Integration of Local Wisdom and Buddhist Principles in the Use of Traditional Herbal Medicine: A Case Study of Ban Wan Subdistrict, Tha Bo District, Nong Khai Province

Abstract

The objectives of this research are as follows: 1) study the body of knowledge and wisdom regarding the use of herbal medicine as found in Buddhist scriptures, 2) examine the local wisdom on the use of medicinal herbs in the Ban Wan Subdistrict community, Tha Bo District, Nong Khai Province, and 3) propose guidelines for integrating local herbal knowledge with Buddhist principles in the context of the Ban Wan Subdistrict community, Tha Bo District, Nong Khai Province. This is a qualitative research study employing semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions as the primary data collection methods. The key informants consist of 34 individuals, including Buddhist monks and laypeople from the community. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis.
The findings reveal that:
1. The Use of Herbal Medicine in Buddhism is found in the Mahāvibhaṅga (Vinaya Piṭaka, Volume 1) and Cullavagga, where the treatment of monks using herbal remedies is described. This reflects a fundamental approach to health care for the monastic community, emphasizing the balance between body, mind, and spirit. The wisdom of herbal use during the Buddha’s time aimed not only to maintain physical health but also to promote overall well-being, thereby benefiting both the individual and society.
2. The Ban Wan Subdistrict community possesses long-standing local wisdom in the use of herbal medicine, blending physical healing with mental care to achieve sustainable balance. The herbs used are known for their therapeutic properties, in line with Buddhist principles of health care. Beyond physical treatment, herbal remedies also contribute to mental equilibrium by fostering calmness and concentration through healing practices and Dhamma-based activities.
3. The application of Buddhist wisdom in herbal medicine emphasizes harmony with nature and sustainability. The proper cultivation and use of medicinal plants help minimize environmental impact while also promoting learning and self-reliance in healthcare. The integration of Buddhist principles with traditional herbal medicine creates a holistic approach to healing, supporting both physical and mental well-being, and ultimately enhancing the quality of life in the long term.