อิทธิพลของบทบาทการทำงาน กระบวนการทำงาน และแรงจูงใจในการทำงานที่ส่งผลต่อประสิทธิภาพการทำงานเป็นทีมของนักศึกษาในสถาบันการศึกษาสามแห่ง
คำสำคัญ:
แรงจูงใจ, บทบาทการทำงาน, กระบวนการทำงาน, ประสิทธิภาพ, การทำงานเป็นทีมบทคัดย่อ
การวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์คือ เพื่อ 1) ศึกษาระดับความคิดเห็นเกี่ยวกับบทบาทการทำงาน กระบวนการทำงาน แรงจูงใจในการทำงาน และประสิทธิภาพการทำงานเป็นทีมของนักศึกษา 2) วิเคราะห์ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างบทบาทการทำงาน กระบวนการทำงาน แรงจูงใจในการทำงาน และประสิทธิภาพการทำงานเป็นทีมของนักศึกษา และ 3) ตรวจสอบอิทธิพลของบทบาทการทำงาน แรงจูงใจในการทำงาน และประสิทธิภาพการทำงานที่ส่งผลต่อกระบวนการทำงานเป็นทีมของนักศึกษา ประชากร คือ นักศึกษาที่กำลังศึกษา ในมหาวิทยาลัยสามแห่ง จำนวน 5,832 คน ขนาดกลุ่มตัวอย่างเป็นไปตามเงื่อนไขการวิเคราะห์สมการโครงสร้าง และใช้การสุ่มตัวอย่างแบบชั้นภูมิร่วมกับการสุ่มตัวอย่างอย่างง่าย กลุ่มตัวอย่างที่ศึกษา 726 คน เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัย คือ แบบสอบถาม สถิติที่ใช้ คือ ค่าความถี่ ร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน การวิเคราะห์สหสัมพันธ์ การวิเคราะห์องค์ประกอบเชิงยืนยัน และการวิเคราะห์โมเดลสมการโครงสร้าง การวิจัยพบว่าระดับประสิทธิภาพในการทำงานเป็นทีมมีค่าสูงสุดอยู่ในระดับมาก และพบความสัมพันธ์เชิงบวกระหว่างบทบาทการทำงาน กระบวนการทำงาน แรงจูงใจในการทำงาน และประสิทธิภาพในการทำงานเป็นทีม นอกจากนี้ ยังพบว่าอิทธิพลทางตรงระหว่างบทบาทการทำงานกับแรงจูงใจในการทำงาน บทบาทการทำงานกับกระบวนการทำงาน แรงจูงใจในการทำงานกับประสิทธิภาพในการทำงาน และกระบวนการทำงานกับประสิทธิภาพในการทำงานเป็นทีม แต่พบว่าบทบาทในการทำงานไม่มีอิทธิพลทางตรงกับประสิทธิภาพในการทำงานเป็นทีม และพบว่ามีอิทธิพลทางอ้อมโดยผ่านกระบวนการทำงานหรือแรงจูงใจในการทำงาน
References
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Bravo, R., Lucia-Palacios, L., & Martin, M. J. (2016). Processes and outcomes in student teamwork. An empirical study in a marketing subject. Studies in Higher Education, 41(2), 302-320.
Buelow, J. R., McAdams, R., Adams, A., & Rich, L. E. (2010). Interdisciplinary teamwork: student differences and teaching implications. American Journal of Health Sciences (AJHS), 1(1), 11-22.
Carpini, J. A., Parker, S. K., & Griffin, M. A. (2017). Nurse Voice as a Catalyst in the Operating Theatre: How Voice Instigates Team Adaptation and Drives Team Efficiency. THESIS DECLARATION, 117-179.
Cater, M., & Jones, K. (2014). Measuring perceptions of engagement in teamwork in youth development programs. Journal of Experiential Education, 37, 176–186.
Cho, E., & Kim, S. (2015). Cronbach’s coefficient alpha: Well-known but poorly understood. Organizational Research Methods, 18(2), 207-230.
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Dulebohn, J. H. & Hoch, J. E. (2017). Virtual teams in organizations. Human Resource Management. 27, 569–574.
Ekimova, V., & Kokurin, A. (2015). Students’ attitudes towards different team building methods. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 186, 847-855.
Fatahi, S., & Lorestani, A. R. (2010). Design and Implementation of the Expert System for Balancing Team Formation on the Basis of Belbin Team Role. People, 3, 1-5.
