Cultivating Gratitude for Multicultural Practitioners
Main Article Content
บทคัดย่อ
This scholarly article undertakes a comprehensive investigation aimed at elucidating the beneficial effects that the practice of gratitude has on individual well-being specifically among practitioners who operate within multicultural contexts, employing the foundational virtues outlined in the Brahmavihara 4 framework as a guiding principle. Through an extensive examination of previously published academic literature, in conjunction with rigorous empirical research studies, our objective is to systematically illustrate the manner in which the deliberate practice of gratitude, recognized as one of the key virtues within the Brahmavihara 4, serves to significantly enhance both the overall well-being of individuals and their efficacy when engaging with diverse multicultural populations. The current manuscript underscores the critical significance of actively nurturing and developing these virtues, as this practice not only contributes to the strengthening of emotional resilience but also plays a pivotal role in promoting constructive social interactions within a variety of culturally diverse environments. Cultivating gratitude among practitioners in a multicultural society can be achieved through the training of mindfulness and loving-kindness. The Mindfulness Wisdom & Loving Kindness program incorporates the Buddha's teachings in the Four Divine Abodes, helping practitioners recognize the importance of gratitude, which is a key value in Thai culture. For Thai people living abroad, this program serves as a guide to teach their children the value of gratitude, fostering love and understanding within the family. Meditation and the practice of loving-kindness create a peaceful atmosphere and improve communication. By instilling gratitude in the younger generation, we can reduce misunderstandings in families and build strong relationships, passing these values on to future generations in a sustainable multicultural society.
Article Details

อนุญาตภายใต้เงื่อนไข Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
- บทความที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของวารสาร มจร พุทธศาสตร์ปริทรรศน์
- ข้อความใดๆ ที่ปรากฎในบทความที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์ในวารสาร ถือเป็นความรับผิดชอบของผู้เขียนบทความ และข้อคิดเห็นนั้นไม่ถือว่าเป็นทัศนะและความรับผิดชอบของกองบรรณาธิการวารสาร มจร พุทธศาสตร์ปริทรรศน์
เอกสารอ้างอิง
Abbas, A. E.. (2022). Significant vs Severe Aortic Stenosis: The Rule of 4. JACC Journals. 15(22), 2345-2347.
Allen, S. (2018). The Science of Gratitude. (Paper prepared for the John Templeton Foundation by the Greater Good Science Center, at University of California, USA.
Armenta, C. N. (2017). The motivational benefits of gratitude: How appreciation drives prosocial behavior. Journal of Social Psychology. 58(1), 95–109.
Anālayo, B. (2015). Cultivating the Brahmavihāras - Barre Center for Buddhist Studies. Barre Center for Buddhist Studies. Retrieved 3 March 2024 from https://www.buddhistin quiry.org/article/cultivating-the-brahmaviharas/
Anupat, P. et al. (2023). Brahma Vihara 4: With Personnel Management In The Organi-zation. Journal of MCU Nakhondhat. 10(2), 269–282.
Bartlett, M. Y., & DeSteno, D. (2006). Gratitude and prosocial behavior: Helping when it costs you. Psychological Science. 17(4), 319–325.
Berry, J.W. (2016). Comparative analysis of Canadian multiculturalism policy and the multiculturalism policies of other countries. Psychology in Russia: State of the Art. 9(1), 4-23.
Berry, J. W., Kalin, R., & Taylor, D. M. (1977). Multiculturalism and ethnic attitudes in Canada. Canadian Psychological Review. 18(3), 65–77.
Betancourt, J. R. et al. (2016). The importance of cultural competence in healthcare. Annals of Internal Medicine. 136(10), 829–834.
Bhikkhu Analāyo. (2015). Cultivating the Brahmavihāras. Retrived 3 January 2024 from https://www.buddhistinquiry.org/article/cultivating-the-brahmaviharas/
Brambilla, G. et al. (2010). Brambilla et al. Reply. Physical Review Letters (American Physical Society). 104(16), 169602.
Cheng, S., Tsui, P. K. & Lam, J. H. M.. (2015). Improving mental health in health care practitioners: Randomized controlled trial of a gratitude intervention. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 83(1), 177-186.
Datu, J. A. D., & Mateo, N. J. (2015). Gratitude and life satisfaction among Filipino adolescents: The mediating role of meaning in life. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling. 37(2), 198–206.
Dickens, L. R.. (2019). Gratitude Interventions: Meta-analytic Support for Numerous Personal Benefits, with Caveats in Positive Psychological Intervention Design and Protocols for Multi-Cultural Contexts. SpringerLink: pp. 127-147.
Disabato, D. J., Kashdan, T. B., Goodman, F. R., & Machell, K. A. (2017). Understanding the relationship between meaning in life and symptoms of depression through a buffering model. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 73(12), 1639–1653.
Eagan, J. L. (2024). Multiculturalism and modern democracies: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Political Philosophy. 32(1), 1–19.
Emmons, R. A. and Stern, R. (2013). Gratitude as a Psychotherapeutic Intervention. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 69(8), 846-855.
Emmons, R. A. & McCullough, M. E. (2003). Counting blessings versus burdens: An experimental investigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 84 (2), 377-389.
Emmons, R. A., & Mishra, A. (2011). Why gratitude enhances well-being: What we know, what we need to know. In K. M. Sheldon, T. B.
Kashdan, & M. F. Steger (Eds.), Designing positive psychology: Taking stock and moving forward. Oxford University Press.
Farwell, L., & Wohlwend-Lloyd, R. (1998). Narcissistic processes and their impact on interpersonal relationships. Journal of Personality. 66(1), 1–27.
