Development of Dementia Prevention Guidelines for Dependent Elderly (Groups 1 and 2) through Caregiver Engagement at Ban Chiang Hian Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital, Mueang Maha Sarakham District, Maha Sarakham Province.
Keywords:
dementia prevention, dependent older adults, caregivers, cognitive stimulation, community participationAbstract
This quasi experiment research aimed to: (1) investigate the problems and needs related to dementia prevention among older adults with dependency levels 1 and 2; (2) develop a dementia prevention approach through caregiver (CG) participation; (3) examine the effects of the developed approach on cognitive status among older adults; and (4) assess the satisfaction of both older adults and caregivers with the implemented approach. The sample consisted of 50 dependent older adults and 34 caregivers from Ban Chiang Hian Health Promoting Hospital area. The research instruments included the developed dementia prevention guideline, the Thai Mental State Examination (TMSE), a caregiver knowledge questionnaire, and a satisfaction assessment form. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-test.
Results showed that most older adults were female (74%), aged 70–79 years (74%), and had primary school education (94%). Approximately 90% had underlying diseases, mainly hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Most caregivers were daughters living in the same household as the older adults (86%). The developed dementia prevention approach consisted of four cognitive stimulation activities: reminiscence using local media, music therapy, brain exercise, and food and medication management, implemented by caregivers at home for 12 weeks.The findings revealed that the mean TMSE score of older adults after the intervention ( = 26.54, S.D. = 3.25) was significantly higher than before the intervention (
= 25.86, S.D. = 3.14) at the .05 level. In addition, caregivers’ knowledge scores after the training (
= 14.65, S.D. = 0.54) were significantly higher than before the training (
= 13.12, S.D. = 1.45) at the .05 level. Furthermore, older adults reported the highest level of satisfaction with the activities, while caregivers reported high to very high satisfaction with the developed guideline.
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