Freeman, M., & McKenzie, J. (2002). SPARK, a confidential web–based template for self and peer assessment of student teamwork: benefits of evaluating across different subjects. British Journal of Educational Technology, 33(5), 551-569.
Gombolay, M. C., Gutierrez, R. A., Clarke, S. G., Sturla, G. F., & Shah, J. A. (2015). Decision-making authority, team efficiency and human worker satisfaction in mixed human–robot teams. Autonomous Robots, 39(3), 293-312.
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Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis. U.S.A.: Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River.
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Hansen, R.S. (2006). Benefits and Problems with Student Teams: Suggestions for Improving Team Projects. Journal of Education for Business, 82(1), 11–19,
Herzberg, F., Mausner, B., & Snyderman, B. B. (1959). The Motivation to Work. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Hoegl, M., & Parboteeah, K. P. (2006). Team reflexivity in innovative projects. R&D Management, 36(2), 113-125.
Hu, J., & Liden, R. C. (2011). Antecedents of team potency and team effectiveness: An examination of goal and process clarity and servant leadership. Journal of Applied psychology, 96(4), 851-862.
Hu, J., & Liden, R. C. (2015). Making a difference in the teamwork: Linking team prosocial motivation to team processes and effectiveness. Academy of Management Journal, 58(4), 1102-1127.
Jo, I. H. (2011). Effects of role division, interaction, and shared mental model on team performance in project-based learning environment. Asia Pacific Education Review, 12(2), 301-310.
Khan, M. S., Breitenecker, R. J., & Schwarz, E. J. (2014). Entrepreneurial team locus of control: diversity and trust. Management Decision, 52(6), 1057-1081.
Klangwichid, R. (2003). The effect of teamwork in operating room nurses on client satisfaction. Master of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University.
Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford.
Koenig, L. J., Smith, D. B., & Wall, S. D. (1999, June). 3 Team Efficiencies within a Model‐Driven Design Process. In INCOSE International Symposium, 9(1), 567-574.
Leesaw, C. (1993). Analysis articles and evaluation of process skills. Journal of Educational Measurement Mahasarakham University, 14(13), 54-83.
Lower, L. M., Newman, T. J., & Anderson-Butcher, D. (2017). Validity and reliability of the teamwork scale for youth. Research on Social Work Practice, 27(6), 716-725.
Luciano, M. M., Bartels, A. L., D’Innocenzo, L., Maynard, M. T., & Mathieu, J. E. (2018). Shared team experiences and team effectiveness: Unpacking the contingent effects of entrained rhythms and task characteristics. Academy of Management Journal, 61(4), 1403-1430.
Malone, T. W., & Lepper, M. R. (1987). Making learning fun: A taxonomy of intrinsic motivations for learning. In R. E. Snow & M. J. Farr (Eds.), Aptitude, learning, and instruction: III. Conative and affective process analyses (pp. 223– 253). Hillsdale, New Jersey: Erlbaum.
Marsicano, G., da Silva, F. Q., Seaman, C. B., & Adaid-Castro, B. G. (2020). The Teamwork Process Antecedents (TPA) questionnaire: developing and validating a comprehensive measure for assessing antecedents of teamwork process quality. Empirical Software Engineering, 25(5), 3928-3976.
Mathieu, J. E., Gallagher, P. T., Domingo, M. A., & Klock, E. A. (2019). Embracing complexity: Reviewing the past decade of team effectiveness research. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 6, 17-46.
Mathieu, J. E., Maynard, M. T., Rapp, T., & Gilson, L. (2008). Team effectiveness 1997-2007: A review of recent advancements and a glimpse into the future. Journal of Management, 34(3), 410-476.
Matusovich, H. M., Paretti, M. C., Motto, A. M., & Cross, K. J. (2012, January). Understanding faculty and student beliefs about teamwork & communication skills. In 119th ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition. American Society for Engineering Education.
McGrath, J. E. (1964). Social psychology: A brief introduction. U.S.A : Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Michaelsen, L. K., & Sweet, M. (2008). The essential elements of team‐based learning. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 2008(116), 7-27.
Nawamintharachini Mukdahan Industrial and Community. (2020). Number of student in Year 2018. Retrieved from https://drive.google.com/file/d/13t1Ppd9Q1z5-euEzjB8h2dC3qQ-DGQcs/view.
