Effects of Comprehensive Activity Training Program on Cognitive and Physical Abilities Among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment
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Abstract
Background/ problem: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults often progresses to dementia, leading to reliance on assistance for physical abilities and daily living. Implementing an activity training program is essential for preserving cognitive and physical abilities.
Objective/ purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a comprehensive activity training program on cognitive and physical abilities among older adults with MCI in Thailand.
Design and Methodology: This study used a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design. The comprehensive activity training program (CATP) was developed based on the social cognitive and self-efficacy theories. The participants were 124 older adults with MCI meeting the inclusion criteria and registered at the neurological clinic at a Thai university hospital. The experimental group (EG) received 14 CATP sessions, whereas the control group (CG) performed their daily living activities. Cognitive and physical abilities assessments were collected at baseline and at weeks 8 and 16. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).
Results: The sample mean age was 69.48 years, with 77.42 percent of participants being female. The cognitive and physical activities at weeks 8 and 16 were significantly better for the EG than for the CG. A repeated measures MANOVA between groups revealed a large effect size (h2 = .19).
Conclusion and Implications: The 14-week CATP significantly improved cognitive and physical abilities among older adults with MCI. Thai healthcare professionals can implement the CATP to enhance and sustain cognitive and physical abilities and thereby promote independent living within communities and gerontology-focused clinics.
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