Science and Technology for Emerging Innovations in Praxis

DEVELOPMENT OF YANANG (Tiliacora triandra) LIQUIDS SOAP AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

2025-08-03T20:02:02+07:00

This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant activity of Tiliacora triandra (Yanang) extract and develop a liquid-soap product using the Yanang extract with desirable chemical-and-physical stability. Mature Yanang leaves were dried at 50°C, ground into powder, and extracted with 95% ethanol in a 1:20 ratio. The antioxidant activity of the extract was examined using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Five formulations of liquid soap of Yanang extract were developed and compared with a base formulation. Their chemical and physical properties were analyzed, including foam quantity and foam stability. The results showed that the Yanang extract had antioxidant activity with an IC₅₀, value of 1.46 mg/mL, while the standard ascorbic acid had an IC₅₀ value of 0.08 mg/mL. Testing of Chemical and physical property indicated that formulation 2 and 3 exhibited the highest chemical and physical stability, since there was no phase separation, and no color alteration (p>0.05). They had appropriate pH values that were non-irritating to the skin, at 7.44±0.00 and 7.42±0.09 (p>0.05), and suitable viscosity levels of 1,316±17.47 cP and 1,248±40.36 cP (p>0.05). In addition, immediate foam stability was 1.03±0.15 cm and 1.10±0.10 cm (p>0.05), also foam stability at 5 minutes was 0.9±0.10 cm and 0.9±0.20 cm (p>0.05). These findings suggested that Tiliacora triandra extract has possessed antioxidant properties and could be effectively developed a chemically and physically stable liquid-soap product, especially formulation 2 and 3, which demonstrated suitably concentrated extract and the ability to further utilize.

PEF-ACCELERATED CURING ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CEMENT COMPOSITES

2025-10-16T10:52:15+07:00

This study investigates the accelerated curing of cement composite materials using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) technology. The mechanical and physical properties of cement blended with Biomass Ash (BA) and Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) were evaluated to enhance the sustainability of construction materials. The accelerated curing was performed by applying a PEF at an electric field intensity of 1 kV/cm with BA and RCA contents ranging from 0 to 20% by weight (wt.%). Curing durations varied from 0 to 50 minutes at room temperature (25 ± 2°C), followed by standard 28-day water curing. During PEF treatment, the internal temperature increased from 35°C to 64°C due to electro-thermal conversion. The compressive strength of specimens incorporated with 5 wt.% BA showed a reduction (20–24 MPa), with a more significant decrease observed at higher BA contents (10–20 wt.%, 13–14 MPa). In contrast, cement blended with RCA maintained higher structural integrity; the compressive strength decreased slightly during the first 20 minutes and remained constant at approximately 32 MPa up to 50 minutes. Comparative results reveal that cement blended with BA exhibited a lower density and greater strength degradation compared to RCA-blended composites. The reduction in strength at extended durations is attributed to microstructural defects and increased porosity. Overall, the findings indicate that while PEF effectively accelerates the hydration process, optimizing curing duration is critical to avoid the 'shell effect' and maintain mechanical performance. PEF curing shows promise for developing high-performance, sustainable cement materials by utilizing industrial waste efficiently.

SUBSTITUTION OF COCONUT MILK WITH PLANT-BASED MILK IN PANANG CURRY

2025-09-08T15:30:59+07:00

This study evaluated plant-based milks as coconut milk substitutes in Panang curry, focusing on extraction ratio, sensory acceptance, and proximate composition, to provide alternative products for health-conscious consumers. Plant-based milks from corn, soybean, and peanuts were extracted at ratios of 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5 (plant material to water). Soybean milk at 1:4 showed the closest viscosity to coconut milk, while corn milk (1:2) and peanut milk (1:4), although statistically different, represented the most comparable viscosities within their respective sources. When used as coconut milk substitutes in Panang curry, corn milk achieved the highest overall acceptance, with 75% substitution being the maximum level that remained not significantly different from 100% coconut milk. In contrast, substitution with soybean or peanut milk significantly reduced overall acceptance. Proximate analysis of Panang curry prepared with 75% corn milk showed a reduction of more than 70% in fat content compared with the 100% coconut milk control, demonstrating its potential as a healthier alternative for consumers seeking lower-fat diets.

CORRELATIONS OF FASTING BLOOD SUGAR (FBS) AND HEMOGLOBIN A1C (HbA1c) WITH VISCERAL FAT RATIO (VFR) AND DIETARY BEHAVIOR AMONG EMPLOYEES AT DHURAKIJ PUNDIT UNIVERSITY

2025-12-10T16:01:45+07:00

Prediabetes is commonly associated with abnormal body weight and abdominal fat accumulation leading to obesity and various chronic non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to examine the relationships among HbA1c, fasting blood sugar (FBS), BMI, visceral fat ratio (VFR) and dietary behavior, specifically daily sugar intake. A total of 76 participants were divided into two groups: 40 with prediabetes and 36 with diabetes. The results indicated that 27.50% and 42.50% of the prediabetes group were overweight and obese respectively while 44.44% and 41.71% of the diabetes group were overweight and obese. The average waist circumference was 37.47 inches in the prediabetes group and 42.50 inches in the diabetes group. A VFR > 10% was found in 95.00% of the prediabetes group and 86.11% of the diabetes group. In terms of HbA1c 92.50% of the prediabetes group had levels > 5.70% while 100.00% of the diabetes group had levels > 6.50%. Regarding FBS 92.50% of the prediabetes group had levels > 100 mg/dL and 100.00% of the diabetes group had levels > 100 mg/dL.

There were significant correlations between daily sugar intake, and both BMI and elevated blood sugar levels in both groups (Prediabetes p = 0.02, Diabetes Mellitus p = 0.02). Abdominal fat and high blood sugar levels were also significantly correlated with daily sugar intake (Prediabetes p = 0.01, Diabetes Mellitus p = 0.02). These factors BMI, abdominal fat and sugar intake can help manage prediabetes and diabetes to reduce complications and the risk of developing diabetes and various chronic non-communicable diseases.