Newman, T., Lower, L., Wade-Mdivanian, R., Riley, A., & Anderson-Butcher, D. (2014). Promoting positive youth development among underserved youth in the United States through The Ohio State University’s life sports. In K. Gilbert & K. McPherson (Eds.), Urban sports development. Champaign, Illinois: Common Ground.
Park, G. M., Spitzmuller, M., & DeShon, R. P. (2013). Advancing our understanding of team motivation: Integrating conceptual approaches and content areas. Journal of Management, 39(5), 1339-1379.
Parker, G. M. (1990). Team players and Team work: The New Competitive Business Strategy. San Francisco, California: Jossey-Bass.
Paulus, P. B., & Nijstad, B. A. (Eds.). (2019). The oxford handbook of group creativity and innovation. United States of America: Oxford Library of Psychology.
Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University. (2020). Student Statistics. Retrieved from http://202.29.80.46/~ms/index.php/ms_student/
Rovinelli, R. & Hambleton, R. (1977). On the use of content specialists in the assessment of criterion-referenced test item validity. Dutch Journal of Education Research, 2, 49–60.
Salas, E., Burke, C. S., Fowlkes, J. E., & Priest, H. A. (2004). On measuring teamwork skills. In M. Herson & J. C. Thomas (Eds.), Comprehensive handbook of psychological assessment (Vol. 4, pp. 427–442) New York, New York: Wiley.
Salas, E., Rosen, M.A., Burke, C.S. and Goodwin G.F. (2009). The wisdom of collectiveness in organizations: An update of competencies. In: E. Salas, G.F. Goodwin and C.S. Burke (eds.), Team effectiveness in Complex Organizations: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives and Approaches. London: Routledge.
Schumacker, R., & Lomax, R. (2015). A Beginner's Guide to Structural Equation Modeling: 3rd Edition. United States of America: Routledge.
Tabassi, A. A., Ramli, M., & Bakar, A. H. A. (2012). Effects of training and motivation practices on teamwork improvement and task efficiency: The case of construction firms. International journal of project management, 30(2), 213-224.
Von Treuer, K. (2013). Group and team processes in organisations. Organisational Psychology Research and Professional Practice, 269-295.
West, M.A. (2012). Effective Teamwork. Practical Lessons from Organizational Research. London: BPS Blackwell.
Wu, C. S., & Wang, P. W. (2010). The effect of organizational culture on team interaction and team effectiveness: Team leadership as a medium. The Journal of International Management Studies, 5(2), 190-198.
Yildir, I. (2005). Group motivation and performance indicators in an online team role playing game. United States of America: University of Southern California.
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Asia-Pacific International University. (2020). Current Student Statistics. Retrieved from https://sarra.apiu.edu/Secured/Statistics/StudentStatPage.aspx
Bianco, F., & Venezia, M. (2019). Features of R&D Teams and innovation performances of sustainable firms: Evidence from the “sustainability pioneers” in the IT hardware industry. Sustainability, 11(17), 1 - 19.
Bommer, W. H., Johnson, J. L., Rich, G. A., Podsakoff, P. M. & MacKenzie, S. B. (1995). On the interchangeability of objective and subjective measures of employee performance: A meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology, 48, 587–605.
Bondarouk, T., Bos-Nehles, A., Renkema, M., Meijerink, J., & De Leede, J. (2018). Organisational Roadmap Towards Teal Organisations. Emerald Group Publishing.
Boselie, P., Brewster, C., Paauwe, J., van Woerkom, M., & Croon, M. (2009). The relationships between team learning activities and team performance. Personnel Review. 38(5), 560-577.
Bouwmans, M., Runhaar, P., Wesselink, R., & Mulder, M. (2019). Stimulating teachers’ team performance through team-oriented HR practices: the roles of affective team commitment and information processing. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 30(5), 856-878.
Bravo, R., Lucia-Palacios, L., & Martin, M. J. (2016). Processes and outcomes in student teamwork. An empirical study in a marketing subject. Studies in Higher Education, 41(2), 302-320.
Buelow, J. R., McAdams, R., Adams, A., & Rich, L. E. (2010). Interdisciplinary teamwork: student differences and teaching implications. American Journal of Health Sciences (AJHS), 1(1), 11-22.
Carpini, J. A., Parker, S. K., & Griffin, M. A. (2017). Nurse Voice as a Catalyst in the Operating Theatre: How Voice Instigates Team Adaptation and Drives Team Efficiency. THESIS DECLARATION, 117-179.
