Incidence and etiology of maxillofacial trauma: A retrospective analysis of Chaiyaphum Hospital in last 3 years

Abstract

This study aimed to report the incidence, etiology, age groups, types of maxillofacial fracture, associated injuries, treatments, and behavioral risks e.g. alcohol consumption and helmet use in maxillofacial patients who were admitted to Chaiyaphum hospital in last 3 years. We conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis of patients from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019 and chose representative samples to evaluate the age groups, causes, sites of facial bone fracture, associated injuries, treatments, and behavioral risks.

          Results: There were 300 representative from 1,350 patients and (83% male and 17% female). The most common age group was 16–30  years (38%) followed by 31-45  years (24.33%) and 46–60  years (19.33%). The most common cause of injury was motorcycle accident (71%), and the most common associated injury was head injury (35.67%). Alcohol consumption was reported in 27%, and only 12.38% of  drivers wore a motorcycle helmet. The most common fracture site being the zygomaticomaxillary complex (39%), followed by mandible (22.33%) and frontal bone (10%). Most fractures were treated using open reduction and internal fixation with plates and screws. Associated factors in alcohol consumption patients  were  age group 16–30  years and had associated  injury, Associated factors in drivers who did not wore a motorcycle helmet were  motorcycle accident, fracture  more than 2 sites and admission time more than 5 days were statistic significant (p<0.05).