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs in The National Archives of Thailand and related secondary sources. After that the data was studied by historical methods. The findings showed that Prince Traidos Prabandh was not biased towards Germany. He was also neutral in reporting news from Germany.

Blockchain Innovation for Direct Democracy

Nathaporn Kayasith, Poramez Kumarnboon — Mon, 18 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purpose of this article is to design the principles for applying blockchain technology to create a fully direct democratic system governed through decentralization, there is decentralized network without top executive teams and the representatives. It built on automated rules encoded in smart contracts that consensus decision making from people directly. Anytime, their need empowering the laws or support community decision-making, the issues will send to every mobile phone and ideal individual acceptance criteria.