REVIEWING MEDIA IMPACT IN THAI POLITICS: PARASOCIAL INTERACTION AND AUTHENTICITY
Main Article Content
บทคัดย่อ
บทความนี้นำการวิจัยในอดีตมาศึกษา เพื่อตรวจสอบผลกระทบของการเปิดรับสื่อ การปฏิสัมพันธ์กึ่งสังคม ต่อความจริงแท้ทางการเมือง และประสิทธิภาพทางการเมือง โดยมีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อสร้างแนวทางเบื้องต้นที่ช่วยเสริมสร้างความเข้าใจว่า สื่อมีอิทธิพลต่อมิติของตัวแปรที่กล่าวมาข้างต้นอย่างไร บทความนี้เน้นนำเสนอบทบาทของการเปิดรับสื่อในการหล่อหลอมทัศนคติทางการเมือง และความสำคัญของการปฏิสัมพันธ์กึ่งสังคม ในการส่งเสริมความไว้วางใจต่อรัฐบาลและบุคคลในสื่อ พบว่า ปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อการรับรู้ความเป็นของแท้ทางการเมือง ได้แก่ ความเป็นธรรมดา ความสอดคล้องกัน และความรวดเร็วทันที ซึ่งถูกส่งผลกระทบจากการนำเสนอในสื่อ นอกจากนี้ ยังเน้นถึงการกระตุ้นของสื่อดั้งเดิมและสื่อสังคมออนไลน์ ต่อการมีส่วนร่วมทางการเมืองและประสิทธิภาพทางการเมือง บทความนี้ มีการสรุปโดยเน้นถึงความจำเป็นในการศึกษาในอนาคต เพื่อทำความเข้าใจว่า พลวัตรของตัวแปรเหล่านี้ทำงานอย่างไร โดยเฉพาะในภูมิทัศน์สื่อที่พัฒนาในประเทศไทย รวมถึงผลกระทบต่อกระบวนการประชาธิปไตย โดยมีข้อมูลสนับสนุน
Article Details
References
Akinola, O. A., Omar, B., & Mustapha, L. K. (2022). Corruption in the limelight: The relative influence of traditional mainstream and social
media on political trust in Nigeria. International Journal of Communication, 16, 22.
Ashraf, A., Hameed, I., & Saeed, S. A. (2023). How do social media influencers inspire consumers' purchase decisions? The mediating
role of parasocial relationships. International Journal of Consumer Studies. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12917
Audrezet, A., De Kerviler, G., & Moulard, J. G. (2020). Authenticity under threat: When social media influencers need to go beyond self-
presentation. Journal of business research, 117, 557-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.07.008
Aw, E. C. X., & Labrecque, L. I. (2020). Celebrity endorsement in social media contexts: understanding the role of parasocial interactions
and the need to belong. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 37(7), 895-908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106610
Baker, Z. G., Tou, R. Y., Bryan, J. L., & Knee, C. (2017). Authenticity and well-being: Exploring positivity and negativity in interactions as a
mediator. Personality and Individual Differences, 113, 235-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PAID.2017.03.018
Balaban, D. C., & Szambolics, J. (2022). A proposed model of self-perceived authenticity of social media influencers. Media and
Communication, 10(1), 235-246. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v10i1.4765
Bond, B. J. (2018). Parasocial relationships with media personae: Why they matter and how they differ among heterosexual, lesbian,
gay, and bisexual adolescents. Media Psychology, 21(3), 457-485. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2017.1416295
Boulianne, S. (2019). Building faith in democracy: Deliberative events, political trust and efficacy. Political Studies, 67(1), 4-30.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0032321718761466
Carù, A., Ostillio, M. C., & Leone, G. (2017). Corporate museums to enhance brand authenticity in luxury goods companies: The case of
Salvatore Ferragamo. International Journal of Arts Management, 32-45.
Chang, K., & Park, J. (2021). Social media use and participation in dueling protests: The case of the 2016–2017 presidential corruption
scandal in South Korea. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 26(3), 547-567. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161220940962
Dekavalla, M. (2020). Gaining trust: the articulation of transparency by You Tube fashion and beauty content creators. Media, Culture &
Society, 42(1), 75-92. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443719846613
de Vreese, C. H., & Neijens, P. (2016). Measuring media exposure in a changing communications environment. Communication Methods
and Measures, 10(2-3), 69-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2016.1150441
Dunn, S. G. S., & Nisbett, G. S. (2014). Parasocial interactions online: candidate intimacy in webpages and Facebook. The Journal of
Social Media in Society, 3(2).
