Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Pediatric Patients with Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease at Pranangklao Hospital, Nonthaburi

Abstract

     This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and clinical factors associated with treatment outcomes among pediatric patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) at Pranangklao Hospital, Nonthaburi, Thailand. A retrospective cohort study was conducted among neonates and infants aged ≤6 months diagnosed with CCHD and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit or pediatric ward at Pranangklao Hospital between 2022 and 2026. Medical records of 46 eligible patients were reviewed using a structured case record form. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient characteristics. Associations between clinical factors and treatment outcomes were analyzed using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, or Mann–Whitney U test, with statistical significance set at p<0.05.

     Results: Of the 46 patients, 80.43% were full-term infants. Tetralogy of Fallot was the most common diagnosis (21.74%), followed by Double Outlet Right Ventricle (19.57%) and Truncus Arteriosus (13.04%). Most patients (78.26%) were diagnosed during the neonatal period, with cyanosis being the most common presenting symptom (58.70%). More than half (52.17%) required intensive care. The mean hospital stay was 15.23±14.95 days. Complications occurred in 69.57% of patients, with sepsis being the most frequent (45.65%). Overall, 50.00% improved and were discharged, 28.26% were referred, and 21.74% died. The occurrence of complications was significantly associated with mortality (p=0.020).