“够X”结构之句法功能与使用情况研究及教学建议
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摘要
在对外汉语教学中,“够”属于重点教学词汇，“够X”结构就成为必须的教学内容。为了厘清“够”的词性，分析“够X”结构的句法功能与考察其使用情况。我们借助北京大学CCL现代汉语语料库探讨了“够”的词性问题，对“够X”结构进行了句法分析，并且对“够X”各结构的使用情况进行了详细的考察。研究结果表明:（1）现行字词典与对外汉语教材对于“够”的词性存在分歧。我们发现，“够”的词性与其词义及搭配功能密切相关；（2）“够X”结构形式丰富、内部构成复杂、句法功能多样；（3）“够X”结构中，最常见的结构形式是“够+单音节名词”、“够+含有情义意味的名词”、“够+动词”和“够+形容词”。其中，“够+形容词”使用最广泛。最后，我们提出了相应的教学建议。
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