Fazli-Salehi, R., Jahangard, M., Torres, I. M., Madadi, R., & Zúñiga, M. Á. (2022). Social media reviewing channels: the role of channel
interactivity and vloggers’ self-disclosure in consumers’ parasocial interaction. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 39(2), 242-253.
https://doi.org/10.1108/JCM-06-2020-3866
Friedman, E., & Kampf, Z. (2020). ‘To thine own self be true’: The perceived meanings and functions of political consistency. Language in
Society, 49(1), 89-113. doi:10.1017/S004740451900068X
Gershon, R., & Smith, R. K. (2020). Twice-told tales: Self-repetition decreases observer assessments of performer authenticity. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 118(2), 307–324. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000183
Graf, M. (2022). The Bipartisan Media Strategy: How Three Ideologically Different Candidates Found Success. Comm-entary, 18(1), 10.
Haobin Ye, B., Fong, L. H. N., & Luo, J. M. (2021). Parasocial interaction on tourism companies’ social media sites: antecedents and
consequences. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(8), 1093-1108. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1764915
Hoewe, J., & Sherrill, L. A. (2019). The influence of female lead characters in political TV shows: Links to political engagement. Journal of
Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 63(1), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2019.1570782
Holtz-Bacha, C. (2022). Strategic Political Authenticity: How Populists Construct an Authentic Image. In Cultures of Authenticity (pp. 273-
. Emerald Publishing Limited.
Horton, D., & Wohl, R. R. (1956). Mass communication and para-social interaction: Observations on intimacy at a distance. Interpersonal
and Biological Processes, 19(3), 215-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.1956.11023049
Ibenskas, R., & Polk, J. (2022). Party responsiveness to public opinion in young democracies. Political Studies, 70(4), 919-938.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0032321721993635
Jamieson, K. H., & Waldman, P. (2003). The press effect: Politicians, journalists, and the stories that shape the political world. Oxford
University Press.
Jarzyna, C. L. (2021). Parasocial interaction, the COVID-19 quarantine, and digital age media. Human Arenas, 4(3), 413-429.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42087-020-00156-0
Knobloch-Westerwick, S., Mothes, C., & Polavin, N. (2020). Confirmation bias, ingroup bias, and negativity bias in selective exposure to
political information. Communication research, 47(1), 104-124. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650217719596
Knoll, J., Matthes, J., & Heiss, R. (2020). The social media political participation model: A goal systems theory perspective. Convergence,
(1), 135-156. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856517750366
Lee, E. J., Oh, S. Y., Lee, J., & Kim, H. S. (2018). Up close and personal on social media: When do politicians’ personal disclosures enhance
vote intention?. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 95(2), 381-403. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699018754911
Lee, Y., & Min, Y. (2020). Attribute agenda setting and affective priming in a South Korean election: How media descriptions of candidate
attributes affect political decision-making. Asian Journal of Communication, 30(1), 20–38. https://doi.org/10.10
/01292986.2019.1688364
Lehman, D. W., O'Connor, K., Kovács, B., & Newman, G. E. (2019). Authenticity. The Academy of Management Annals, 13(1), 1–42.
https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2017.0047
Lindholm, C. (2008). Culture and authenticity. Blackwell.
Liu, P. L. (2023). Parasocial relationship in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: A moderated mediation model of digital media
exposure on political trust among Chinese young people. Computers in Human Behavior, 141, 107639.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107639
Luebke, S. M. (2021). Political authenticity: Conceptualization of a popular term. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 26(3), 635-
https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161220948013
Luebke, S. M., & Engelmann, I. (2023). Perceiving politicians as true to themselves: Development and validation of the perceived political
authenticity scale. Plos one, 18(5), e0285344. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285344
Li, W., Ding, H., Xu, G., & Yang, J. (2023). The Impact of Fitness Influencers on a Social Media Platform on Exercise Intention during the
COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Parasocial Relationships. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2),
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021113
McCombs, M. E., & Becker, L. B. (1979). Using mass communication theory. Pearson/Prentice Hall.
