Online Collaborative Learning: The Good, the Bad, and the Purported in Thesis Writing

Main Article Content

Leslie B. Abance
Jay-ann Gabrillo
Joseph B. Quinto

Abstract

The discourse on online collaborative learning in thesis writing has received less attention despite numerous studies which explored learning in the online milieu. Hence, this study aimed to fathom the Online Collaborative Learning (OCL) experiences in undergraduate thesis writing of Bachelor of Arts in Communication and English Language students in a prime state university in the Cordillera Administrative Region, Philippines. Notably, this study focused on undergraduate students’ benefits, challenges, and suggestions. Employing qualitative phenomenological research, the data were gathered through semi-structured one-on-one in-depth interviews. They were analyzed following the phases of thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke (2006). Ergo, the following themes were generated. First, the benefits included joint responsibility, which envelopes (a) a divided workload and (b) shared ideas and flexible communication. Second, the challenges were composed of external problems that bracket (a) work and school demands, (b) vague instructions, and (c) limited access and member performance issues which involve background knowledge, low quality outputs, and a lack of participation. Finally, the suggestions were engagement particularly recognizing responsibility, group dynamics, and guidance. Based on the findings, recommendations are suggested for future research directions.

Article Details

How to Cite
B. Abance, L. ., Gabrillo, J.- ann ., & B. Quinto, J. . (2023). Online Collaborative Learning: The Good, the Bad, and the Purported in Thesis Writing. Asia Social Issues, 16(5), e262187. https://doi.org/10.48048/asi.2023.262187
Section
Research Article

References

Adams, W. C. (2015). Conducting semi-structured interviews. Handbook of Practical Program Evaluation, 4, 492-505.

Aishwarya, J.A., & Karuna, D.B. (2020). A study on impact of group dynamics on organisational productivity. International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, 10(2), 24721-24724.

An, H., Kim, S., & Kim, B. (2008). Teacher perspectives on online collaborative learning: Factors perceived as facilitating and impeding successful online group work. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 8(1), 65-83.

Appavoo, P., Sukon, K. S., Gokhool, A. C., & Gooria, V. (2019). Why does collaborative learning not always work even when the appropriate tools are available? Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 20(4), 11-30.

Arifin, S. R. M. (2018). Ethical considerations in qualitative study. International Journal of Care Scholars, 1(2), 30-33.

Arinto, P. B. (2016). Issues and challenges in open and distance e-learning: Perspectives from the Philippines. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 17(2), 162-180.

Asisa, N. (2021). The analysis of students’ problems on writing thesis. https://www.academia.edu/44024992/the_analysis_of_students_problems_on_writing_thesis

Azmat, A., & Mater, J. (2022). Students experience in completing thesis at undergraduate level. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 3, 291-300.

Bakker, A. B., Tims, M., & Derks, D. (2012). Proactive personality and job performance: The role of job crafting and work engagement. Human Relations, 65(10), 1359-1378.

Baticulon, R. E., Sy, J. J., Alberto, N. R. I., Baron, M. B. C., Mabulay, R. E. C., Rizada, L. G. T., & Reyes, J. C. B. (2021). Barriers to online learning in the time of COVID-19: A national survey of medical students in the Philippines. Medical Science Educator, 31(2), 615-626.

Beena, K., & Sony, M. (2022). Student workload assessment for online learning: An empirical analysis during Covid-19. Cogent Engineering, 9(1), 2010509.

Bhat, M. I., Mudhol, M. V., & Mahesh, V. (2014). Importance of electronic theses and dissertations (ETD’s) on internet: A survey of Indian ETD repository Shodganga. International Journal of Library and Information Studies, 4(2), 53-61.

Bransford, J., Derry, S., Berliner, D., Hammerness, K., & Beckett, K. L. (2005). Preparing teachers for a changing world: What teachers should learn and be able to do. NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc..

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.

Budjalemba, A., & Listyani. (2020). Factors contributing to students’ difficulties in academic writing class: Students’ perception. UC Journal: ELT, Linguistics and Literature Journal, 1(2), 135-149.

Bui, T. X. T., Ha, Y. N., Nguyen, T. B. U., Nguyen, V. U. T., & Ngo, T. C. T. (2021). A study on collaborative online learning among EFL Students in Van Lang University (VLU). Asia CALL Online Journal, 12(3), 9-21.

Camarinha-Matos, L. M., Afsarmanesh, H., & Ollus, M. (2008). Collaborative networks: Reference modeling. Boston, MA. Springer.

Chapman, K. J., Meuter, M., Toy, D., & Wright, L. (2006). Can’t we pick our own groups? The influence of group selection method on group dynamics and outcomes. Journal of Management Education, 30(4), 557-569.

