A Causal Relationship of the Stress Situation and Cognitive Apprisal on Adaptive Behavior through Coping Strategies and Meaning in Life among Cadets of Royal Thai Air Force
Keywords:
Adaptive behavior, stress situation, cognitive appraisal, coping strategies., meaning in life, Cadets of Royal Thai Air ForceAbstract
The purpose of this research was to study a causal relationship of the stress situation and cognitive appraisal on adaptive behavior through coping strategies and meaning in life among cadets of Royal Thai Air Force. The sample consisted of freshman – second year 120 cadets. The content validity of the questionnaire was acceptable. The reliability with Cronbach alpha coefficients was between .89 - .94. The results of the analysis found that the causal relationship model did not fit with the empirical data (χ2 = 36.58, df = 3, χ2/df = 12.19, p = 0.0000, RMSEA = 0.309). Therefore, adjusted structural relationship by adding paths influence from stress situation and cognitive appraisal affect to meaning in life. The result reveals 1) the adjusted model that fits with the empirical data (χ2=1.18, df = 1, χ2/df =1.18, p = 0.2776, RMSEA = 0.039, GFI = 1.00) 2) the causal relationship model explain coping strategies by 42.1 percentage, meaning in life by 57.0 percentage, and all of variables explain the variance of adaptive behavior by 67.0 percentage. The finding suggested coping strategies and meaning in life are important factor and should be developed in Air Force cadets.
References
Aiken, L. R. (2003). Psychological testing and assessment (11th ed.). Allyn and Bacon. https://archive.org/details/psychologicaltes00aike/page/n3/mode/2up
Black, J. S., & Mendenhall, M. (1991). The U-Curve Adjustment Hypothesis Revisited: A Review and Theoretical Framework. Journal of International Business Studies, 22(2), 225–247. https://doi.org/10.2307/258109
Black, J. S., Mendenhall, M., & Oddou, G. (1991). Toward a Comprehensive Model of International Adjustment: An Integration of Multiple Theoretical Perspectives. The Academy of Management Review, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.2307/258863
Bowles, S. V., Pollock, L. D., Moore, M., Wadsworth, S. M., Cato, C., Dekle, J. W., Meyer, S. W., Shriver, A., Mueller, B., Stephens, M., Seidler, D. A., Sheldon, J., Picano, J., Finch, W., Morales, R., Blochberger, S., Kleiman, M. E., Thompson, D., & Bates, M. J. (2015). Total force fitness: The military family fitness model. Mil Med, 180(3), 246-258. https://doi.org/10.7205/milmed-d-13-00416
Brassai, L., Piko, B. F., & Steger, F. M. (2012). Existential attitudes and Eastern European adolescents’ problem and health behaviors: Highlighting the role of the search for meaning in life. The Psychological Record, 62, 719-734. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03395831
Cho, E., Lee, D., Lee, J. H., Bae, B. H., & Jeong, S. M. (2014). Meaning in Life And School Adjustment: Testing the Mediating Effects of Problem-Focused Coping and Self-Acceptance. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114, 777–781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro
Corry, D., Tracey, A., & Lewis C. (2015). Spirituality and Creativity in Coping, Their Association and Transformative Effect: A Qualitative Enquiry. Religions, 6(2), 499–526. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/rel6020499
Cronbach, L. J. (1970). Essentials of Psychological Testing. Harper & Row.
Gold, M. A., & Friedman, S. B. (2000). Cadet Basic Training: An Ethnographic Study of Stress and Coping. Military Medicine, 165(2), 147–152. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/165.2.147
Grillham, J. E., & Seligman, M. P. E. (1999). Footsteps on the road to a positive psychology. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 37, S163-S173. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7967(99)00055-8
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective (7th Ed.). Pearson Education.
Inthachat, N. (2018). Factor Influencing to Professional Identity of the Cadet. Modern Management Journal, 15(2), 13–28.
https://so04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/stou-sms-pr/article/view/116305 [in Thai]
Iruloh, B., & Ukaegbu, H. (2017). Social support, coping strategies and academic adjustment of first year university undergraduates in Rivers State, Nigeria. British Journal of Psychology Research, 5(1), 21-31. https://eajournals.org/wp-content/uploads/Psychosocial-Factors-Predicting-Academic-Adjustment-of-First-Year-University-Undergraduates-in-Rivers-State-Nigeria.pdf
Jun, W. H., & Yun, S. H. (2020). Mental health recovery among hospitalized patients with mental disorder: Associations with anger expression mode and meaning in life. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 34(3), 134-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2020.03.001
Khammungkul, J. (2019). Transformative Coping On Learning Adjustment Behavior of Undergraduate Students in Computer Science: The Causal Relationship Model and Effect of Program [Doctoral dissertation]. Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok. http://ir-thesis.swu.ac.th/dspace/bitstream/123456789/646/1/gs551120043.pdf [in Thai]
Kiang, L., & Fuligni, A. J. (2010). Meaning in life as a mediator of ethnic identity and adjustment among adolescents from Latin, Asian, and European American backgrounds. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39(11), 1253–1264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-009-9475-z
Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and Practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). Guilford.
