The Patterns of Hukm Taklifi in Usul al-Fiqh: A Case Study of Surat al-Mumtahinah

Abstract

This documentary research examines the patterns of Hukm Taklifi (prescriptive rulings) in Surat al-Mumtahinah according to the principles of Usul al-Fiqh. The study aims to: 1. Examine the significance of Surat al-Mumtahinah. 2. Investigate the importance of Usul al-Fiqh and Hukm Taklifi within Islamic law; and 3. Analyze the linguistic patterns of Hukm Taklifi found in this surah. Data sources consist of primary sources including the Quran, hadith, and major works of Usul al-Fiqh, as well as secondary sources such as tafsir literature, books, and related studies. The research employs content analysis by examining Arabic expressions in the selected verses and classifying them according to the principles of Usul al-Fiqh. The findings indicate that: 1. Surat al-Mumtahinah is a Madinan chapter comprising 13 verses, listed as the 60th chapter of the Quran, addressing the testing of faith, guidelines for social relations, and principles of loyalty for Allah's sake. 2. Usul al-Fiqh serves as a methodological framework for deriving Islamic legal rulings, while Hukm Taklifi is divided into five categories: wajib, haram, mandub, makruh, and mubah. 3. The patterns identified fall into three main categories: al-ijab (obligation) expressed through imperative forms, al-ibahah (permissibility) expressed through declarative forms, and al-tahrim (prohibition) expressed through prohibitive forms