Safe Agriculture Model for Sustainable Development in Thai Society

Abstract

This research aimed 1) to study the safe agriculture management of farmers in Thai society, 2) to develop the safe agriculture management system of farmers in Thai society, and 3) to propose a safe agriculture model for sustainable development in Thai society. The qualitative research was conducted by studying data from in-depth interviews and group discussions to gather opinions from 15 key informants, consisting of community leaders, government officials, and farmers with experience in safe agriculture. In addition, participatory action research (PAR) was applied, covering 3 main learning centers: the Agricultural Learning Center (Phonlith Farm) Ban Non Samran, Ban Rai Subdistrict, Thepsathit District, Chaiyaphum Province, the fruit network center, and the “Suan Suay 168 Ban Rai” learning center, as well as 30 farmers who participated in the participatory action research activities. The operation in 3 pilot areas focused on experimental planting of safe vegetables and fruits such as avocado, date palm, and organic salad vegetables. The research instruments consisted of semi-structured interviews, focus group question guidelines, field notes, and evaluation forms. The data were analyzed by content analysis and synthesized in connection with relevant concepts and theories.

The results revealed that 1) most farmers managed safe agriculture by applying the sufficiency economy philosophy together with GAP standards, covering soil preparation, water management, the use of appropriate plant varieties, biological methods of plant maintenance, harvesting, and marketing. 2) The development of the management system emphasized reducing chemicals, increasing the use of local wisdom and natural innovations, along with developing green markets and online marketing channels, reduce production costs, increase income, and strengthen communities. 3) The proposed safe agriculture model focused on capital management, production process, standard certification, social responsibility (CSR/CSV), The Application of Buddhist Principles and the Creation of Sustainability in Thailand’s Safe Agriculture System.