A Study of Citizenship Behavior for Thai Society
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This paper reports the results of an action research project titled A Study of Citizenship Behavior for Thai Society. The main objective of the study is to develop a model for citizenship and political efficacy of citizens. The research uses an action research model that applied a participatory public policy process as an operational tool in four local government (LG) areas. In each area a representative sample of 60 subjects was evaluated to assess pre-test and post-test citizenship levels and participation in the policy development process. Statistical methods are used to analyze changes in, and the relationship between, citizenship and political efficacy. Qualitative and quantitative data are analyzed to develop models of citizenship and political efficacy of citizens.
The results showed that the resulting model of the participatory public policy development process was able to increase participants’ levels of citizenship and political efficacy. Changes in citizenship behavior were found to have a positive relationship with political efficacy. The model developed for the study has imperative internal factors: 1) building a partnership between the civil sector and the LG from the beginning of the policy-making process; 2) the presence of public issues currently not addressed in policy that can be developed as policy through public-LG cooperation; 3) the LG is the primary management unit concerning the problem at hand; 4) local executive leadership; 5) there is a target agency to which policy proposals will be directed; and 6) the people who participate in the process have a high degree of enthusiasm. At the same time, external factors include 1) the presence of academic organizations as a linkage between the civic and public sectors, and 2) processes use participatory techniques.
The participatory public policy development model can be applied for the creation of citizenship in a democratic society by using policy development as a tool for decentralizing democracy to the community level and strengthening partnership work to create local governance. This includes strengthening the democratic mode of life at the local level. Besides, this participatory public policy development model can be used to support the National Strategy (2018 - 2037). Participatory public policy development, with citizens feeling ownership of national development, is both a means for driving the national strategic plan and an end in itself under that plan.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
@ 2020 King Prajadhipok's Institute The Government Complex Commemorating All Right Reserved.
References
Atlee, T. (2012). Empowering public wisdom: A practical vision of citizen – led politics.
Berkley, CA: Evolver Editions.
Barber, B. (1992). An aristocracy of everyone: The politics of education and the future of
America. New York, NY: Ballantine Books.
Boyte, H. C. and Kari, N. (1996). Building America: The democratic promise of public work. Philadelphia: Temple.
Coare P. and Johnston, R. eds. (2005). Adult learning, Citizenship and community voice.
Leicester: NIACE.
Coelho, S.P. and Von Lieres, B. eds. (2010). Mobilizing for democracy. London: Zed
Books.
Cornwall, A. and Coelho, V. S. (2007). Spaces for change? The politics of participation in
new democratic arenas. London: Zed books.
Cornwall, A. and Coelho, V. S. (2006). Space for change? Representation, Inclusion and
voice in new democratic arenas. London: Zed books.
Creighton, J.L. (2005). The public participation handbook: Making better decisions through citizen involvement. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley and Sons.
Dalton, R. (2009). The good citizen, How the young are reshaping American politics,
Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.
Dye, T. R. (1972). Understanding public policy. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs.
Elgar R. (ed.). (2012) Civility and democracy in America. Pullman, W.A.: Washington State
University Press.
Etzioni, A. (1995). The Spirit of Community: Rights, Responsibilities and the Communitarian Agenda. London: Fontana Press.
Fischer, F. (2000). Citizens, Experts and the environment: The politics of local knowledge. Durham NC: Duke University Press.
Fukuyama, F. (2006). The end of history and the last man. New York, NY: Simon and
Schuster.
Gaventa, J. ed. (2007). Forward, Claiming citizenship. (Vol.4), London: Zed books.
Holland, J. and Blackburn, J. (1998). Who change? Institutionalizing participation in
development. London: IT Publications.
Ingrehart, R. (1990). Culture shift in advanced industrial societies. Princeton: Princeton University.
Mansuri, G. and Vijayendra, R. (2012). Localizing development: Does participation
work?. Washington D.C.: World Bank Publications.
Mathews, D. (2016). Can public life be regenevated?. Dayton: Kettering Foundation Press.
Mathews, D. (1999). Politics for people: Finding a responsible public voice. Illinois;
University of Illinois Press.
Mathews, D. (2019). With the people: Making democracy work as It should. Dayton:
Kettering Foundation Press.
Pangle, L.S. and Pangle, T.L. (1993). The learning of liberty. Kansas: University Press of
Kansas.
Parry, G., Moyser, G. and Day, N. (1992). Political participation and democracy in Britain.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Putnam, R.D. (2000). Bowling alone: The callaps and revival of American community. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.
Rennie J. (2010). Adult learning and citizenship: A framework for understanding and
practice, in Pam Coare and Rennie Johnston eds. Adult learning, Citizenship and
community voices, Leicester: NIACE.
Rigon, A. (2014). Participation of people living in poverty in policy-making: Lessons for
implementation of post-2015. London: CAFOD.