Kuawiriyapan, S., & Suwannamek, O. (2020). Life style of consumers in generation z. Srinakharinwirot Business Journal, 11(1), 23–43. https://ejournals.swu.ac.th/index.php/MBASBJ/article/view/13145 [in Thai]
Kulchanathara, N. (2017.) The Psycho-Social Causal Relationship Model of Adjustment among First Year Undergraduate Students Leaving Home For Studying in Universities in Bangkok Metropolitan and Vicinity Area. [Doctoral dissertation]. Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok. [in Thai]
Lazarus, S. R., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer publishing company. https://archive.org/details/stressappraisalc0000laza
Li, M., & Yang, Y. (2016). A Cross-Cultural Study on a Resilience-Stress Path Model for College Students. Journal of Counseling & Development, 94(3), 319–332. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12088
Muangkaew, K. (2018). Meaning in Life: Psychological Strengths Variable. Journal of Education, Silpakorn University, 16, 6-23. [in Thai]
Na, H., Dancy, B. L., & Park, C. (2015). College Student Engaging in Cyberbullying Victimization: Cognitive Appraisals, Coping Strategies, and Psychological Adjustments. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 29(3), 155–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2015.01.008
Navaminda Kasatriyadhiraj Royal Air Force Academy Hospital. (2022). Treatment and time required for recovery and recovery of Air Force cadets. Navaminda Kasatriyadhiraj Royal Air Force Academy Hospital
Namfon, D. (1986). Military Socialization and Occupational Commitment: Air Cadet Study. Thammasat University, Bangkok. [in Thai]
Oreshkin, V. N., Shlykov, N. Y., Shevchenko, B. A., Kostikova, L. P., & Belogurov, A. Y. (2019). Tolerance of Ambiguity of Cadets in Military School. International Conference on Culture, Education and Economic Development of Modern Society, 310, 837-841, https://doi.org/10.2991/iccese-19.2019.180
Ostafin, B. D., & Proulx, T. (2022). Meaning in life and resilience to stressors. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 33(6), 603-622. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2020.1800655
Pearson, D. W., & Thackray, R. I. (1970). Consistency of performance change and autonomic response as a function of expressed attitude toward a specific stress situation. Psychophysiology, 6(5), 561–568. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1970.tb0224
Reker, T. G., & Wong, P. T. P. (1988). Aging as an individual process: Toward a theory of personal meaning. In J. E. Birren & V. L. Bengtson (Eds.), Emergent theories of aging (pp. 214-246), Springer.
Rovinelli, R. J., & Hambleton, R. K. (1977). On the Use of Content Specialists in the assessment of Criterion-referenced Test Item Validity. Journal of Educational Research, 2, 49-60.
Roy Callista. (1999). The Roy Adaptation Model. Stamford, Conn. Appleton & Lange, https://archive.org/details/royadaptationmod0000royc
Saelao, U. (2007). Stress and Adjustment of the First year Undergraduate Students of Srinakharinwirot University [Master’s thesis]. Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok. http://ils.swu.ac.th:8991/exlibris/aleph/a22_1/apache_media/YI79K2C2SB25RKQLN76HQFPNG96JSR.pdf [in Thai]
Tatjana, S., & Henning, K. (2020). Meaning in life and Self Control Buffer Stress in Times of Covid-19: Moderating and Mediating Effects With Regard to Mental Distress. Public Mental Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.582352
Vanichbuncha, K. (2014). Quantitative Analysis (3rd Ed.). Chulalongkorn Univerity Press. [in Thai]
Watyakorn, R. (2018). The study of factors and guidelines for supporting the new crma cadets adaptation. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 5, 1-43. https://so01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/CRMA_HUSO/article/view/154547 [in Thai]
Wongprach, B. (2018). Factors Related to Stress and Coping Stress of Nursing Students in The Royal Thai Army Nursing College. Journal of The Royal Thai Army Nurses, 19(2), 201-210. https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JRTAN/article/view/144004/106538 [in Thai]
Wongwutthiauksron, R. (2021). The Effect of Stressful Situation to Cognitive Appraisal, Transformative Coping, Self-esteem and Resilience of Students [Master’s thesis]. Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok. http://thesis.swu.ac.th/swuthesis/App_Psy/Rujira_W.pdf [in Thai]
Xiao, L., & Han, J. (2011). The Adjustment of New Recruits to Military Life in the Chinese Army. Journal of Career Assessment, 19(4), 392–404. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072711409710
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 The Periodical of Behavioral Science
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Behavioral Science Research Institute, SWU
114 Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
Tel.02-649-5000 # 17600