Tay (Shan) Encroachments into the Irrawaddy Basin and the Fall of Ava: Western Mainland Southeast Asia in the “Age of Commerce”
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Nov 28, 2018
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Abstract
The “Age of Commerce,” habitually and primarily regarded as a maritime phenomenon, actually affected the interior of western mainland Southeast Asia, including the highland Tay (Shan) world, a rich source of valuable commodities, such as musk, jade, amber, and rubies, which were destined to be exported from the seaports of Lower Burma southward to Melaka and westward to India and beyond. The economic boom further activated the southward downhill movement of the Tay onto the Irrawaddy Basin, ultimately leading in 1527 to the fall of the Upper Burma capital Ava, a thriving riverine emporium. The Tay seizure of the vital trading center in the “Burmese heartland” made the western mainland a commercially more integrated unit, which would in turn be politically unified decades later by Bayinnaung, the king of the maritime state more blessed with the Age of Commerce.
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Kirigaya, K. (2018). Tay (Shan) Encroachments into the Irrawaddy Basin and the Fall of Ava: Western Mainland Southeast Asia in the “Age of Commerce”. The Journal of the Siam Society, 106, 245–277. Retrieved from https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/pub_jss/article/view/157702
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References
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Kirigaya, Ken. 2015b. “Lan Na under Burma: A ‘Dark Age’ in Northern Thailand?” JSS 103: 269-94.
Kotmai Tra Sam Duang [Law of the Three Seals]. 1962. 5 vols. Bangkok: Khurusapha.
Li Guoxiang, et al., eds. 1992. Ming Shilu Leizhuan: Shewai Shiliao Juan [Categorized Compilations of the MSL: Historical Sources on Foreign Affairs]. Wuhan: Wuhan Chubanshe.
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Lieberman, Victor. 1995. “An Age of Commerce in Southeast Asia? Problems of Regional Coherence: A Review Article.” JAS 54(3): 796-807.
Lieberman, Victor. 2003. Strange Parallels: Southeast Asia in Global Context, c. 800-1830. Volume 1: Integration on the Mainland. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Liew Foon Ming. 2008(1996). “The Luchuan–Pingmian Campaigns (1438–1449) in the Light of Official Chinese Historiography.” Reprint. In China and Southeast Asia, vol. II: Southeast Asia and Ming China, edited by Geoff Wade, 344-386.
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Maung Htin Aung. 1967. A History of Burma. New York: Colombia University Press.
Meilink-Roelofsz, M. A. P. 1962. Asian Trade and European Influence in the Indonesian Archipelago between 1500 and about 1630. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.
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