Cherney, M. R., Fetherston, M., & Johnsen, L. J. (2018). Online course student collaboration literature: A review and critique. Small Group Research, 49(1), 98-128.

Chung, N. T. K., Thu, T. T. A., & Tien, N. L. (2021). Applying online collaborative writing to enhance SIU sophomore English majors’ writing skills (pp. 64-71). In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference of the Asia Association of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (AsiaCALL 2021). Atlantis Press.

Coll, C., Rochera, M. J., & de Gispert, I. (2014). Supporting online collaborative learning in small groups: Teacher feedback on learning content, academic task and social participation. Computers & Education, 75, 53-64.

De Dreu, C. K. W., & West, M. A. (2001). Minority dissent and team innovation: The importance of participation in decision making. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(6), 1191-1201.

Department of Education. (2013). K to 12 basic education curriculum senior high school-applied track subject. Retrieved from https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/SHS-Applied_Research-1-CG.pdf

Dimitropoulos, K., Manitsaris, A., & Mavridis, I. (2008). Building virtual reality environments for distance education on the web: a case study in medical education. International Journal of Social Sciences, 2(1), 62-70.

Dincă, M., Luștrea, A., Onițiu, A., Crașovan, M., & Berge, T. (2021). The effects of disciplinary composition on virtual learning group process dynamics: Students’ perspectives. Sustainability, 13(15), 8493.

Donelan, H., & Kear, K. (2018). Creating and collaborating: Students’ and tutors’ perceptions of an online group project. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 19(2), 37-54.

Ebardo, R., & Wibowo, S. (2021). I work to learn: The lived experiences of working students in online learning during covid-19 (pp. 1-4). In Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Computers in Education. Taiwan: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education.

Ekblaw, R. (2017). Advances in human factors, business management, training and education (pp. 475-483). In Kantola, J., Barath, T., Nazir, S., Andre, T. (Eds.). Effective use of group projects in online learning. Cham: Springer.

Erickson, R. (2001). Why involve students in research? In Proceedings of the Innovations in Undergraduate Research and Honors Education: Proceedings of the Second Schreyer National Conference 2001.USA: National Collegiate Honors Council

Erten, P., Kazu, İ. Y., & Özdemir, O. (2019). The effects of online collaborative learning and using e-portfolio on success, attitudes and permanency. Dicle University Journal of Ziya Gokalp Education Faculty, (36), 63-77.

Etikan, I., Musa, S.A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1-4.

Falls, I., Bahhouth, V., Chuang, C. M., & Bahhouth, J. (2014). Factors influencing students’ perceptions of online teamwork. Sage Open, 4(1), 2158244014525415.

Feldon, D. F., Maher, M. A., Hurst, M., & Timmerman, B. (2015). Faculty mentors’, graduate students’, and performance-based assessments of students’ research skill development. American Educational Research Journal, 52(2), 334-370.

Furberg, A., & Silseth, K. (2022). Invoking student resources in whole-class conversations in science education: A sociocultural perspective. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 31(2), 278-316.

Galati, A., & Avraamides, M. N. (2013). Flexible spatial perspective-taking: conversational partners weigh multiple cues in collaborative tasks. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 618.

Garcia, P. G. (2012). Collaborative learning activities in online courses: Issues and strategies. ASEAN Journal of Open Distance Learning, 4(1), 1-16.

Gokhale, A. A. (1995). Collaborative learning enhances critical thinking. Journal of Technology Education, 7(1), 22-30.

Griffiths, J. R., & Brophy, P. (2005). Student searching behavior and the web: Use of academic resources and Google. Graduate School of Library and Information Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 539-554

Hashmi, N. (2022). Challenges faced by students in writing thesis: An investigation from research students. Journal of Information Management and Practices (JIMP), 2(1), 78-95.

Haugland, M. J., Rosenberg, I., & Aasekjær, K. (2022). Collaborative learning in small groups in an online course–a case study. BMC Medical Education, 22(1), 1-10.

Hilliard, J. (2017). Students’ perceptions and experiences of anxiety in an online collaborative project (Doctoral dissertation). UK: Open University.

Hilliard, J., Kear, K., Donelan, H., & Heanay, C. (2019). Exploring the emotions of distance learning students in an assessed, online, collaborative project. European Distance and E-Learning Network (EDEN) Conference Proceedings, 1, 260-268.

Horn, M. B., & Staker, H. (2011). The rise of K-12 blended learning. Innosight Institute, 5(1), 1-17.

Ilagan, J. B., Uy, M. L., Kho, V. N., & Olpoc, J. (2021). Facilitating collaborative learning among businesses, faculty, and students in a purely online setting (pp. 614-619). In Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Computers in Education. Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education.

