An Empowerment-Based Model to Promote Breastfeeding among Postpartum Adolescent Mothers.

Abstract

     This survey research aimed to develop and present an empowerment-based model to promote breastfeeding among postpartum adolescent mothers, aligned with the context of Thailand’s primary health care system. The study integrated evidence from a literature review, related research, Gibson’s empowerment concept, and House’s social support framework with an analysis of real-life situations experienced by postpartum adolescent mothers and health care providers in the community. Qualitative data and descriptive analysis were primarily used to synthesize key components and processes of the model.

     The findings revealed that postpartum adolescent mothers commonly faced limitations in knowledge, skills, and confidence in their maternal role, particularly during the early postpartum period. These limitations negatively affected both the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding. Key facilitating factors included continuous support from family members and health care providers, encompassing emotional support, informational guidance, and practical assistance. Based on the synthesis of empirical data and theoretical concepts, an empowerment-based model was developed comprising four core components: 1) enhancing knowledge and understanding of breastfeeding, 2) strengthening self-confidence and decision-making capacity of adolescent mothers, 3) promoting family and social network involvement, and 4) providing continuous support from the health care system and community. Expert evaluation indicated that the developed model demonstrated good to very good levels of appropriateness, comprehensiveness, and feasibility for practical implementation, particularly within maternal and child health clinics and breastfeeding clinics at the primary care level.