Development Model of Health Management among People Residing in the Areas of Utilizing a High Agricultural Chemicals.
Keywords:
Health Impact Assessment, agricultural chemicals, health management, Sawi DistrictAbstract
This study employed a participatory action research approach to develop a health management model for populations in areas with high agricultural chemical usage, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the health management model, using the Health Impact Assessment (HIA) process in Sawi District, Chumphon Province. The sample group includes stakeholders who participated in the study, including farmers, chemical distributors, volunteers, policymakers, and personnel in health service units. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and observation forms. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis and descriptive statistics.
The findings revealed that the developed health management model significantly reduced the incidence of pesticide poisoning and health risks among farmers. It also facilitated the management of risk factors such as promoting occupational health knowledge, GAP (Good Agricultural Practices) standards, and hazardous waste management. Additionally, the model enhanced community participation and collaboration with various organizations, contributing to sustainable health management. The interventions improved farmers’ understanding of self-protection against chemical exposure, particularly the correct use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and encouraged systematic hazardous waste management in agricultural areas, such as triple rinsing pesticide containers and proper disposal methods. Furthermore, the promotion of pesticide-free vegetable cultivation in households helped reduce expenses and increase farmers' income. This health management model emphasizes integrating cooperation between communities, government agencies, and local stakeholders to establish a comprehensive and sustainable health management system that addresses all dimensions of the issues.
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