A Study the Hakka Folk Song for Writing Hakka Folk Songs Vocal Guidebook

Abstract

           The Hakka people have a unique culture. The main unique feature is the language, which differs in each area. As a result, they have different tones, including the folk song. Hakka folk songs of Hezhou City are diverse and rich in content, covering labor, life, love, festivals, and more. Hakka folk songs of Hezhou are commonly sung during work, festivals, and celebrations. These activities are designed to boost morale, relieve fatigue, and enhance enjoyment. But in the present, they are nearly extinct and corroded because of cultural impact and because there is no widespread inheritance. There is probably only one teacher in the school. But teachers do not have knowledge and understanding because they have no direct knowledge.
           This research was to study the Hakka folk song from key informants and write a Hakka folk song vocal guidebook. Qualitative research methods were utilized in this study. Researcher studied a book, article, thesis, and research report. Information was gathered from four key informants with expertise in Hakka folk song traditions from Hezhou, China, through in-depth interviews. This information was then analyzed to writing the  Hakka folk song vocal guidebook which subsequently evaluated by three experts.
           The research found that the Hakka people, residing in southern China, have a distinct culture that is evident in their work and way of life. In Hezhou City, the Hakka community maintains a robust cultural heritage, particularly exemplified through their folk singing traditions. These songs, which have been passed down through generations, highlight the importance of language use and pronunciation. They are characterized by specialized techniques such as controlled breathing and vocal execution, including throat sounds and staccato singing. Four key informants, who are direct inheritors of this tradition, recommended 16 songs to be included in a guide to Hakka singing. These selections cover a range of themes, such as homesickness, love, work, rainy days, festival celebrations, Hakka identity, and the beauty of nature. The guidebook is organized into four sections: 1. Overview of the Hakka 2. Hakka Folk Songs in Hezhou 3. Hakka vocal skills 4. Hakka Folk Songs Vocal Guidebook, which includes explanations of the songs' origins, sheet music, and singing methods. This guidebook was created through the study and collection of information from the descendants of Hakka folk songs. It presents a singing method that outlines specific skills and techniques. Singing Hakka folk songs has a distinct identity, contributing to the creation of values and the preservation of cultural heritage. This research can be utilized for teaching and dissemination purposes.