การศึกษาและวิเคราะห์นโยบายเส้นทางสายไหมทางทะเลศตวรรษที่ 21 ในมิติการเผยแพร่วัฒนธรรมผ่านสถาบันขงจื่อ เส้นทางสายไหมทางทะเล : ประเทศไทย

Abstract

This research aims to 1) study and analyze how China’s Maritime Silk Road Strategy will create an advantage or disadvantage for Thailand. 2) To study and analyze the roles and duties between the Office of Chinese Language Council International (Hanban) and the Maritime Silk Road Confucius Institute in the dimension of cultural dissemination. The research describes and analyses through the Documentary Study framework of Diffusionism Theory and the Soft Power Theory. The results of the research were as follows: 1) According to the goal of the "One Belt One Road" policy, Thailand has an economic advantage, that is Thailand can develop the country into a center of trade and the distribution of products in Southeast Asia is easier than other countries in ASEAN. It also gives Thailand an advantage in terms of Transportation, Natural resources, Education, and Culture. But due to many Projects in Thailand that China has invested in do not always create benefits for Thailand, this analysis of China's strategy found that China's Maritime Silk Road Strategy also makes Thailand at a significant disadvantage in terms of natural resources. This is due to the investment in infrastructure construction in Thailand, Real estate, Mining, and other projects that cause more pollution and loss of natural resources. And in the long run, Thailand may lose the negotiation weight in many aspects that China has invested in and acts as a big capitalist as well. At the same time, if viewed in the dimension of cultural dissemination, it was found that the Marine Silk Road Confucius Institute, one of the educational institutions which were introduced for disseminate Chinese culture, values. This China’s policies may be a disadvantage of Thailand that may not be realized that using cultural dissemination strategies for foreigners can be gradually creating understanding and slowly spreading the Chinese to international. And in the long term, this form of cultural dissemination may induce the inculcation of Chinese empowering values that lead to the acceptance of Chinese internationally or even in Thailand. 2) Based on the analysis of The Office of Chinese Language Council International (Hanban) and The Maritime Silk Road Confucius Institute that the two institutions were related to each other and they were both institutions that encourage the teaching of Chinese language and culture. The Hanban office has support and assistance staff for The Maritime Silk Road Confucius institute to dispatch Chinese teachers and Chinese volunteer teachers to teach Chinese language and culture at  The Maritime Silk Road Confucius institute, universities, and schools According to important events and festivals of China in Thailand. Through cultural dissemination through Confucius Institutes, to schools, or to various units both the public and private sectors in Thailand are as helpful in encouraging and developing strategies. It is the cultural diffusion that is transmitted through social activities, Ideas, and cultures to be able to more easily achieve the goals of the One Belt One Road policy. China aims to pledge the benefits derived from this policy development back to develop China to lead China to achieve the "China Dream" goal following President Xi Jinping's wishes to resolve the problems within China.