Development of Nursing Care Model for Diabetic Patients at Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy at Suwannaphum Hospital, Roi Et Province

Abstract

     This research and development study aimed to investigate problems in the effectiveness of diabetic retinopathy care and needs for developing a care model, develop and implement a care model for diabetic patients at risk of diabetic retinopathy, and evaluate the effectiveness of the care model. The sample consisted of 10 multidisciplinary experts for focus group discussions in model development and 30 diabetic patients at risk of diabetic retinopathy for evaluation. Research instruments
included focus group discussion guidelines, general information questionnaires, self-care ability assessment forms, care efficiency assessment forms, needs assessment forms, complication records, and satisfaction assessment forms. Statistical analyses included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and paired t-test for pre-post comparison.

     The results showed that the developed care model comprised six main systems: screening system, care and treatment system, follow-up system, community partnership system, support system, and evaluation system. Quality assessment by experts showed high levels across all aspects with a mean score of 4.68 out of 5.00. Implementation results revealed that selfcare ability increased from moderate to high level, with mean scores rising from 2.85 to 3.71. Care efficiency improved from moderate to high level, with mean scores increasing from 2.97 to 4.42. Needs and requirements decreased from high to moderate level, with mean scores declining from 4.35 to 2.68. Complications reduced from moderate-to-high to low level, with mean scores decreasing from 3.73 to 1.87. Satisfaction with the care model was at a high level with a mean score of 4.48 out of 5.00. Statistical testing showed that all variables improved significantly at the .05 level.