Kathleen, E., & Basaria, D. (2021). The relationship between perfectionism and academic procrastination in college students learning online due to the covid-19 pandemic (pp. 1197-1204). In Proceedings of the International Conference on Economics, Business, Social, and Humanities (ICEBSH 2021). . Atlantis Press.

Kim, H. J., Hong, A. J., & Song, H. D. (2019). The roles of academic engagement and digital readiness in students’ achievements in university e-learning environments. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 1-18.

Koh, M. H., & Hill, J. R. (2009). Student perceptions of groupwork in an online course: Benefits and challenges. International Journal of E-Learning & Distance Education/Revue internationale due learning et la formation à distance, 23(2), 69-92.

Ku, H. Y., Tseng, H. W., & Akarasriworn, C. (2013). Collaboration factors, teamwork satisfaction, and student attitudes toward online collaborative learning. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3), 922-929.

Kyndt, E., Berghmans, I., Dochy, F., & Bulckens, L. (2013). “Time is not enough.” Workload in higher education: A student perspective. Higher Education Research & Development, 33(4), 684-698.

Lee, J., & Osman, G. (2021). Students’ experiences and perceptions of online collaborative learning in higher education of Korea and the UAE. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 22(1), 1-18.

Leggetter, S., & Sapsed, S. (2010). Identifying and addressing the challenges of facilitating the development of key research skills in Master’s level public health students with a diverse range of educational and ethnic backgrounds. UK: University of Bedfordshire.

Lei, M., & Medwell, J. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on student teachers: How the shift to online collaborative learning affects student teachers’ learning and future teaching in a Chinese context. Asia Pacific Education Review, 22(2), 169-179.

Lieber, B. A., Wilson, T. A., Bell, R. S., Ashley, W. W., Barrow, D. L., & Wolfe, S. Q. (2014). Gauging the feasibility of cost-sharing and medical student interest groups to reduce interview costs. Neurosurgical Focus, 37(5), 1-5.

Lin, L. (2015). Exploring collaborative learning: Theoretical and conceptual perspectives. Berlin, Germany: Springer.

Lohmann, G., Pratt, M. A., Benckendorff, P., Strickland, P., Reynolds, P., & Whitelaw, P. A. (2019). Online business simulations: authentic teamwork, learning outcomes, and satisfaction. Higher Education, 77(3), 455-472.

Lopez, M. C., Punay, J. J. D., & Quinto, J. B. (2022). Written correspondence: Challenges and adjustments of BACOM students in online learning. ELT Forum: Journal of English Language Teaching, 11(2), 88-104.

Majid, M. A. A., Othman, M., Mohamad, S. F., Lim, S. A. H., & Yusof, A. (2017). Piloting for interviews in qualitative research: Operationalization and lessons learnt. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(4), 1073-1080.

Matin, M. A., & Khan, M. A. (2017). Common problems faced by postgraduate students during their thesis works in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education, 8(1), 22-27.

Mayer, R. E. (2018). Thirty years of research on online learning. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(2), 152-159.

Mbato, C. L., & Cendra, A. (2019). Efl undergraduate students’ self-regulation in thesis writing: help-seeking and motivation-regulation. Journal of English Language and Education, 5(1), 66-82.

Medaille, A., & Usinger, J. (2020). “That’s going to be the hardest thing for me”: tensions experienced by quiet students during collaborative learning situations. Educational Studies, 46(2), 240-257.

Miedijensky, S., & Lichtinger, E. (2016). Seminar for Master’s thesis projects: Promoting students’ self-regulation. International Journal of Higher Education, 5(4), 13-26.

Moore, M. G., & Kearsley, G. (2020). Distance education: A systems view of online learning. Educational Review, 72(6), 800.

Moser, A., & Korstjens, I. (2018). Series: Practical guidance to qualitative research. Part 3: Sampling, data collection and analysis. European Journal of General Practice, 24(1), 9-18.

Murtonen, M., Olkinuora, E., Tynjälä, P., & Lehtinen, E. (2008). “Do I need research skills in working life?”: University students’ motivation and difficulties in quantitative methods courses. Higher Education, 56(5), 599-612.

Pacho, T. (2015). Exploring participants’ experiences using case study. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 5(4), 44-53.

Paltridge, B., & Starfield, S. (2007). Thesis and dissertation writing in a second language: A handbook for supervisors. London: Routledge.

Patricio, G. (2022). Research, writing, and collaborative skills, and research Output quality of senior high school students under the new normal. Journal of World Englishes and Educational Practices, 4(2), 35-69.

Pusztai, G., & Kocsis, Z. (2019). Combining and balancing work and study on the eastern border of Europe. Social Sciences, 8(193), 1-12.

