BUDDHIST GOOD GOVERNANCE: APPROACH FOR BUILDING THE DHAMMA STATE IN CONTEMPORARY THAI SOCIET

Abstract

This article explores the concept of good governance from a Buddhist perspective and proposes a framework for establishing a Dhamma-based state that fits the context of contemporary Thai society. By comparing global principles of good governance with Buddhist teachings, the study reveals that although good governance is widely recognized in public administration, its implementation in Thailand still encounters several challenges. Applying Buddhist principles may offer a culturally appropriate and sustainable alternative. Key elements of good governance align closely with core Buddhist values. The rule of law corresponds with Avirodhana (non-deviation from truth) and the Four Biases (Agati), highlighting fairness and justice. Integrity is linked to Sila (moral conduct) and the Four Sublime States (Brahmavihara), emphasizing compassion and ethical behavior. Transparency connects with Ajjava (honesty) and Sacca (truthfulness), encouraging openness in administration. Participation aligns with the Seven Conditions for Non-Decline (Aparihaniya-dhamma), promoting collective discussion and decision-making. Responsiveness corresponds with the Four Bases of Success (Iddhipada), particularly Vimamsa (critical reflection), reinforcing accountability. Value for money aligns with Sangahavatthu (virtues for social harmony), especially Samanattata (impartiality) and the Middle Way, supporting efficient and balanced resource use. The article proposes three strategies for developing a Dhamma-based model of governance. First, leadership should be guided by the Ten Royal Virtues (Dasavidha-rajadhamma), with training and moral evaluation of public officials. Second, participation should be enhanced through community-based consultation, in line with Aparihaniya-dhamma. Third, transparency and accountability should be strengthened via civic oversight mechanisms based on Saranirya-dhamma. Together, these strategies aim to foster ethical, efficient, and culturally aligned governance that is sustainable and deeply rooted in Thailand’s spiritual and social foundations.