An Analytical Administrative Model Principle of TQM and Buddhist Management

Abstract

The dissertation entitled consists of three objectives: 1) to study the concepts and principles of administration based on the TQM (Total Quality Management), 2) to explore the principles of Buddhist administration and 3) to analyze the administrative model of TQM in line with Buddhism. This is conducted by the qualitative research method, collecting the data from the Tipiṭaka, Commentaries, academic textbooks and related researches.  The dissertation entitled consists of three objectives: 1) to study the concepts and principles of administration based on the TQM (Total Quality Management), 2) to explore the principles of Buddhist administration and 3) to analyze the administrative model of TQM in line with Buddhism. This is conducted by the qualitative research method, collecting the data from the Tipiṭaka, Commentaries, academic textbooks and related researches.  The results of the study showed: Total Quality Management (TQM) is recognized as an important management and promotes more responsible management of administrators and continuous human resource development. The administration based on the TQM (Total Quality Management) emphasizes the importance of improving the quality of the organization. Everyone in the organization must be involved. This is an important factor in advancing to excellence in corporate management, production management, marketing management, customer management, personnel management and financial management. Advantages of TQM are: contributing to the development of product quality, making a service to the customer satisfaction, making the organization more competitive, having a sustainable competitive advantage and providing a way for organizations to reduce production and operational costs.TQM consists of all the members involved, continuous development and customer focus. Limitations of TQM are: 1) lacking attachment to the facts, 2) lacking prevention of a recurrence of the problems, 3) having weaknesses on the TQM’s concepts and objectives, 4) focusing on too many techniques, 5) adhering to the techniques and tools as intended, 6) lacking the specific technology, 7) lacking the administrative system,8) having no commitment from senior management, 9) lacking indication of business crisis, 10) having weaknesses in defining vision and policy, and 11) lacking the discipline about the quality of the employees. For the solution to the problems of TQM, it can be seen that the administrative model of TQM in line with Buddhism should be interestingly integrated. The integrated Buddhist principles are: 1) Buddha-dhammas for resolving TQM’s limitation on customer focus are: (1) 4-Saṅgahavatthu (bases of sympathy); by using kindly speech (Piyavāca), (2) 6-Gāravatā (reverence); by taking reverence for hospitality (Paṭisanthāra-gāravatā), and (3) 7-Sappurisadhamma (quality of a good man); by knowing the different individuals (Puggaloparaññutā). 2) Buddha-dhammas for solving TQM constraints on continuous improvement are: (1) 4-Iddhipāda (paths of accomplishment); especially in the items of Viriya; using energy and Vimaṁsā; investigating to consider carefully, (2) 4-Padhāna (effort); in the item of Bhāvanā-padhāna; taking the effort to develop and to be integrated. And 3) Buddha-dhammas for solving TQM constraints onall the members involved are: (1) Sāmaggi (harmony); by taking the physical and mental harmony, (2) 6-Sārāṇiyadhamma (states of conciliation); in the item of Sādhāraṇabhogitā; sharing any lawful gains with virtuous fellows to express the love and good hope of those who are in the same society as the volunteer. This is the administrative model of TQM in line with Buddhism, resulting in sustainable development.