Transnational Labour Migration in Chiang Sean area under the Special Economic Zones
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The research Transnational Labour Migration in Chiang Sean area under the Special Economic Zone aims 1) to explore the situation of transnational labour migration in Wiang Chiang Saen district; and 2) to study the community strategic plan for the Special Economic Zone policy on Wiang Chiang Saen district. The data are collected through qualitative research approach and ABC Research action. The results show that labor movement in the community of Wiang Chiang Saen municipality attributes to its geographical location close to the border trade cities in Chiang Rai province, such as Mae Sai, Chiang Khong, whose borders are shared with Myanmar and Lao PDR. The area has a privilege of border trade promotion in Special Economic Zones which pull transnational labour into the municipality. The Lao labour mainly works in the service sector such as grocery shop. Most of Myanmar labour, however, serves in daily construction jobs in which duties are distributed and controlled by a foreman of Myanmar labour camp. Regarding Chinese labour, they stay specifically close to the port area where Chinese cargo ships are ashore. On the one hand, the ethnic groups in Chiang Saen municipality works as farm labour under contract with Chinese investors in agriculture like banana farms. Unlike others, most Thai labour choose to work abroad. Based on the findings, this research suggests that Wiang Chiang Saen Municipality should develop strategies for community management, which include 1) strategy on security and migrant labour employment; and 2) strategy to improve economic policy; and 3) strategy on infrastructure development and city planning to facilitate urbanization and activities in the Special Economic Zone.
Article Details
Copyright: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
References
Chalamwong, Y. et al. (2016). Khrōngkān sưksā wičhai khwāmtō̜ ngkān rǣngngān nai hā khēt phatthanā sētthakit phisēt nai hā pī khāng nā ( Phō̜ .Sō̜ . sō̜ ngphanhārō̜ ihoksip - sō̜ ngphanhārō̜ ihok sipsī ) phư̄ a rō̜ ng rapprachākhom ʻĀsīan. (In Thai) [The Study of Demand for Labor in Special Economic Zones in the next five years (B.E. 2060-2564) in connection with ASEAN Community]. Bangkok: Office of the Permanent Secretary,
Ministry of Labour.
Daoruang, P. (2002). Nǣothāng kānphatthanā mư̄ ang chāidǣn: kō̜ ranī sưksā mư̄ ang chīang sǣn čhangwat chīang rāi. (In Thai) [Development guidelines for border towns: a case study of Chiang Saen, Chiang Rai Province]. M.U.R.P Thesis (Urban Design). Bangkok: Architecture, Chulalongkorn University.
Duangamphi, A. (2012). Khō̜ sanoē nǣ choē ng nayōbāi tō̜ kānčhatkān rǣngngān khām chāt nai khēt sēt kit phisēt ʻamphoē mǣsō̜ tčhangwat Tāk. (In Thai) [Policy recommendation to management of migrant workers is special economic zone at Mae Sod District, Tak province]. M.P.A thesis (Public Policy). Phitsanulok: Graduate school, Naresuan University.
Ganjanapan, A. (2017). Phahu sangkhom kap prachākhom ʻĀsīan nai phư̄ nthī khwāmrū mānutsayawitthayā khon sāman čhetsip pī ʻānan kānčhana phan. (In Thai) [Multicultural Society with ASEAN Community in Knowledge space Anthropological common people: 70 Years Anan Ganjanapan]. Chaiang Mai: Department of Sociology. Faculty of Social Sciences, Chiang Mai University.
Hongskailers, P. (2007). Sangkhomwitthayā kānmư̄ ang kān pokkhrō̜ ng. (In Thai). [Political Sociology]. 2nd ed. Bangkok: Odeon Store.
Jangkhum, J. (2012). Phonkrathop kān khlư̄ anyāi rǣngngān sērī ʻĀsīan thī mī tō̜ kānkhā rawāng prathēt khō̜ ng prathēt Thai. (In Thai) [The impact of the ASEAN labor free movement on international trade of Thailand]. M.Ec. Thesis (Economic). Bangkok: Graduate school, Kasetsart University.
Laungarramsri, P. (2018). Lang khēt sētthakit phisēt. (In Thai) [After the Special Economic Zone]. Chiang Mai: Faculty of Social Sciences, Chiang Mai University.
Lertdhamtewe, P. et al. (2018). Kānphatthanā khēt sētthakit phisēt tām nǣothāng khō̜ ng ʻĀsīan. (In Thai) [The SEZs development in accor-dance with the ASEAN guideline]. Bangkok: The secretariat of the House of Representatives.
One Stop Service, Chiang Rai Center. (2016). Khūmư̄ nak longthun khēt phatthanā sētthakit phisēt chīang rāi. (In Thai) [A Guide to investment in the special Economic Development Zones for Chiang Rai province]. Chiang Rai: One Stop Service Center.
