Evolving of Low-wage Migrant Workers’ Health Information Seeking Roles Pre and Post Covid-19

Main Article Content

Weerachaya Jarupreechachan
Thattapon Surasak

Abstract

An estimated 164 million people work as migrant workers, and many of them are low-income individuals who face a significant risk of virus transmission as a result of contact to the environment and during work. This study intends to provide light on how the behavior and roles of migrant low-income workers in seeking out health information have evolved over time, both before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. We used semi-structured interviews as part of an exploratory qualitative study to learn more about the low-wage migrant Thai workers experiences in Taiwan. Thematic analysis was used to examine the interview data. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, migrant Thai workers evolved unique health information habits and roles. Due to their perceived dangers, they also expanded their care to include those in their immediate social circle and switched from seeking health information as sufferers to doing so as caregivers. This study recognizes and responds to the needs of the societys most vulnerable migrant workers. The results of this study would direct the government and technological solutions to meet their requirements for health information in the right ways.

Article Details

How to Cite
Jarupreechachan, W., & Surasak, T. (2024). Evolving of Low-wage Migrant Workers’ Health Information Seeking Roles Pre and Post Covid-19. Asia Social Issues, 17(5), e264628. https://doi.org/10.48048/asi.2024.264628
Section
Research Article

References

Banyan. (2023). Let Taiwan into the world health organization. Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/asia/2020/03/26/let-taiwan-into-the-world-health-organisation

Bender, J. L., Jimenez-Marroquin, M. C., & Jadad, A. R. (2011). Seeking support on Facebook: A content analysis of breast cancer groups. Journal of medical Internet research, 13(1), e1560.

Bradby, H., Humphris, R., Newall, D., & Phillimore, J. (2015). Public health aspects of migrant health. Retrieved from http://books.google.ie/books?id=ryR-zgEACAAJ&dq=Public+health+aspects+of+migrant+health:+A+review+of+the+evidence+on+health+status+for+refugees+and+asylum+seekers+in+the+European+Region.&hl=&cd=4&source=gbs_api.

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101.

Brown, M. P., Domenzain, A., & Villoria-Siegert, N. (2002). Voices from the margins: Immigrant workers’ perceptions of health and safety in the workplace. USA: UCLA Labor Occupational Safety and Health Program.

Burghle, A., Abrahamsen, B., Lundby, C., Rossing, C., Hansen, R. N., Nørgaard, L. S., & Pottegård, A. (2020). Customers’ information seeking behavior prior to community pharmacy visits: A community pharmacy survey. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 16(10), 1442-1446.

Chen, C. M. (2020). Public health messages about COVID-19 prevention in multilingual Taiwan. Multilingua, 39(5), 597-606.

Cohen, R., Barton, S., Brennan, S., Chen-Lim, M., Park, B., & Slutsky, P. (2013). Evaluation of non-urgent emergency department visits in a pediatric primary care population. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 27(5), 323-324

Cotten, S. R., & Gupta, S. S. (2004). Characteristics of online and offline health information seekers and factors that discriminate between them. Social science & medicine, 59(9), 1795-1806.

Dalrymple, P., Zach, L., & Rogers, M. (2010). Re-visiting the digital divide: Health information seeking in a pre-natal program in a minority urban health center. Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 47(1), 1-1.

De Choudhury, M., Morris, M. R., & White, R. W. (2014). Seeking and sharing health information online: comparing search engines and social media (1365-1376). In Proceedings of the CHI’14: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Toronto Ontario Canada: Association for Computing Machinery.

Department of Labour Protection and Welfare, Ministry of Labour. (2020). Annual Labor Statistics. Retrieved from https://www.labour.go.th/index.php/service-statistic/service-report-year/category/21-report1?download=341:2563

Department of Labour Protection and Welfare, Ministry of Labour. (2020). Annual Labor Statistics. Retrieved from https://www.labour.go.th/index.php/service-statistic/service-report-year/category/21-report1?download=341:2563

Diviani, N., Van den Putte, B., Meppelink, C. S., & van Weert, J. C. (2016). Exploring the role of health literacy in the evaluation of online health information: insights from a mixed-methods study. Patient education and counseling, 99(6), 1017-1025.

Diviani, N., Zanini, C., Jaks, R., Brach, M., Gemperli, A., & Rubinelli, S. (2020). Information seeking behavior and perceived health literacy of family caregivers of persons living with a chronic condition. The case of spinal cord injury in Switzerland. Patient education and counseling, 103(8), 1531-1537.

