The Solutions Between Personal Income and Household Debt Problem in Thailand

Authors

  • Sakchai Naknok Faculty of Management Science, Digital Business Department, Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University under the Royal Patronage Pathum thani Province, Thailand https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-764X

Keywords:

personal income, household debt, importance performance analysis, Thailand

Abstract

Due to the numerous effects of household debt, low personal income, current spending behaviours, and rising consumer living standards, the Thai economy’s capacity to survive depends in part on credit markets. Policymakers and other pertinent stakeholders are proactive and have a concurrent awareness of the household debt and personal income of customers. The purpose of this research is to highlight the relationship between average personal income and household debt in many regions of Thailand, including the Central region and Bangkok, the Northern, the Northeastern, and the Southern regions. A four-quadrant chart or importance performance analysis matrix (IPA) was utilised to describe the perception of key attribute interpretation. According to the results, the provinces with the highest risk of debt include two in the Southern area, nine in the Northern, 12 in the Northeastern, and six in the Central region and Bangkok. In terms of preventing household debt and financial risk to households, the outcome is beneficial for the concurrent development of debt and income policies as well as for future patterns of household spending behaviour, preventing economic crises, and raising personal income in all regions of Thailand.

References

Amornlerdphanich, B. Factors Determining Household’s Debt in Northern Region of Thailand; Chiang Mai University: Chiang Mai,

Thailand, 2008.

Ando, A., & Modigliani, F. (1963). The" life cycle" hypothesis of saving: Aggregate implications and tests. The American economic review,

(1), 55-84.

Bahadir, B., De, K., & Lastrapes, W. D. (2020). Household debt, consumption and inequality. Journal of International Money and Finance,

, 102240.

Baker, S. R. (2015). Debt and the consumption response to household income shocks.

Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2541142.

Bank of Thailand (2023), Sustainable Solutions to Thailand’s Household Debt Problems, BOT Directional Paper on Financial Landscape,

February, 1-21.

Belabed, C. A., Theobald, T., & Van Treeck, T. (2018). Income distribution and current account imbalances. Cambridge Journal of

Economics, 42(1), 47-94.

Buch, C., & Dages, B. G. (2018). Structural changes in banking after the crisis. CGFS Papers, 60(4).

Retrieved from: www.bis.org/publ/cgfs60.pdf

Chamornchan, P. (2019). Effects of high household debt on the monetary policy transmission mechanism: Some evidence from Thailand.

Southeast Asian Journal of Economics, 7(2), 1-27.

Charoenchokethavee, C., Silpcharu, T., & Wattanakomol, S. (2022). Household Debt Reduction Guideline towards the Stability and

Sustainability of the Country. RES MILITARIS, 12(2), 1231-1242.

Chichaibelu, B. B., & Waibel, H. (2018). Over-indebtedness and its persistence in rural households in Thailand and Vietnam. Journal of

Asian Economics, 56, 1-23.

Duangkaew, K. (2023). Household vulnerability to poverty in Thailand. International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies,

(3-4), 335-343.

Dabelle, G. (2004), “Household debt and the macroeconomy”, BIS Quarterly Review, March, pp. 51-64.

Retrieved from https://www.bis.org/publ/ qtrpdf/r_qt0403e.htm

Eggertsson, G. B., & Krugman, P. (2012). Debt, deleveraging, and the liquidity trap: A Fisher-Minsky-Koo approach. Quarterly Journal of

Economics, 127(3), 1469-1513.

Friedman, M. (1957). A Theory of the Consumption Function. Princeton University Press.

Garver, M. S. (2003). Best practices in identifying customer-driven improvement opportunities. Industrial Marketing Management, 32(6),

-466.

Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European business

review, 31(1), 2-24.

Hall, P. A. (2020). The political power of economic ideas: Keynesianism across nations. Princeton, N.J.; Guildford: Princeton University

Press.

Hean, O., Chairassamee, N., Vakataki‘Ofa, S., Lim, X. L., Sirimaneetham, V., Anukoonwattaka, W., ... & Isgut, A. (2021). Household

consumption expenditure in Thailand during the first COVID-19 lockdown. Asia-Pacific Sustainable Development Journal, 28(2), 1 -

Jumpanoi, P., & Wanasilp, W. (2022). The Determinants of Thai Household Debt: A Macro-level Study. Journal of Demography Volume,

(2), 71.

Kohlscheen, E., Lombardi, M., & Zakrajšek, E. (2021). Income inequality and the depth of economic downturns. Economics Letters, 205,

Retrieved from: https://www.bis.org/publ/work943.htm

Lerskullawat, A. (2020). Factors affecting household debt in Thailand. International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies,

(4), 327-336.

Maneejuk, P., Teerachai, S., Ratchakit, A., & Yamaka, W. (2021). Analysis of difference in household debt across regions of Thailand.

Sustainability, 13(21), 12253.

Matzler, K., Sauerwein, E., & Heischmidt, K. (2003). Importance-performance analysis revisited: the role of the factor structure of

customer satisfaction. The Service Industries Journal, 23(2), 112-129.

Modigliani, F., & Brumberg, R. (1954). Utility analysis and the consumption function: An interpretation of cross-section data. Post-

Keynesian economics, 1(338-436).

Muthitacharoen, A., Nuntramas, P., & Chotewattanakul, P. (2015). Rising household debt: Implications for economic stability. Thammasat

Economic Journal, 33(3), 66-101.

Modigliani, F., & Brumberg, R. (1954). Utility analysis and the consumption function: An interpretation of cross-section data. Franco

Modigliani, 1(1), 388-436.

Prinsloo, J. W. (2002). Household debt, wealth and saving. Quarterly Bulletin, 63(78), 290-296.

Rubio, M. (2011). Fixed-and Variable-Rate Mortgages, Business Cycles, and Monetary Policy. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 43(4),

-688.

Shi, Y., & Hendrick, R. (2020). The problem of the fiscal common-pool: is there an overlap effect on state and local debt?. Journal of Public

Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, 32(2), 137-157.

Skok, W., Kophamel, A., & Richardson, I. (2001). Diagnosing information systems success: importance–performance maps in the health

club industry. Information & Management, 38(7), 409-419.

Von Mises, L. (2013). The theory of money and credit. New edition. NY, 487p Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.

Downloads

Published

2025-06-30