The effects of empowerment on self-care behavior and glycemic control in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes

Abstract

     This research was quasi-experimental study aimed at examining the effects of Empowerment on self-care behaviors and HbA1c levels among type 2 diabetic patients who have been unable to control their blood sugar levels. The sample group consisted of type 2 diabetic patients registered for outpatient care at Nakhon Phanom Hospital, with a total of 90 patients. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire, and the tool's quality was verified through content validity and reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.872. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics paired t-test, and independent t-test.
     The results: after the intervention, the average blood sugar levels (HbA1c) of the experimental group significantly decreased from M = 9.782, SD = 1.811 before the experiment to M = 8.498, SD = 1.853 post-intervention (p-value < 0.001). The average self-care behavior score of the experimental group increased significantly from M = 3.479, SD = 0.468 before the intervention to M = 3.735, SD = 0.418 after the intervention (p-value < 0.01). A statistically significant difference was observed in HbA1c levels and self-care behavior between the experimental and control groups (p-value < 0.001 for HbA1c and p-value < 0.01 for self-care behavior).