Yiguandao: The New Religious Movement That Needs No Science
Keywords:
Modernity, Maitreya, New Religious Movement, YiguandaoAbstract
Yiguandao, a laypeople’s new religious movement, is scrutinized in this paper through an ethnographic methodology conducted in Thailand and Indonesia. It found that (1) Yiguandao is not marginalized by mainstream Buddhism without any negotiation, instead, it interprets the new teaching to respond as well. However, its successful methods do not necessarily base on scientific explanations. (2) It emphasizes that people are able to get enlightenment in this very life, but must be helped by Chinese gods. Therefore, degrees of the Chinese identity embodied in Yiguandao’s practices vary based upon religio-politics in each country.
References
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Gottowik, V. (Ed.). (2014). Dynamics of religion in Southeast Asia: Magic and modernity. Netherland: Amsterdam University Press.
Hansen, R. (2007). How to behave: Buddhism and modernity in colonial Cambodia, 1860-1930. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Haught, J. (2014). Christianity and science: Toward a theology of nature. New York: Orbis Books.
Hornbacher, A. (2014). Contested Moksa in Balinese Agama Hindu. Balinese death rituals between ancestor worship and modern Hinduism, Gottowik, V. (Ed.), Dynamics of Religion in Southeast Asia. Magic and Modernity, (pp. 237-260). Netherland: Amsterdam University Press.
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Iqbal, M. (2007). Science and Islam. London: Greenwood Publishing Group.
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Lu, Y. (2008). The Transformation of Yiguan Dao in Taiwan: Adapting to a changing religious econommy. Lanham: Lexington Books.
Mote, F. W. (2003). Imperial China 900-1800. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Platzdasch, B, and Johan, S., (Eds.). (2014). Religious diversity in Muslim-majority states in Southeast Asia: Area of toleration and conflict. Singapore: ISEAS.
Tanabe, S. (2016). Hermits of the king’s mountain: A Buddhist utopian movement in Northern Thailand. Tanabe, S. (Ed.), Communities of potential: Social assemblages in Thailand and beyond, (pp. 21-42). Chiangmai: Silkworm Books.
Ssu-yü, T. (1958). A political interpretation of Chinese rebellions and revolutions. Journal of Chinese Studies, 1(1), 91-119.
Winichakul, T. (2015). Buddhist apologetics and a genealogy of comparative religion in Siam. Numen, 62(1), 76-99.
Xinping, Z. (2018). Religious faith of the Chinese. Singapore: Springer Nature.
Translated Thai References
Big Niravana. (2011a). Anuttaratham possessed the representative of deity. Retrieved September 24, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jWUUdIefmuQ
Big Nirvana. (2011b). Deity possessed and wrote on the sand-container in the opening day of Tai Yao Lian Temple. Retrieved September 24, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xRcseJ0PbU
Choiypaeypraetham. (2015). After five days of death, the body is still doughy. Retrieved September 24, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EhiLqY1pzAM
Dhamma and disaster. (2011). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Fang, T. (2019). The miracle of chanting Mi-le-Jen-Ching. Retrieved September 24, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ckw1VzlZgI&t=528s
Five precepts: Jigong’s teaching. (2019). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Jitmetta, Z. (2019). God’s kindness. Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Khachajiwa, J. (2002). Iconography of Maitreya Buddha from India to Asean countries. Damrong Journal of The Facuty of Archeology Silpakorn University, 1(2), 43-62.
Moral conducts for housewives in the white age. (2019). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Mirror of Karma. (2003). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Resting Mind Channel. (2013). The last age Dhamma is given to houses: Jogong’s teaching. Retrieved September 24, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZyAVDh2JM9o
Sangkhawichitra, N. (2019). Do the Bodhisattva have to fulfill paramita? Must the Bodhisattva be perfect? Journal of Religious Anthropology, 1(1), 62-76.
Scripture of Karma. (2010). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Sujira, S. (2008). Einstein found, the Buddha saw. Bangkok: Amarin Printing.
Sawat, T. (2019). Practicing Dhamma in everyday life. Retrieved September 24, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ZSPrS1Y8G0&t=115s
Saccagatha Metteya: Mi-Le-Jen-Ching. (2012). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Thewaporn. S. (1993). Scripture for abandoning sexual desire book 1. NP.
Triratna: Triple miracle gem. (2011). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Payutto, P. (1992). Buddhism as a foundation of science. NP.
Wanna, Y. (2019). Why we must be baptized. Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
15 conducts of the Buddha are the way to Buddhahood. (2019). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Buaban, J. (2019). Thai Buddhism for Indonesian elites. Journal of Social Science MBU, 2(1), 132-147.
Katherine, B. (2014). The Saint with Indra’s sword: Khruubaa Srivichai and Buddhist millenarianism in Northern Thailand. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 56(3), 681-713.
