Mental Health Literacy Regarding Depression and Approaches to Depression Prevention in the Village Health Volunteers at Samet Tai Sub-district, Bang Khla District, Chachoengsao Province.

Abstract

     This survey research aimed to examine the level of mental health literacy on depression among village health volunteers (VHVs) and to develop local guidelines for depression prevention. The studied population consisted of 113 VHVs, who met the specified criteria, from Samet Tai Subdistrict, Bang Khla District, Chachoengsao Province. The quantitative tool was a mental health literacy questionnaire on depression, developed on the basis of Jorm's mental health literacy framework. It had a content validity coefficient (IOC) of 1.00, a reliability coefficient (KR-20) of 0.81 for the knowledge, and Cronbach's alpha of 0.76 for the attitudes. The data were analyzed using descriptive and qualitative statistics. The focus group discussion, in-depth interview, and content analysis were also conducted.

     According to study results, the total scores in the aspect of knowledge, and of knowledge and belief on risk factors and causes were at a moderate, and low level (65.16%) (44.67%), respectively. Moreover, the total average score for the attitudes was at a high level (Mean = 3.58, SD = 0.54). The investigation of each aspect indicated a low level of negative attitudes towards disclosing depression (Mean = 2.31, SD = 1.15). The community-based depression prevention guidelines focus on 3 levels of development: 1) individual level: VHVs were provided, at least 3 times a year, with trainings on depression, its causes and warning signs as well as basic counseling, active listening, and positive communication skills; 2) community level: attitude-changing campaigns were organized among community members and students in different educational institutes so that individuals find the courage to disclose family issues and to seek help without fear of judgment. This was to diffuse the knowledge and understanding of depression, observation techniques, and warning signs. Additionally, the knowledge was disseminated through community radio channels, large information boards, and groups of villagers in LINE application; and, lastly, 3) network level: collaborative networks were established among VHVs, Subdistrict Health Promotion Hospitals, Subdistrict Administrative Organizations (SAO), temples, schools, senior schools, and local and provincial public health authorities. The roles for each sector were clearly defined. A rapid and efficient referral system, and ongoing follow-up care in the local area were also available.