The Effect of Stressful Situations on Cognitive Appraisal, Transformative Coping, Self-esteem, and Resilience of University Students
Keywords:
Stressful situations, cognitive appraisal, transformative coping, self-esteem, resilienceAbstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the congruence of the effects of stressful situations on cognitive appraisal, transformative coping, self-esteem, and the resilience. The sample consisted of 300 students. The data were collected using a Likert questionnaire, with a reliability range of .80 to .92 and analyzed using the structural equation model (SEM). The findings manifested that the model fitted with the empirical data (Chi-square = 146.92, df = 53 (p = .00), RMSEA = .07, SRMR = .05, CFI = .99, NFI = .98, GFI = .93, and Chi-square / df = 2.77). The direction and effect size of the path analysis found that stressful situations had a direct and positive influence on cognitive appraisal (β = .89, p < .05), and resilience (β = .21, p < .05). Also, stressful situations had an indirect positive influence on resilience through cognitive appraisal, transformative coping, and self-esteem (β = .61, p < .05). Furthermore, cognitive appraisal had a directly positive influence on transformative coping (β = .84, p < .05). Transformative coping had a direct positive influence on self-esteem (β = .94, p < .05), and self-esteem had the most direct positive influence on resilience (β = .86, p < .05).
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