Wearable Health Technology: A Systematic Review of Trends, Applications, and Future Research Directions
Keywords:
Wearable Health Technology, Wearable Devices, Digital Health, Health Monitoring, Wearable SensorsAbstract
Wearable Health Technology (WHT) has gained increasing attention in the era of digital health due to its ability to provide real-time health monitoring and support health promotion, disease prevention, and remote patient care. This study aimed to review and synthesize the existing knowledge, research trends, and applications of wearable health technologies through a systematic literature review combined with bibliometric analysis. Data were retrieved from the Dimensions database for the period 2021–2024 using the search terms “wearable health technology” OR “wearable devices” on May 15, 2026. A total of 1,854 records were identified, and after screening according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, 388 articles (20.93%) met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Bibliometric findings revealed that the United States was the leading contributor, with 183 publications and 4,023 citations. Content synthesis indicated that the majority of studies focused on smart wearable devices, wearable medical sensors, continuous health monitoring, remote patient monitoring, and the integration of artificial intelligence for health data analytics. Emerging research themes included digital health, personalized healthcare, digital health equity, and real-time health data analysis. Key challenges identified across the literature involved data privacy, cybersecurity, and ethical issues related to health data use. The findings suggest that wearable health technologies have significant potential to enhance healthcare delivery systems. However, systematic standards for safety, data reliability, and personal data protection are required to ensure their sustainable implementation. Future research should further investigate clinical outcomes, including reductions in hospital readmission rates and improvements in treatment adherence.
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