Franks, H. M. (2021). Activities to Practice and Cultivate Gratitude in the Physical Education Setting. The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance. 92(1), 36-41.
Fredrickson, B. L., & Joiner, T. (2002). Positive emotions trigger upward spirals toward emotional well-being. Psychological Science. 13(2), 172-175.
Flores, G. (2017). Achieving equity in health care: What are the barriers and solutions? Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved. 11(1), 12-28.
Gilbert, P. (2009). The compassionate mind: A new approach to life's challenges. New Harbinger Publications.
Griffin, E. (2016). The Benefits of Multicultural Eclectic Service Delivery. Retrived 3 June 2024 from https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1043&conte xt=ho_pubs
Hollingsworth, W. G., & Redden, R. J. (2022). Gratitude interventions and their impact on well-being: Applications for professionals under stress. Journal of Positive Psychology. 17(4), 287–298.
Jia, F., Tong, E. M., & Lee, J. M. (2014). Gratitude facilitates coping with negative affect: Evidence from an experimental study. Journal of Happiness Studies. 15(6), 1423–1435.
Jiwattanasuk, N. (2024). Cultivating Mindfulness Activities To Develop Peaceful Well-Being. Journal Of International Buddhist Studies. 15(1), 69-87.
Juneja, J. K. (2022). Gratititude and it’s importance. International Journal of Health Science. 6(S2), 9721-9728.
Jyotsna, P., & Sahota, J. (2020). Brahmavihara & its potential benefits for a harmonious workplace. MindRxiv (OSF Preprints). Retrieved 3 March 2024 from https://doi.org/10.31231/osf.io/unksp
Khan, K. A. et al. (2021). Gratitude: Building Bridges between Buddhism and Positive Psychology. Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government. 27(02), 11-13.
Kennedy, R., Scriven, J. and Nenycz-Thiel, M. (2014). When 'significant' is not significant. International Journal of Market Research. 56(5), 591-607.
Kleiman, E. M., Adams, L. M., Kashdan, T. B., & Riskind, J. H. (2013). Gratitude and grit indirectly reduce risk of suicidal ideations by enhancing meaning in life: Evidence for a mediated moderation model. Journal of Research in Personality. 47(5), 539–546.
Lambert, N. M. (2009) More gratitude, less materialism: The mediating role of life satisfaction. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 4(1), 32–42.
Loem, S. (2017) An approach for Promoting Kataññūkatavedī in Thai Society. Doctoral Dissertation (Buddhist Studies). Graduate School: Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University.
Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, D. R. (1991). Emotional intelligence and the construction of emotional meaning. In J. F. D. Velten & M. F. Steger (Eds.), Positive psychology: Research and applications. McGraw Hill.
Neff, K. D. (2003). Self-compassion: An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and Identity. 2(2), 85-101.
Nielsen, L. M. and Tollestrup, C. (2012). The Significant Models in Creating Shared Understanding in Product Developent Teams. UK: Springer.
Nyanasatta Thera. (1994). Brahmavihara Sutta: The Sublime Attitudes. Retrived 3 January 2024 from https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/an/an10/an10.208.than.html
Nyanasatta Thera. (1994). Mangala Sutta: Blessings. Retrived 3 January 2024 from https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/kn/khp/khp.5.nara.html
Pasha-Zaidi, N. et al. (2021). Gratitude and Wellbeing: Cultivating Islamically-Integrated Pathways to Health and Wellness. Toward a Positive Psychology of Islam and Muslims. Cross-Cultural Advancements in Positive Psychology. (15), 207-234.
Parekh, B. (2006). Rethinking multiculturalism: Cultural diversity and political theory (2nd ed.). Palgrave Macmillan.
Salzberg, S. (2002). Loving-kindness: The revolutionary art of happiness. Shambhala Publications.
Schimmel, C. J. (2009). Development of just and inclusive multicultural communities: An overview. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development. 37(4), 220-231.
Shanahan, C. P. (2021). Express.ng Gratitude As Expressing Oneself: Authenticity And Meaning From Gratitude. Master of Science Dissertation. The Graduate and Professional School: Texas A & M University.
Shanahan, C. P. (2021). Gratitude as a pathway to resilience: Exploring the connections to life meaning, satisfaction, and social bonds. Journal of Positive Psychology. 16(3), 201–215.
Solom, M. L., Steger, M. F., & Kashdan, T. B. (2017). The role of cynical attitudes in obstructing gratitude. Journal of Positive Psycholog. 12(3), 145–157.
Spitzner, D. J. and Meixner, C. (2021). Significant conversations, significant others: intimate dialogues about teaching statistics. International Journal for Academic Development. 26(3), 292-306.
Srirangarajan, Tara et al. (2020). Cross-Cultural Nomological Network of Gratitude: Findings From Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) and Japan (MIDJA). Frontiers in Psychology. (11), 571-582.
Thi, L., David S. and Jennifer B. (2009). Warfarin potentiation: a review of the "FAB-4" significant drug interactions. The Consultant phramacist: the journal of the American Society of Consultant Pharmacists. 24(3), 227-230.
Tsang, J. A. (2006). The effects of helper intention on gratitude and indebtedness. Motivation and Emotion. 30(3), 199–205.
Tsang, J. A. et al. (2014). Why are materialists less happy? The role of gratitude and need satisfaction in the relationship between materialism and life satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences. 64(1), 62–66.
Wandell, E. (2016). Gratitude practice programs as interventions for burnout: Enhancing engagement and well-being in non-traditional educational settings. Journal of Educational Psychology. 28(3), 245–260.
Wood, A. M. et al. (2010). Gratitude and well-being: A review and theoretical integration. Clinical Psychology Review. 30(7), 890–905.