Comparison of Effects of Physical Activity Training on Physical Fitness in Elementary School Students
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Abstract
This study aimed to compare the effects of physical activity training on the physical fitness of third-grade elementary school students. The research sample consisted of 42 students (22 males and 20 females) from the Demonstration School of Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, selected through purposive sampling. Participants were divided into two groups: a control group of 21 students who received no intervention, and an experimental group of 21 students who underwent physical activity training for 5 weeks, 3 days per week, 60 minutes per session. Physical fitness was assessed pre- and post-intervention using grip strength, sit-and-reach, 30-second push-ups, 60-second sit-ups, and 3-minute step-up tests. Data were analyzed using means and standard deviations, with dependent t-tests for within-group comparisons and independent t-tests for between-group comparisons. Statistical significance was set at p < .05. Results showed no significant differences in physical fitness between groups (p > .05). However, the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements across all fitness components pre- to post-training (p < .05): flexibility, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and cardiovascular endurance. In conclusion, while between-group differences were not significant, within-group analysis revealed improved physical fitness in the experimental group. This suggests that 5 weeks of physical activity training may be insufficient to produce detectable between-group effects in elementary students. An extended 8-week training period is recommended for more pronounced outcomes.
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