Guadagno. (2020). Migrants and the COVID-19 pandemic: An initial analysis. Retrieved from https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/mrs-60.pdf

Guest, G., Namey, E., & Chen, M. (2020). A simple method to assess and report thematic saturation in qualitative research. PLoS One, 15(5), e0232076.

Guinto, R. L. L. R., Curran, U. Z., Suphanchaimat, R., & Pocock, N. S. (2015). Universal health coverage in ‘One ASEAN’: Are migrants included? Global health action, 8(1), 25749.

Harper, F. M., Moy, D., & Konstan, J. A. (2009). Facts or friends?: Distinguishing informational and conversational questions in social Q&A sites (pp. 759-768). In Proceedings of the CHI ’09: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. US: Association for Computing Machinery.

Hattar-Pollara, M., & Meleis, A. I. (1995). The stress of immigration and the daily lived experiences of Jordanian immigrant women in the United States. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 17(5), 521-539.

Hulme, P. A., Walker, S. N., Effle, K. J., Jorgensen, L., McGowan, M. G., Nelson, J. D., & Pratt, E. N. (2003). Health-promoting lifestyle behaviors of Spanish-speaking Hispanic adults. Journal of transcultural Nursing, 14(3), 244-254.

Khaleel, I., Wimmer, B. C., Peterson, G. M., Zaidi, S. T. R., Roehrer, E., Cummings, E., & Lee, K. (2020). Health information overload among health consumers: A scoping review. Patient education and counseling, 103(1), 15-32.

Kreps, G. L., & Sparks, L. (2008). Meeting the health literacy needs of immigrant populations. Patient education and counseling, 71(3), 328-332.

Kuan, A. S., Chen, T. J., & Lee, W. C. (2020). Barriers to health care services in migrants and potential strategies to improve accessibility: A qualitative analysis. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, 83(1), 95-101.

Kubicek, K., Liu, D., Beaudin, C., Supan, J., Weiss, G., Lu, Y., & Kipke, M. D. (2012). A profile of non-urgent emergency department usage in an urban pediatric hospital. Pediatric emergency care, 28(10), 977.

Kugbey, N., Meyer-Weitz, A., & Asante, K. O. (2019). Access to health information, health literacy and health-related quality of life among women living with breast cancer: Depression and anxiety as mediators. Patient education and counseling, 102(7), 1357-1363.

Lagoe, C., & Atkin, D. (2015). Health anxiety in the digital age: An exploration of psychological determinants of online health information seeking. Computers in Human Behavior, 52, 484-491.

Lai, C. C., Lee, P. I., & Hsueh, P. R. (2023). How Taiwan has responded to COVID-19 and how COVID-19 has affected Taiwan, 2020-2022. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, 56(3), 433-441.

Lai, C. C., Lee, P. I., & Hsueh, P. R. (2023). How Taiwan has responded to COVID-19 and how COVID-19 has affected Taiwan, 2020-2022. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, 56(3), 433-441.

Lai, J. B., & Hu, S. H. (2020). China sets up the specialised committee of mental health rehabilitation. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(1), 20.

Lange, S. J., Ritchey, M. D., Goodman, A. B., Dias, T., Twentyman, E., Fuld, J., & Yang, Q. (2020). Potential indirect effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on use of emergency departments for acute life‐threatening conditions—United States, January–May 2020. American Journal of Transplantation, 20(9), 2612-2617.

Lautenschlager, L., & Smith, C. (2006). Low-income American Indians’ perceptions of diabetes. Journal of nutrition education and behavior, 38(5), 307-315.

Linn, A. J., Schouten, B. C., Sanders, R., van Weert, J. C., & Bylund, C. L. (2020). Talking about Dr. Google: Communication strategies used by nurse practitioners and patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the Netherlands to discuss online health information. Patient Education and Counseling, 103(6), 1216-1222.

Meppelink, C. S., & Bol, N. (2015). Exploring the role of health literacy on attention to and recall of text-illustrated health information: an eye-tracking study. Computers in Human Behavior, 48, 87-93.

Millar, R. J., Sahoo, S., Yamashita, T., & Cummins, P. A. (2020). Literacy skills, language use, and online health information seeking among Hispanic adults in the United States. Patient Education and Counseling, 103(8), 1595-1600.