Dickhardt, M. (2014). The Social placing of religion and spirituality in Vietnam in the context of Asian modernity, Gottowik, V. (Ed.), Dynamics of religion in Southeast Asia: Magic and modernity, (pp. 55-74). Netherland: Amsterdam University Press.
Gottowik, V. (Ed.). (2014). Dynamics of religion in Southeast Asia: Magic and modernity. Netherland: Amsterdam University Press.
Hansen, R. (2007). How to behave: Buddhism and modernity in colonial Cambodia, 1860-1930. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Haught, J. (2014). Christianity and science: Toward a theology of nature. New York: Orbis Books.
Hornbacher, A. (2014). Contested Moksa in Balinese Agama Hindu. Balinese death rituals between ancestor worship and modern Hinduism, Gottowik, V. (Ed.), Dynamics of Religion in Southeast Asia. Magic and Modernity, (pp. 237-260). Netherland: Amsterdam University Press.
Husen, D. (2013). The Buddhist monks’ roles in propagating Buddhism in Indonesia. (Master’s thesis). Bangkok: Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University.
Inspiration: The Organization and Ideology of White Lotus Sects. (1976). New Haven: Yale University.
Iqbal, M. (2007). Science and Islam. London: Greenwood Publishing Group.
Jackson, P. A. (1989). Buddhism, legitimation, and conflict: The political functions of urban Thai Buddhism. Singapore: ISEAS.
Kuo, C. (2009). Religion and democracy in Taiwan. NY: SUNY Press.
Lu, Y. (2008). The Transformation of Yiguan Dao in Taiwan: Adapting to a changing religious econommy. Lanham: Lexington Books.
Mote, F. W. (2003). Imperial China 900-1800. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Platzdasch, B, and Johan, S., (Eds.). (2014). Religious diversity in Muslim-majority states in Southeast Asia: Area of toleration and conflict. Singapore: ISEAS.
Tanabe, S. (2016). Hermits of the king’s mountain: A Buddhist utopian movement in Northern Thailand. Tanabe, S. (Ed.), Communities of potential: Social assemblages in Thailand and beyond, (pp. 21-42). Chiangmai: Silkworm Books.
Ssu-yü, T. (1958). A political interpretation of Chinese rebellions and revolutions. Journal of Chinese Studies, 1(1), 91-119.
Winichakul, T. (2015). Buddhist apologetics and a genealogy of comparative religion in Siam. Numen, 62(1), 76-99.
Xinping, Z. (2018). Religious faith of the Chinese. Singapore: Springer Nature.
Translated Thai References
Big Niravana. (2011a). Anuttaratham possessed the representative of deity. Retrieved September 24, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jWUUdIefmuQ
Big Nirvana. (2011b). Deity possessed and wrote on the sand-container in the opening day of Tai Yao Lian Temple. Retrieved September 24, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xRcseJ0PbU
Choiypaeypraetham. (2015). After five days of death, the body is still doughy. Retrieved September 24, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EhiLqY1pzAM
Dhamma and disaster. (2011). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Fang, T. (2019). The miracle of chanting Mi-le-Jen-Ching. Retrieved September 24, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ckw1VzlZgI&t=528s
Five precepts: Jigong’s teaching. (2019). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Jitmetta, Z. (2019). God’s kindness. Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Khachajiwa, J. (2002). Iconography of Maitreya Buddha from India to Asean countries. Damrong Journal of The Facuty of Archeology Silpakorn University, 1(2), 43-62.
Moral conducts for housewives in the white age. (2019). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Mirror of Karma. (2003). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Resting Mind Channel. (2013). The last age Dhamma is given to houses: Jogong’s teaching. Retrieved September 24, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZyAVDh2JM9o
Sangkhawichitra, N. (2019). Do the Bodhisattva have to fulfill paramita? Must the Bodhisattva be perfect? Journal of Religious Anthropology, 1(1), 62-76.
Scripture of Karma. (2010). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Sujira, S. (2008). Einstein found, the Buddha saw. Bangkok: Amarin Printing.
Sawat, T. (2019). Practicing Dhamma in everyday life. Retrieved September 24, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ZSPrS1Y8G0&t=115s
Saccagatha Metteya: Mi-Le-Jen-Ching. (2012). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Thewaporn. S. (1993). Scripture for abandoning sexual desire book 1. NP.
Triratna: Triple miracle gem. (2011). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
Payutto, P. (1992). Buddhism as a foundation of science. NP.
Wanna, Y. (2019). Why we must be baptized. Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
15 conducts of the Buddha are the way to Buddhahood. (2019). Nakhon Pathom: Anantperyprairtham.
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Published
2020-12-30
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Buaban ๋., & Hnuplong, K. (2020). Yiguandao: The New Religious Movement That Needs No Science. Asian Journal of Arts and Culture, 20(2), 101–120. Retrieved from https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/cjwu/article/view/245003
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