FACTORS AFFECTING INTERNATIONAL TOURISM INCOME IN THAILAND

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Premkamon Piyatat
Thanwit Buafai

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the long-run and short-run equilibrium relationships between international tourism income and four independent variables include value of agricultural products, CO2 emissions level, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The research is based on quantitative in modeling the long-run relationship using quarterly secondary data collected by various agencies for 32 quarters from the first quarter of 2015 through the fourth quarter of 2022. In achieving the objective, this study employed basic statistical data analysis, correlation test, unit root test, the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. The correlation test results that the assumption of multicollinearity has not been violated because none of the variables is greater than 0.8 and the significant results of unit root tests of 4 variables indicate the stationarity I(0). All variables can be analyzed to find long-term equilibrium relationships. Results reveal that CO2 emissions level and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) are in short-run equilibrium relationships in same direction as international tourism income, while Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) variable is in short-run equilibrium relationships in opposite direction as international tourism income. The bound test results also reveal the existence of a long-run relationship between international tourism income and the variables, with the relationship in the same direction as the CO2 emissions level and the relationship in the opposite direction with Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).

Article Details

How to Cite
Piyatat, P., & Buafai, T. (2023). FACTORS AFFECTING INTERNATIONAL TOURISM INCOME IN THAILAND. Journal of Social Science and Cultural, 7(11), 24–35. Retrieved from https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JSC/article/view/268725
Section
Research Articles

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