Adverbial Clauses in English Cookbooks
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Abstract
This study investigates adverbial clauses in English cookbooks. While most previous studies examined adverbial clauses in formal register, such as academic texts, this study contributes to the field by examining adverbial clauses in English cookbooks as cookbook sales have been rising as people are increasingly cooking and entertaining at home (Kelly, 2020). The data were collected from three best-selling cookbooks written by Briscione and Parkhurst (2018), Campanaro and Gambacarta (2020) and Oliver (2020). The data were manually extracted via adverbial connectors, such as until, while and if in dependent clauses. The results show that finite adverbial clauses appear the most often, followed by verbless adverbial clauses and non-finite adverbial clauses. These adverbial clauses are of four semantic classes: temporal, conditional, concessive, and reason, with temporal being the most productive, followed by conditional, concessive, and reason, respectively. The appearance of the various syntactic structures is due to the reduction of complexity effect. Productivity of temporal adverbials follows the principle of iconicity of sequence. Most adverbs appear at sentence final position because of the end-weight principle and markedness theory. This study is hoped to capture the distinctive characteristic of best-selling cookbooks with regards to sentence structures which, in turn, will provide a guideline for writing English language cookbooks.
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