AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHRA SURIYATHEP AND ANCIENT PERCEPTIONS OF THE SUN IN THE CONTEXT OF SOLAR MYTHOLOGY

Abstract

This research article investigates two main objectives: 1) To collect forms and distinctive characteristics of Phra Suriyathep (The Sun of God) that is situated in the ancient city of Sri Thep, Phetchabun Province. Then, and 2) To analyzes the meanings that reflect the relationship between Phra Suriyathep and patterns of behaviors, beliefs, and social practices, according to Solar Mythology theory. According to the qualitative research, data were collected from related research documents and fieldwork at Phetchabun province and Bangkok conducted between October 1st, 2023, and September 30th, 2024 which is throughout the year. The research findings indicate that the ancient city of Sri Thep contains the highest number of Phra Suriyathep discovered in Thailand-up to four according to archaeological evidence. Each statue features unique characteristics that are connected to the beliefs of Brahman-Hindu in prehistoric Thai society. According to this research, it can be analyzed the significant roles of Phra Suriyathep within the context of the ancient city of Sri Thep. Phra Suriyathep, based on the solar mythology, represents the cosmic center of power, exerting influence over the destiny of all living beings. He played a crucial role in shaping the worldview of social stratification and in legitimizing the authority of leaders in their governance of the Sri Thep community. Furthermore, Phra Suriyathep served as a symbolic marker of the initial integration of Brahmanical–Hindu and Buddhist traditions within the Thai sociocultural context, an influence that has persisted to the present day.