Cater, M., & Jones, K. (2014). Measuring perceptions of engagement in teamwork in youth development programs. Journal of Experiential Education, 37, 176–186.
Cho, E., & Kim, S. (2015). Cronbach’s coefficient alpha: Well-known but poorly understood. Organizational Research Methods, 18(2), 207-230.
Choi, K., & Seltzer, M. (2010). Modeling heterogeneity in relationships between initial status and rates of change: Treating latent variable regression coefficients as random coefficients in a three-level hierarchical model. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics 35(1), 54–91.
Chou, C. C., Block, L., & Jesness, R. (2012). A case study of mobile learning pilot project in K-12 schools. Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange, 5(2), 11-26.
Ciampa, K. (2014). Learning in a mobile age: an investigation of student motivation. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 30(1), 82-96.
Curşeu, P. L., & Pluut, H. (2013). Student groups as learning entities: The effect of group diversity and teamwork quality on groups' cognitive complexity. Studies in Higher Education, 38(1), 87-103.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York: Plenum
De Jong, J. P., & Den Hartog, D. N. (2007). How leaders influence employees' innovative behaviour. European Journal of Innovation Management. 10(1), 41-64.
Dulebohn, J. H. & Hoch, J. E. (2017). Virtual teams in organizations. Human Resource Management. 27, 569–574.
Ekimova, V., & Kokurin, A. (2015). Students’ attitudes towards different team building methods. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 186, 847-855.
Fatahi, S., & Lorestani, A. R. (2010). Design and Implementation of the Expert System for Balancing Team Formation on the Basis of Belbin Team Role. People, 3, 1-5.
Freeman, M., & McKenzie, J. (2002). SPARK, a confidential web–based template for self and peer assessment of student teamwork: benefits of evaluating across different subjects. British Journal of Educational Technology, 33(5), 551-569.
Gombolay, M. C., Gutierrez, R. A., Clarke, S. G., Sturla, G. F., & Shah, J. A. (2015). Decision-making authority, team efficiency and human worker satisfaction in mixed human–robot teams. Autonomous Robots, 39(3), 293-312.
Gould, D., & Carson, S. (2008). Life skills development through sport: Current status and future directions. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1, 58–78.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis. U.S.A.: Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River.
Hammar Chiriac, E. (2014). Group work as an incentive for learning–students’ experiences of group work. Frontiers in Psychology, (5)558, 1-10.
Hansen, R.S. (2006). Benefits and Problems with Student Teams: Suggestions for Improving Team Projects. Journal of Education for Business, 82(1), 11–19,
Herzberg, F., Mausner, B., & Snyderman, B. B. (1959). The Motivation to Work. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Hoegl, M., & Parboteeah, K. P. (2006). Team reflexivity in innovative projects. R&D Management, 36(2), 113-125.
Hu, J., & Liden, R. C. (2011). Antecedents of team potency and team effectiveness: An examination of goal and process clarity and servant leadership. Journal of Applied psychology, 96(4), 851-862.
Hu, J., & Liden, R. C. (2015). Making a difference in the teamwork: Linking team prosocial motivation to team processes and effectiveness. Academy of Management Journal, 58(4), 1102-1127.
Jo, I. H. (2011). Effects of role division, interaction, and shared mental model on team performance in project-based learning environment. Asia Pacific Education Review, 12(2), 301-310.
Khan, M. S., Breitenecker, R. J., & Schwarz, E. J. (2014). Entrepreneurial team locus of control: diversity and trust. Management Decision, 52(6), 1057-1081.
Klangwichid, R. (2003). The effect of teamwork in operating room nurses on client satisfaction. Master of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University.
Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford.
Koenig, L. J., Smith, D. B., & Wall, S. D. (1999, June). 3 Team Efficiencies within a Model‐Driven Design Process. In INCOSE International Symposium, 9(1), 567-574.
Leesaw, C. (1993). Analysis articles and evaluation of process skills. Journal of Educational Measurement Mahasarakham University, 14(13), 54-83.
Lower, L. M., Newman, T. J., & Anderson-Butcher, D. (2017). Validity and reliability of the teamwork scale for youth. Research on Social Work Practice, 27(6), 716-725.