Prasunin, J. (2017). Community Strategic Plan for the Special Economic Zone and Areas for Sustainable Tourism in Wiang Chiang Saen Municipality. Research and Development Journal Suan Sunandha Rajaphat University, 9(1), 32-46.
Punkong, W. (2014). Khēt sētthakit phisēt bō̜ riwēn phư̄ nthī chāidǣn phư̄ a rō̜ ng rap. (In Thai) [The Special Economic Zone in the border area is to support the AEC]. Bangkokbiznewspaper, p. 1.
Rodunal, P. (2008). Chīwit rǣngngān khām chāt nai chumchon Thai: Kō̜ ranī sưksā rǣngngān sanchāt Phamā nai chumchon tam bon khōk khām ʻamphoē mư̄ ang čhangwat samut sākō̜ n. (In Thai) [Migrant worker lives in Thai rural community: The case study of migrant workers from Myanmar in Khokkham Sub-district, Mueang District, Samut Sakhon Province]. M.A Thesis (Rural study and development). Bangkok: Graduate Volunteer center, Thammasat University.
Sangkaman, S. et al. (2012). Kāntē rī yomkān rō̜ ng rap kān khlư̄ anyāi khō̜ ngrǣngngān sū kān pen prachākhom ʻĀsīan. (In Thai) [Preparation forFlow of Labor in the ASEAN Community]. Bangkok: Ministry of Labour.
School of Social Sciences, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University. (2015). Kān prachum choē ng patibatkān phư̄ a phatthanā čhōt wičhai choē ng phư̄ nthī sipʻet Karakadākhom sō̜ ngphanhārō̜ ihāsippǣt Na hō̜ ng prachumthē tbān tambon wīang chīa sǣn ʻamphoē chīang sǣn čhang-wat chīang rāi. (In Thai) [A workshop for research topic on July 11, 2014 at Wiang Chiang Saen Municipality room, Chiang Saen District Chiang Rai province. School of Social Sciences, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University]. Chiang Rai: School of Social Science, Chiang Rai Rajaphat University.
Sengchanh, S. (2013). Kānphatthanā chāidǣn kān ʻop yok yōkyāi læ kān prap tūa nai khēt sētthakit phisēt kō̜ ranī sưksā mūbān kwān mư̄ ang ton-phưng khwǣng bō̜ kǣo Sō̜ Pō̜ Pō̜ . Lāo. (In Thai) [Border development, resettlement and adaptation in a special economic zone: a case study of Khuan Village, Tonpheung District, Bo Kaeo Province in Lao PDR]. M.A. Thesis (Sustainable Development). Chiang Mai: Graduate School, Chiang Mai University.
Setthajit, R. (2015). Mahāwitthayālai rapchai sangkhom nai bō̜ ribot thotsawat thī yīsipʻet: Phayao mōdēn. (In Thai) [Engagement University in The 21st century: Phayao Model]. Bangkok: The Thailand Research Fund (TRF).
Wattanakorn, P. (2013). Phonkrathop kān khlư̄ anyāi rǣngngān sērī ʻĀsīan thī mī tō̜ kānkhā rawāng prathēt khō̜ ng prathēt Thai. (In Thai) [The impact of intra-ASEAN labor migration on economic growth of Thailand]. M.Ec. Thesis (Economic). Bangkok: Graduate School, Kasetsart University.
Yarnasarn, S. (2010). Phūmisāt ʻĒchīa tawanʻō̜ k chīang tai. (In Thai) [Geography of Southeast Asia]. Chiang Mai: Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, Chiang Mai University.
Citizen Journalists ThaiPBS. (2010). Sathānakān dān sukkhaphāp khō̜ ng rǣngngān khām chāt ʻamphoē chīang sǣn lang poē t khēt kānkhā sērī Thai - Čhīn. (In Thai) [Health situation of a Transnational Labour Mobility in ChiangSean area after opened The Thai-China Free Trade Area agreement]. Retrieved from http://www.citizenthaipbs.net/node/999
Thai PBS. (2015). Chaptā sēnthāng patirūp: nayōbāi khēt sētthakit phisēt yuk khotcha. (In Thai) [Catch up with the NCPO’s economic reforms]. Retrieved from http://program.thaipbs.or.th/newsprogram/article 688 891.ece?episodeID=718240
The Secretariat of the House of Representatives. (2014). Khēt phư̄ nthī sētthakit phư̄ nthī phisēt chāidǣn kap kān rō̜ ng rap AEC. (In Thai) [The Special Economic Zones in order to support of ASEAN Economic Community: (AEC)]. Retrieved from http://library2.Parliament.go.th/giventake/content.../nrc2557article10.pdf