Moorhead, S. A., Hazlett, D. E., Harrison, L., Carroll, J. K., Irwin, A., & Hoving, C. (2013). A new dimension of health care: systematic review of the uses, benefits, and limitations of social media for health communication. Journal of medical Internet research, 15(4), e1933.

Moreno, A., Fuentes-Lara, C., & Navarro, C. (2020). Covid-19 communication management in Spain: Exploring the effect of information-seeking behavior and message reception in public’s evaluation. El Profesional De La Información, 29(4).

Moyce, S. C., & Schenker, M. (2018). Migrant workers and their occupational health and safety. Annual review of public health, 39, 351-365.

Myrick, J. G. (2017). The role of emotions and social cognitive variables in online health information seeking processes and effects. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 422-433.

National Statistical Office Thailand. (2017). Project to survey data on low-income people. Retrieved from https://province.nso.go.th/nontburi/images/1pdf.pdf

Nokes, K. M., Reyes, D. M., & Hickey, D. E. (2018). Perceptions of low income HIV+ persons about finding accurate web-based health information. Applied Nursing Research, 42, 70-76.

Ohns, M. J. (2019). Identifying the preferred method to educate low-income caregivers about common childhood illnesses: A step toward health literacy through a focus group study. Journal of pediatric nursing, 47, 131-135.

Park, H. J., & Lee, B. J. (2016). The role of social work for foreign residents in an epidemic: The MERS crisis in the Republic of Korea. Social work in public health, 31(7), 656-664.

Pian, W., Song, S., & Zhang, Y. (2020). Consumer health information needs: A systematic review of measures. Information Processing & Management, 57(2), 102077.

Rowen. (2020). Crafting the Taiwan model for COVID-19: An exceptional state in pandemic territory. Retrieved from https://apjjf.org/2020/14/Rowen.html.

Smutkupt, S. (2017). The” bare life” of Thai transnational migrant workers in Taiwan. Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia, 32(2), 515-530.

Song, S., Yao, X., & Wen, N. (2021). What motivates Chinese consumers to avoid information about the COVID-19 pandemic? The perspective of the stimulus-organism-response model. Information Processing & Management, 58(1), 102407.

Sørensen, K., Van den Broucke, S., Fullam, J., Doyle, G., Pelikan, J., Slonska, Z., & Brand, H. (2012). Health literacy and public health: a systematic review and integration of definitions and models. BMC public health, 12(1), 1-13.

Teo, M., Goonetilleke, A., Ahankoob, A., Deilami, K., & Lawie, M. (2018). Disaster awareness and information seeking behaviour among residents from low socio-economic backgrounds. International journal of disaster risk reduction, 31, 1121-1131.

Thailand Department of Labour Protection and Welfare. (2020). Report static of Labour. Retrieved from https://www.mol.go.th/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/09/StatisticsMol2563.pdf

Thailand Department of Labour Protection and Welfare. (2020). Report static of Labour. Retrieved from https://www.mol.go.th/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/09/StatisticsMol2563.pdf

Tsai, T. I., & Lee, S. Y. D. (2016). Health literacy as the missing link in the provision of immigrant health care: A qualitative study of Southeast Asian immigrant women in Taiwan. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 54, 65-74.

Tsai, Y. C., Wu, N. C., Su, H. C., Hsu, C. C., Guo, H. R., & Chen, K. T. (2020). Differences in injury and trauma management between migrant workers and citizens. Medicine, 99(31), e21553.

Uscher-Pines, L., Pines, J., Kellermann, A., Gillen, E., &Mehrotra, A. (2013). Deciding to visit the emergency department for non-urgent conditions: A systematic review of the literature. American Journal of Managed Care, 19(1), 47-59.

Wang HH, Chiu CR, Wang RH. (1992). Discussion of women health promotion behaviors and related factors. Public Health, 19, 251-265.

Witte, K. (1994). Fear control and danger control: A test of the extended parallel process model (EPPM). Communications Monographs, 61(2), 113-134.

World Bank. (2023). COVID-19 crisis through a migration lens. Retrieved from https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/33634/COVID-19-Crisis-Through-a-Migration-Lens.pdf

Zhang, X. A., Borden, J., & Kim, S. (2018). Understanding publics’ post-crisis social media engagement behaviors: An examination of antecedents and mediators. Telematics and informatics, 35(8), 2133-2146.

Zhao, Y., Liu, L., Qi, Y., Lou, F., Zhang, J., & Ma, W. (2020). Evaluation and design of public health information management system for primary health care units based on medical and health information. Journal of infection and public health, 13(4), 491-496.