Stiefel, M. and Wolfe, M. A voice for the excluded: Popular participation in development: Utopia or necessity?. London: Zed Books.
Stuart, M. (2000). Beyond rhetoric: Reclaiming a radical agenda for active participation in
higher education, in J. Thomson (ed.) Stretching the Academy. Leicester: NIACE.
Van de Heijden, H. ed. (2014). Handbook of political citizenship and social movement. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Verba, S. and Nei, N.H. (1972). Participation in America: Social equality and political
democracy. New York, NY: Harper and Row.
Westheimer, J. (2015). What kind of citizen? Educating our children for the common good, New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
World Bank. (1995). World Bank participation sourcebook, Environment development
paper participation series. Washington D.C.: World Bank.
วารสารภาษาอังกฤษ
Bazzul, J. (2015). Towards a politicized notion of citizenship for science education: Engaging the social through dissensus. Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, 15(3), 221-233.
Biesta, G. (2011). The ignorant citizen: Mouffe, rancieve and subject of democratic
education. Studies in Philosophy and Education, 30(2), 141-153.
Boyte, H.C. (2003). .A different kind of politics: John Dewey and the meaning of citizenship in the 21st century. The Good Society, 12(2), 259-278.
Cunill Grau, N. (1997). Rethinking the Public Sector through Society: New Forms of Public Administration and Social Representation. Venezuela: Centro Latinoamericano de Administracion para el Desarrollo (CLAD).
Dalton, R. (2008). Citizenship norms and the expansion of political participation. Political
Studies, 50(1), 76-98.
Ghai, D. and Alcantara, C.H. (1990). The crisis of the 1980s in sub-Saharan African, Latin
America and the Carribian: Economic impact, Social change and political
Implication. Development and Change, 21(3), 389-426.
Korten, D.C. (1980). Community organization and rural development: A learning process
approach. Public Administration Review, September/October, 1980, 480-511.
Lister, R. (1998). Citizenship and difference: Towards a differentiated universalism:
European Journal of Social Theory, 1(1), 71-90.
Marzuki, A. (2015). Challenges in the public participation and the decision making
Process. Sociology and Space, 53(1), 21-39.
Mathews, D. (2019). Governing with the people, connections: An annual journal of
kettering foundation, Dayton: Kettering Foundation Press.
Michels, A. and Graff, L. D. (2010). Examining citizen participation: Local participatory
policy making and democracy. Local Government Studies, 36(4), 477-491.
Pezzini, M. (2001). Rural policy lessons from OECD countries. International Reginal
Review, 24(1), 134-145.
Putnam, R.D. (1993). The prosperous community: Social capital and public life. The
American Prospect, 13(4), 35-42.
Rhodes, R. (1996). The new governance: Governing without government. Political Studies,
44(4), 652-667.
Santiso, C. (2001). Good Governance and Aid Effectiveness: The World Bank and
Conditionality. The Georgetown Public Policy Review, 7(1), 1-22.
Stoker, G. (2006). Public value management: a new narrative for networked governance?. The American review of public administration, 36(1), 41-57.
เอกสารวิชาการ
Cohen, J.M. and Uphoff, N.T. (1977). Rural development participation: Concepts and measures for project design, implementation and evaluation. Monograph Series, No.2, Rural Development Committee, Cornell University.
Gaventa, J. and Valderrama, C. (1999). Participation, Citizenship and local governance.
Background note for the workshop “Strengthening participation in local governance.” University of Sussex, Institute of Development Studies 21.
Holmes, B. (2011). Citizens’ engagement in policy making and the design of public
services. Research Paper No.1, Parliamentary Library, Parliament of Australia.
Minogue, M. (1997). The principles and practice of good governance. British Council
Briefing, Law and Governance, issue 4.
Molokwane, T. and Lukamba, M.T. (2018). Citizen involvement in the formulation of public policy. The 3rd international conference on public administration and development alternatives 4-6 July 2018, Stellenbosch University, Saldahna Bay, South Africa.
Paul, S. (1987). Community participation in development project: The World Bank
experience. Washington D.C.: The World Bank Discussion Papers. WDP-6.
Shankland, A. (2006). Making space for citizens: Broadening the ‘New democratic
spaces’ for citizen participation. Brighton: IDS, Vol 27, March, 2006.
Smith, L.B. (2003). Public policy and public participation engaging citizens and community in the development of public policy. Population and Public Health Branch, Atlantic Regional Office, Health Canada.
Westheimer, J. and Kahn, J. (2002). What kind of citizen? The politics of educating for
Democracy. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American educational
research association, New Orleans, LA.
World Bank. (1998). Participation and the World Bank: Successes; constraints, and
responses. Working paper on Upscaling and mainstreaming participation of
primary