Qasem, F. A. A., & Zayid, E. I. M. (2019). The challenges and problems faced by students in the early stage of writing research projects in L2, University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia. European Journal of Special Education Research, 4(1), 33, 32-47.

Quinto, J. B. (2021). COVIDifying education through the lens of award-winning educators in a state university in the Philippines. European Journal of Teaching and Education, 3(2), 42-56.

Quinto, J. B. (2022a). CMO no. 15, s. 2019: Graduate students, are you ready for this? Journal of International Education, 4(1), 54-62.

Quinto, J. B. (2022b). Seize the day or seize theses? The challenges in undergraduate thesis writing. Issues in Educational Research, 32(4), 1567-1583.

Quinto, J. B., & Cacanindin, M. R. (2022). ISCORE model: Formative feedback is core in synchronous classes. Innovations, 71(5), 727-737.

Roberts, T. (2004). Online collaborative learning: Theory and practice. IGI Global.

Rotas, E., & Cahapay, M. (2020). Difficulties in remote learning: Voices of Philippine university students in the wake of covid-19 crisis. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(2), 147-158.

Sajaril, A. E., Rahmatia, R., & Syahira, S. (2020). The student perspectives on the effectiveness of zoom meeting media in increasing knowledge of thesis writing at STKIP Muhammadiyah Manokwari. International Journal of Education, Information Technology, and Others, 3(2), 333-337.

Saunders, L., & Corning, S. (2020). From cooperation to collaboration: Toward a framework for deepening library partnerships. Journal of Library Administration, 60(5), 453-469.

Schneider, A., Gardner, W. L., Hinojosa, A., & Marin, A. (2014). Emotional responses of leaders to passive versus active members. Leadership, 10(4), 412-436.

So, H.-J., & Brush, T. A. (2008). Student perceptions of collaborative learning, social presence and satisfaction in a blended learning environment: Relationships and critical factors. Computers & Education, 51(1), 318-336.

Sridharan, B., & Boud, D. (2019). The effects of peer judgements on teamwork and self-assessment ability in collaborative group work. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 44(6), 894-909.

Stephens, G. E., & Roberts, K.L. (2017). Facilitating collaboration in online groups. Journal of Educators Online, 14(1), 1-16.

Sumandiyar, A., Husain, M. N., Genggong, M. S., Nanda, I., & Fachruddin, S. (2021). The effectiveness of hybrid learning as instructional media amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi, 5(3), 651-664.

Tiwari, H. P. (2019). Writing thesis in English education: Challenges faced by students. Journal of NELTA Gandaki, 1, 45-52.

Tosuntaş, Ş. B. (2020). Diffusion of responsibility in group work: Social loafing. Journal of Pedagogical Research, 4(3), 344- 358.

Wang, Q. (2009). Design and evaluation of a collaborative learning environment. Computers & Education, 53(4), 1138-1146.

Warren, M. D. (1978). Aide-mémoire for preparing a protocol. British Medical Journal, 1(6121), 1195.

Wildman, J. L., Nguyen, D. M., Duong, N. S., & Warren, C. (2021). Student teamwork during COVID-19: Challenges, changes, and consequences. Small Group Research, 52(2), 119-134.

Wilson, L., Ho, S., & Brookes, R. H. (2018). Student perceptions of teamwork within assessment tasks in undergraduate science degrees. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 43(5), 786-799.

Wise, B., & van Luyn, A. (2020). Not ‘all writing is creative writing’ and that’s ok: inter/disciplinary collaboration in writing and writing studies. Third Text, 24, 1-15.

Worthington, M. (2013). Differences between phenomenological research and a basic qualitative research design. Retrieved from http://a1149861.sites.myregisteredsite.com/DifferencesBetweenPhenomenologicalResearchAndBasicQualitativeResearchDesign.pdf

Wu, D., & Buripakdi, A. (2022). Narratives of EFL postgraduate thesis writing at a University in Thailand. LEARN Journal: Language Education and Acquisition Research Network, 15(1), 495-523.

Wut, T., & Xu, J. (2021). Person-to-person interactions in online classroom settings under the impact of COVID-19: A social presence theory perspective. Asia Pacific Education Review, 22(3), 371-383.

Zhu, C. (2012). Student satisfaction, performance, and knowledge construction in online collaborative learning. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 15(1), 127-136.

Zhu, C., Valcke, M., & Schellens, T. (2010). A cross‐cultural study of teacher perspectives on teacher roles and adoption of online collaborative learning in higher education. European Journal of Teacher Education, 33(2), 147-165.

Zutshi, A., McDonald, G., & Kalejs, L. (2012). Challenges in collaborative writing: addressing authorship attribution. European Business Review, 24(1), 28-46.