GUIDELINES FOR QUALITY CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT TO PROMOTE STUDENTS’ HIGHER-ORDER THINKING COMPETENCIES IN PILOT SCHOOLS OF CHIANG MAI EDUCATION SANDBOX
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research entitled “Guidelines for Quality Classroom Management to Promote Students’ Higher-Order Thinking Competencies in Pilot Schools of Chiang Mai Education Sandbox” aimed to: 1) examine the current and desirable conditions of quality classroom management to promote students’ higher-order thinking competencies in pilot schools of Chiang Mai Education Sandbox; 2) develop guidelines for quality classroom management to promote students’ higher-order thinking competencies; and 3) evaluate the proposed guidelines. The research procedures consisted of three phases. Phase 1 investigated the current and desirable conditions of quality classroom management through a questionnaire. Phase 2 involved developing the guidelines using structured interviews. Phase 3 focused on validating the proposed guidelines by assessing their accuracy, appropriateness, feasibility, and utility. The findings revealed that: 1) the overall current and desirable conditions of quality classroom management to promote higher-order thinking competencies were at a high level ( = 4.32, SD = 0.65 and
= 4.50, SD = 0.49, respectively). The overall Priority Needs Index (PNIModified) was 0.04; 2) the proposed guidelines comprised five key components: (1) organizing a learning-supportive environment, (2) designing developmentally appropriate learning activities, (3) utilizing instructional media and educational innovations, (4) teachers’ roles in promoting Active Learning, and (5) fostering student participation; and 3) the overall evaluation of the proposed guidelines was at the highest level in all aspects, including accuracy (
= 4.92, SD = 0.28), appropriateness (
= 4.82, SD = 0.39), feasibility (
= 4.64, SD = 0.60), and utility (
= 4.95, SD = 0.20).
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The owner of the article does not copy or violate any of its copyright. If any copyright infringement occurs or prosecution, in any case, the Editorial Board is not involved in all the rights to the owner of the article to be performed.
References
Anderson, L. W., & Krathwohl, D. R. (2001). A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing: A revision of Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives. Longman.
Chai, C. S., Deng, F., & Tsai, C. C. (2021). Perceptions of and Behavioral Intentions towards Learning Artificial Intelligence in Primary School Students. Educational Technology & Society, 24(3), 89-101. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27032858
Darling-Hammond, L., Flook, L., Cook-Harvey, C., Barron, B., & Osher, D. (2020). Implications for educational practice of the science of learning and development. Applied Developmental Science, 24(2), 97–140. DOI: 10.1080/10888691.2018.1537791
Freiberg, H. J. (Ed.). (2020). School climate: Measuring, improving and sustaining healthy learning environments. Routledge.
Gardner, H. (2018). Multiple approaches to understanding. In K. Illeris (Ed.), Contemporary theories of learning: Learning theorists… in their own words (2nd ed., pp. 129–138). Routledge. DOI: 10.4324/9781315147277-9
Kwangmuang, P., Jarutkamolpong, S., Sangboonraung, W., & Daungtod, S. (2021). The development of learning innovation to enhance higher order thinking skills for students in Thailand junior high schools. Heliyon, 7(6), e07309. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07309
Liu, J., Ma, Y., Sun, X., Zhu, Z., & Xu, Y. (2021). A systematic review of higher-order thinking by visualizing its structure through HistCite and CiteSpace software. Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 31(6), 635–645. DOI: 10.1007/s40299-021-00614-5
Marzano, R. J., & Marzano, J. S. (2020). The key to classroom management. Educational Leadership, 61(1), 6–13.
OECD. (2018). The future of education and skills: Education 2030. OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/education/2030-project
Office of the Education Council. (2023). Policy and direction report on educational development to enhance learners’ competencies in the 21st century. Ministry of Education. [in Thai]
Piaget, J., & Vygotsky, L. S. (2016). Constructivism: Theory, perspectives, and practice (2nd ed.). In C. T. Fosnot (Ed.), Constructivism: Theory, perspectives, and practice (pp. 8–33). Teachers College Press.
Pianta, R. C., Hamre, B. K., & Mintz, S. (2012). Classroom assessment scoring system (CLASS): Secondary manual. Paul H. Brookes Publishing.
Ragab, A., Kaid, A., & Sayed, A. K. (2024). Enhancing higher order thinking skills (HOTS) in education: Strategies and outcomes. TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal, 3(5), 1488–1499. DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v3i5.267
Silfani, A. N., Basikin, B., & Hasan, M. M. (2025). The Teachers’ Strategies to Enhance Students' Higher-Order Thinking Skills. Entity: English Teaching and Commonality, 1(1), 1-10. https://journal.pradanainstitute.id/index.php/entity/article/view/3
Torrance, E. P. (2021). Torrance tests of creative thinking: Norms-technical manual. Scholastic Testing Service.
Wang, M. T., Degol, J. L., & Henry, D. A. (2022). An integrative development-in-sociocultural-context model for children’s engagement in learning. Educational Psychologist, 57(3), 153–177. DOI: 10.1080/00461520.2022.2045480
Weinstein, C. S., & Romano, M. E. (2021). Elementary classroom management: Lessons from research and practice (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Wongwanich, S. (2007). Needs assessment research. Chulalongkorn University Press. [in Thai]
Younas, A., Zafar, M., & Somani, R. (2023). A systematic review of classroom learning environment and student engagement. Heliyon, 9(4), e14537. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14537