Syntactic Interpretations of Noun Phrases with Restrictive Relativizers Which and That in English Cookbooks
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Abstract
The study examines the syntactic interpretations of noun phrases (NPs) used with the restrictive relativizers which and that in English Cookbooks. Whilst previous studies focused on the colligations of NPs with the restrictive relativizer which and the restrictive relativizer that in English writing of EFL learners, this study contributed to the view of English cookbooks. Regarding the sources of data, English cookbooks were collected Pollen Street: The Cookbook (Atherton, 2018), The Ritz London: The Cookbook (Williams, 2018), Open Kitchen: Inspired Food for Casual Gathering (Spungen, 2019), Big Love Cooking, (Campanaro & Gambacorta, 2019), Middle Eastern Sweets (Hage, 2021) and Gabrial Kreuther: The Spirit of Alsace (Kreuther & Ruhlman, 2021). Approximately 350,000 words contain 22 tokens. The analytical framework of syntactic interpretation of the head NPs follows Daafia (2021), who categorized noun phrases into three types. These types of NPs were analyzed regarding their colligation with the restrictive relativizer which and the relativizer that. The results show that the restrictive relativizer which occurs at 13.67 percent, whereas the relativizer that occurs at 86.36 percent. Both the relativizer which and the relativizer that in this study frequently occur with concrete nouns, such as oil which and cake that. It is expected that this current study will be useful for learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in order to use the relativizers which and that accurately and appropriately.
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เนื้อหาและข้อมูลที่ตีพิมพ์ลงในวารสารมนุษย์กับสังคม ถือเป็นข้อคิดเห็นและความรับผิดชอบโดยตรงของผู้เขียนซึ่งกองบรรณาธิการวารสารไม่จำเป็นต้องเห็นด้วยหรือร่วมรับผิดชอบใดๆ
บทความ ข้อมูล เนื้อหา รูปภาพ ฯลฯ ที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์ในวารสารมนุษย์กับสังคม ถือเป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของวารสาร หากบุคคลหรือหน่วยงานใดต้องการนำทั้งหมดหรือส่วนหนึ่งส่วนใดไปเผยแพร่ต่อต้องอ้างอิงวาสาร
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