Nah, H. S. (2022). The appeal of “real” in parasocial interaction: the effect of self-disclosure on message acceptance via perceived
authenticity and liking. Computers in Human Behavior, 134, 107330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107330
Patllollu, R. (2023). The Presence of Political parasocial interaction in the Websites of US Senators. Journal of Student Research, 12(1).
https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v12i1.3877
Pillow, D. R., Crabtree, M. A., Galvan, M. J., & Hale, W. J. (2018). Not simply in the eye of the beholder: Authenticity as a product of
candidate preference and unfettered speech. Political Psychology, 39(4), 849-868. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.1244
PPTVHD36. (2023, April 13). เลือกตั้ง 2566: ตั้งแต่ยุบสภาพรรคไหนใช้โซเชียลสื่อสารกับประชาชนมากสุด? [Election 2023: Which political party
utilized social media communication with the public the most since the dissolution of parliament? - English Translation].
https://www.pptvhd36.com/news/การเมือง/194324
Rosenblum, M., Schroeder, J., & Gino, F. (2020). Tell it like it is: When politically incorrect language promotes authenticity. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 119(1), 75–103. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000206
Rothschild, Z. K., Keefer, L. A., & Hauri, J. (2021). Defensive partisanship? Evidence that in‐party scandals increase out‐party hostility.
Political Psychology, 42(1), 3-21. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12680
Rubin, R. B., & McHugh, M. P. (1987). Development of parasocial interaction relationships. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media,
(3), 279-292. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838158709386664
Schwarzenegger, C. (2023). Understanding the users of alternative news media—Media epistemologies, news consumption, and media
practices. Digital Journalism, 11(5), 853-871. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2021.2000454
Shen, B. (2020). Creating a parasocial relationship on social media: luxury brands playing cute in China. Asian Journal of
Communication, 30(6), 494-514. https://doi.org/10.1080/01292986.2020.1840601
Shoenberger, H., Kim, E. A., & Johnson, E. K. (2020). # BeingReal about Instagram ad models: The effects of perceived authenticity: How
image modification of female body size alters advertising attitude and buying intention. Journal of Advertising Research, 60(2), 197-
https://doi.org/10.2501/JAR-2019-035
Sinpeng, A. (2020). Digital media, political authoritarianism, and Internet controls in Southeast Asia. Media, Culture & Society, 42(1), 25-
https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443719884052
Slater, M. D. (2004). Operationalizing and analyzing exposure: The foundation of media effects research. Journalism & Mass
Communication Quarterly, 81(1), 168-183. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900408100112
Slothuus, R., & Bisgaard, M. (2021). How political parties shape public opinion in the real world. American Journal of Political Science,
(4), 896-911. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12550
Stiers, D., Larner, J., Kenny, J., Breitenstein, S., Vallée-Dubois, F., & Lewis-Beck, M. (2021). Candidate authenticity: “to thine own self be
true.” Political Behavior, 43, 1181–1204. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s11109-019-09589-y
Tan-intaraarj, P. (2021, May). Celebrities Influence Public Opinion: Applying Celebrity Political Endorsement through Meaning Transfer
Theory. In DPU International Conference on Business Innovation and Social Sciences 2021 (pp. 124-131). Dhurakij Pundit University.
Tan-intaraarj, P., & Pornsakulvanich, V. (2021). The study of Japanese Idol in Thailand: The impact of interpersonal attraction and
parasocial interaction on parasocial relationships and attitude homophily. Journal of Communication and Management NIDA (e-
Journal), 7(3), 1-19.
Thai PBS. (2023, May 25). เลือกตั้ง2566: "แฟนด้อมการเมือง" ตัวละครใหม่ในเวทีการเมืองไทย [Election 2023: "Political Fan Domains" - A New
Character on the Thai Political Stage – English Translation]. https://www.thaipbs.or.th/news/content/328185
Thorson, K., Cotter, K., Medeiros, M., & Pak, C. (2021). Algorithmic inference, political interest, and exposure to news and politics on
Facebook. Information, Communication & Society, 24(2), 183-200. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2019.1642934
Um, N. (2017). Effectiveness of celebrity endorsement of a political candidate among young voters. Social Behavior and Personality: an
international journal, 45(9), 1425-1436. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6163
Um, N. (2022). Impact of parasocial interaction, perceived ad message authenticity, and match-up between brand and celebrity in
evaluation of Instagram celebrity-based brand endorsement. Sustainability, 14(5), 2928. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052928
Valgarðsson, V. O., Clarke, N., Jennings, W., & Stoker, G. (2021). The good politician and political trust: An authenticity gap in British
politics?. Political Studies, 69(4), 858-880. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032321720928257