Luciano, M. M., Bartels, A. L., D’Innocenzo, L., Maynard, M. T., & Mathieu, J. E. (2018). Shared team experiences and team effectiveness: Unpacking the contingent effects of entrained rhythms and task characteristics. Academy of Management Journal, 61(4), 1403-1430.
Malone, T. W., & Lepper, M. R. (1987). Making learning fun: A taxonomy of intrinsic motivations for learning. In R. E. Snow & M. J. Farr (Eds.), Aptitude, learning, and instruction: III. Conative and affective process analyses (pp. 223– 253). Hillsdale, New Jersey: Erlbaum.
Marsicano, G., da Silva, F. Q., Seaman, C. B., & Adaid-Castro, B. G. (2020). The Teamwork Process Antecedents (TPA) questionnaire: developing and validating a comprehensive measure for assessing antecedents of teamwork process quality. Empirical Software Engineering, 25(5), 3928-3976.
Mathieu, J. E., Gallagher, P. T., Domingo, M. A., & Klock, E. A. (2019). Embracing complexity: Reviewing the past decade of team effectiveness research. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 6, 17-46.
Mathieu, J. E., Maynard, M. T., Rapp, T., & Gilson, L. (2008). Team effectiveness 1997-2007: A review of recent advancements and a glimpse into the future. Journal of Management, 34(3), 410-476.
Matusovich, H. M., Paretti, M. C., Motto, A. M., & Cross, K. J. (2012, January). Understanding faculty and student beliefs about teamwork & communication skills. In 119th ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition. American Society for Engineering Education.
McGrath, J. E. (1964). Social psychology: A brief introduction. U.S.A : Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Michaelsen, L. K., & Sweet, M. (2008). The essential elements of team‐based learning. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 2008(116), 7-27.
Nawamintharachini Mukdahan Industrial and Community. (2020). Number of student in Year 2018. Retrieved from https://drive.google.com/file/d/13t1Ppd9Q1z5-euEzjB8h2dC3qQ-DGQcs/view.
Newman, T., Lower, L., Wade-Mdivanian, R., Riley, A., & Anderson-Butcher, D. (2014). Promoting positive youth development among underserved youth in the United States through The Ohio State University’s life sports. In K. Gilbert & K. McPherson (Eds.), Urban sports development. Champaign, Illinois: Common Ground.
Park, G. M., Spitzmuller, M., & DeShon, R. P. (2013). Advancing our understanding of team motivation: Integrating conceptual approaches and content areas. Journal of Management, 39(5), 1339-1379.
Parker, G. M. (1990). Team players and Team work: The New Competitive Business Strategy. San Francisco, California: Jossey-Bass.
Paulus, P. B., & Nijstad, B. A. (Eds.). (2019). The oxford handbook of group creativity and innovation. United States of America: Oxford Library of Psychology.
Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University. (2020). Student Statistics. Retrieved from http://202.29.80.46/~ms/index.php/ms_student/
Rovinelli, R. & Hambleton, R. (1977). On the use of content specialists in the assessment of criterion-referenced test item validity. Dutch Journal of Education Research, 2, 49–60.
Salas, E., Burke, C. S., Fowlkes, J. E., & Priest, H. A. (2004). On measuring teamwork skills. In M. Herson & J. C. Thomas (Eds.), Comprehensive handbook of psychological assessment (Vol. 4, pp. 427–442) New York, New York: Wiley.
Salas, E., Rosen, M.A., Burke, C.S. and Goodwin G.F. (2009). The wisdom of collectiveness in organizations: An update of competencies. In: E. Salas, G.F. Goodwin and C.S. Burke (eds.), Team effectiveness in Complex Organizations: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives and Approaches. London: Routledge.
Schumacker, R., & Lomax, R. (2015). A Beginner's Guide to Structural Equation Modeling: 3rd Edition. United States of America: Routledge.
Tabassi, A. A., Ramli, M., & Bakar, A. H. A. (2012). Effects of training and motivation practices on teamwork improvement and task efficiency: The case of construction firms. International journal of project management, 30(2), 213-224.
Von Treuer, K. (2013). Group and team processes in organisations. Organisational Psychology Research and Professional Practice, 269-295.
West, M.A. (2012). Effective Teamwork. Practical Lessons from Organizational Research. London: BPS Blackwell.
Wu, C. S., & Wang, P. W. (2010). The effect of organizational culture on team interaction and team effectiveness: Team leadership as a medium. The Journal of International Management Studies, 5(2), 190-198.
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2021-06-24
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