CONTENT OF HATE SPEECH IN MAHAMAKUT BUDDHIST UNIVERSITY VERSION OF TRANSLATED COMMENTARIES

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate hate speeches in translated commentaries of Royal Thai Edition of the Pali Canon, Mahamakutarajavidyalaya Edition, Suttantapinaka ,Khuddakanikaya, Collection of Minor Works, Volume 27-28: the Jataka part 1-2 with 150 stories. The results were that: the content of hate speeches in the translated cemeteries were arguments or quarrels among characters, such as bodhisattvas, kings’ men, wealthy people, animal characters etc. There are four types of hate speeches as follows: 1) reprimanding means reproach, accusation, and scolding. The words are used to refer to reprimanding including evil, wickedness, cruelty, cunning, deception, crafty, and dump. 2) prejudice means insult, scoffing, discrimination. The words, Pickaninny, unpropitious child, and hillbilly or peasant, are referred to prejudice. 3) sarcasm means a way of sarcastically speaking with envy or jealousy. These remarks suggest sarcasm as follows: bastard, unfortunate, What’s the point of being a monk a cruel thief like you?  Why are you wearing ascetic crown? Why do you still wear hermit clothes? You’ve got a filthy mind. You are obsessed with outside training. 4) ridicule means hurtful and devalued remarks. These statements refer to ridicule as follows:  This priceless land and the throne are equal to 2.7 kilograms of rice. The goods were reasonably priced for our king only. From the mentioned hate speeches above, they bring about enmity, shamefulness, fury, low-self-esteem, and incompetent to the characters, which cause undesirable behaviors. Furthermore, the content of hate speeches in Jataka is yet a history record of socio-cultural code revealing feelings, emotions, and thoughts of people in the past through the telling stories in the form of Buddhism Jataka. Moreover, they are allowed us to know the culture of negative language usage leading to being touched and following the plot strictly as literature.