A CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP MODEL OF SELECTED FACTORS AFFECTING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION FOR SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION IN THE DIGITAL ERA OF PRIMARY SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS UNDER THE OFFICE OF THE BASIC EDUCATION COMMISSION IN THE NORTHEASTERN REGION

Abstract

The purposes of this research were to: 1) examine the primary school administrators’ effective Implementation of technology; 2) validate the concordance of the causal relationship model of primary school administrators’ effective implementation of technology and; 3) establish the guidelines for developing the primary school administrators’ effective implementation of technology. The research used mixed method design, divided into three phases: 1) examine and construct the hypothesis model, 2) verification with empirical data and 3) establishment of guidelines for developing selected factors. The sample consisted of 520 primary schools under the Office of the Basic Education Commission in the northeast in the 2021 academic year using a multi-stage random sampling. Research data was analyzed using LISREL program. The research findings were: 1) the primary school administrators’ effective implementation of technology in digital era was in medium score ranking. The whole selected factors were in medium score ranking, 2) the developed causal relationship model of selected factors was consistent with the empirical data  and 3) the research proposed the guidelines for developing selected factors were: technology management policy; involving staffs in policy establishment and specifying the technology policy in school management plan, school’s technology infrastructure; forming school’s technology infrastructure developing plan, assigning responsible staff and duties, teachers competencies on technology implementation; reskilling and upskilling on technology, being a good example by implementing technology in the workplace, improving technology competencies and supporting teacher-improvement, and the elementary school administrators and teachers’ competencies of technology integration throughout the school system; bringing technology in to work.