Development of a model for promoting and preventing chronic kidney disease in Chiang Mai Province.

Abstract

      This study was participatory action research aimed at developing a model for promoting the prevention of chronic kidney disease in Chiang Mai Province. The sample consisted of 221 quantitative and 60 qualitative patients with chronic kidney disease stages 2-4. Data were collected through interviews and questionnaires. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis, while quantitative data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, Chi-square test, and t-test statistics.

      The results showed that most patients had co-existing hypertension and diabetes. Pre- and post-program health behavior modifications for slowing kidney deterioration in CKD patients showed statistically significant differences (p < .001) in dietary habits, exercise, and mental health. However, medication use showed no statistically significant difference. Kidney health outcomes, specifically laboratory test results, showed no statistically significant difference before and after the program. The development of the CKD prevention model in Chiang Mai Province involved a participatory process encompassing planning, implementation, and evaluation by three pillars: 1) The Regional Health Service Plan Committee (Service Plan) as the driving mechanism, responsible for analysis, planning, and monitoring; 2) Public health units at all levels providing health behavior modification services to slow kidney deterioration and medical treatment; and 3) Patients and their families accessing knowledge about CKD from manuals, documents, and videos to improve understanding of the disease. Understanding the risks, planning for risk monitoring, managing one's own health outcomes, undergoing health check-ups, receiving treatment, and modifying behaviors to prevent kidney failure are key.