An Analysis of Interpreting the Devatā Preferences from Their Names in the Mahasamaya Sutta

Abstract

This article aims to study the phenomenon that appears in the Mahasamaya Sutta, in which the Buddha recited the names of various deities who gathered in the Great Forest. Specifically, this refers to His naming of numerous deities before 500 Arahants. This act of name-recitation holds meanin beyond merely recording religious events; it also reflects the joy and contentment experienced by those divine beings who were mentioned, demonstrating social and psychological mechanisms that align with universal human experiences. The research reveals that being mentioned by name by a person of great worth constitutes a genuine experience of happiness. When the Buddha, a great monarch, or someone we love and respect mentions our name, we naturally feel elated, as if our hearts have received an affirming seal. This serves as a form of identity validation that generates happiness, confidence, and meaningful encouragement in life. From a psychological dimension, this phenomenon responds to fundamental needs for acceptance and self-worth. From a social dimension, name-mentioning represents recognition and honor given to an individual's status-an acknowledgment and appreciation of each person's existence that builds positive social relationships and strengthens community bonds. When compared to human experiences, we all feel delighted when important figures mention or speak of us. Interpreting the Mahasamaya Sutta from this perspective reveals that Buddhist teachings not only convey cosmic truths but also communicate faith and social psychology, with name-mentioning serving as a symbol of value affirmation and the creation of bonds of attachment. The findings demonstrate that the joy derived from being mentioned by name is not merely momentary happiness, but rather a psychological and social mechanism reflecting the needs of both humans and deities—namely, to receive acceptance, to be valued, and to exist meaningfully in the eyes of others. This article therefore proposes that the Mahasamaya Sutta can be interpreted as a scripture reflecting the dynamics of mind and society, which remains significantly relevant to understanding contemporary human experiences of happiness.