ความชุกและปัจจัยเสี่ยงของเบาหวานขณะตั้งครรภ์ โรงพยาบาลสมเด็จพระยุพราชเลิงนกทา

Sarana  Boonrak

Authors

Sarana Boonrak -

Keywords:

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), Prevalence of the disease, Risk factors, Pregnant women

Abstract

This survey research by retrospective study aimed to investigate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the risk factors associated with its occurrence among pregnant women receiving services at Loengnoktha Crown Prince Hospital. The study sample consisted of 1,226 pregnant women who attended antenatal care and delivered at the hospital between October 1, 2022, and September 30, 2025. Data were collected retrospectively from medical records using a structured data collection form and analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentage, as well as the chi-square test.

The results showed that most participants were aged 20–29 years (52.20%), were experiencing their first pregnancy (42.14%), and had no previous history of gestational diabetes mellitus (99.02%). Overweight status based on BMI was found in 8.24% of participants, glycosuria during pregnancy in 1.06%, and a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus among first-degree relatives in 17.45%. Most participants had an educational level below a bachelor’s degree (87.36%) and were employed in labor work, agriculture, or other occupations (54.24%). The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was 7.01% (86 cases) among all screened pregnant women. Analysis of risk factors revealed that maternal age, previous history of gestational diabetes mellitus, glycosuria during pregnancy, and a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus in first-degree relatives were significantly associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (p < 0.05). In contrast, gravidity, BMI, educational level, and occupation showed no statistically significant association.

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