Writing Research Proposals

Abstract

A  research  proposal  is  a  document  that presents  details  of  a  research  project  that  the researcher  has  designed  and  planned  in  advance.  It  is  like  a  blueprint  of  research  project or  it  can  becompared  to  the  commitment  of  the  researcher  to  undertake research  activities  based  on  the  research  plan  after  it  has  been  approved.  Therefore,  the  research  proposal  is  important  to  the  researcher  and  others  concerned  with  the research  project.  The  objectives  of  a  research proposal  were  to  serve  as  guidelines  for  research  operation, to  be  used  as  evidence  for  monitoring  the  research  operation, to  be  used as  the  document, to  be  submitted  for  approval of  conducting  the  research, and  to  be  used  as the  document  in  the  proposal  asking  for  research  grants.  A  research  proposal  has  the  following  components :  research  title, type  of  research, field  of  study, names  and  biography  of  researchers in  the  research  team, background  and  significance  of  research  problem, scope  of  research, research hypotheses, definition  of  terms, expected  research  outcomes, review  of  literature  and  related  research  studies,  references, research methodology, research  duration, research  plan  for  the  whole  research  project, places  of  conducting  research, research  apparatus  and  budget.  Principles  of  research  proposal  writing  comprise  the  principles  of  correctness, clarity, relationship  and  relevancy,  completeness, continuity, regularity  or  stability, appropriateness, feasibility,  ethics  and  code  of  ethics.